Tuesday, July 15, 2014

Chronology & Catastrophics


 
  
By Clayton James Conway 
 
 
Editor:  Draft Nov 5th 2020

Preface:  If your need for certainty as supplied by social conformities of the herd is too great and or challenging authority is outside your purview, then immediately put this book down. Only the brave and adventurous that are constitutionally able to radically change one's worldview and consciousness should attempt to read this book.

Dedication: 

I dedicate this book to Immanuel Velikovsky, a man of uncommon valor. While the armies of established mediocrity and petty forces won their battles by dishonorable actions, he stood his ground against the most outrageous abuse and misfortune and never lost his firm and unyielding conviction that the light of truth upheld by the honorable would win the day. Vindication is total. No battle was ever fought harder by so few, that had greater consequences for mankind, than this unremarked upon first battles. The weapons used against mankind were induced by his traumatized mind and shrouded in veils of scholarship as a fortification against enlightenment. The single weapon that prevailed was simply the honesty of just men. These mostly unknown and unacknowledged individuals prevailed against the force of the whole world because they did not value the good opinion of others, which is the coin of comfort and ease in the world, but loved truth even above their own lives.

Special thanks to my most beloved Christi Lynn Trapp for all her work and personal & loving help that made it possible for me to make this book available. Her steadfast support was simply indispensable. Also, thanks to Angel for reading the manuscript and helpful comments. Also, thanks to the old Kronia group and Thunderbolts Project for the exceptional individuals that gave positive support. Amy and Mel Acheson gave of themselves selflessly and Ian Tresman's catastrophism CD was vastly helpful in tying multiple threads together: 

     <http://www.catastrophism.com

 

The Poem of Erra 

I ROSE FROM MY SEAT, AND THE GOVERNMENT OF HEAVEN AND EARTH DISSOLVED.

AND THE SKY, LO!, IT SHOOK:  THE STATIONS OF THE STARS IN THE SKY WERE

ALTERED, AND I DID NOT BRING (THEM) BACK TO THEIR (FORMER) POSITIONS.


Erra the god of confusion on tablet pointing to an event (2255 BCE) in the reign of Naram-Sin grandson of Sargon I


Nearing noon on a midsummer day, when I was 15 years old (1973 August 31st), I saw a small but tremendously brilliant day star near the Moon crest. As I was looking at its amazingly brilliant shafts of light, extending beyond any star I had ever beheld, I wondered what this most unusual star could be. Not expecting an answer, I nevertheless heard a voice of clarity from the star that said:

     "I am the Star of David, the Star of Bethlehem"



Contents:

Introduction

Tradition & Myth:  Racial memories

Polar Configuration:  Planetary solar system formation

The Grid of Tradition:  Cycles of cosmic close Earth encounters

Dendrochronology:  Hard evidence of cyclical worldwide events

Archaeological & Geological Strata

Geological Epochs:  Cycles, depth, and heat

Year & Moon Counts:  Universa Terra

Astronomical Dating:  Moon phase syncs

Chronology Syncs:  Traditional dates and logical outcomes

Human Psychology:  The herd

Implications & Conclusions

Subject Index

INDEX:  1  SOLUTIONS TO CHRONOLOGICAL PROBLEMS

              2  TIMELINE

              3  HISTORIC CHRONOLOGIES BASED ON CYCLES T & Y

              4  TRADITIONAL KING LISTS OF EGYPT, BABYLON, & ASSYRIA

              5  EARTH AXIS TILT JOLTS

              6  KEPLER'S THIRD LAW PLUS THE POLAR CONFIGURATION

              7  SOME ORBITALS IN CHRONICLES

              8  NEW FRAME LOGIC

              9  DRAGON LORE

 

 Introduction



The purpose of this book is to challenge uniformitarian assumptions. The present worldview of gradualism and materialism does not agree with mankind's oldest oral traditions. Gradualism is the cyclic changes to Earths topography by weather along with other processes such as sudden seismic shifts, volcanism, floods, and minuscule orbital parameter changes within geological time frames in the millions of years. If much more significant forces of change were at play that also traumatized mankind, those effects will be purposefully looked for in predictable signposts that would exist. The major assumptions that this book will focus on is Earth's past orbital periods and axis tilts in both mythic and historic periods.

One other basic challenge that will be mounted is a comparison of purely traditional based historic chronologies of the ancients against modern reconstructions based on astronomical retro-calculations. Traditional history was painstakingly built. Since men do not willingly die for what they know is false and unenduring, the popular idea of history being made up is itself a fiction. The extremist school of uniformitarian literalism is used by scientism to explain away mankind's traditions of planetary lightning bolts (thunderbolts), planet wide hurricanes, fires from heaven, and floods of worldwide scale as only lightning, hurricanes, fires, and floods that we experience today from regular weather cycles and patterns. Moreover, the error of our modern era in "correcting" records and documents to fit the newest fashions of science understandings of how the universe works makes such renderings impotent if those fashions be wrong. The correction of isolated and predictable mistakes is one thing. However, the correctors hand has left nothing untouched. Changes have been driven by motives and agendas of their own design having moved too quickly against the grain and gain of knowledge.

During the 20th century there was a movement in society and science to disentangle previous scholarly views dominated by traditional church beliefs and teachings from the new rationalism. Whole careers were made and spent in avowing previous traditional views as mere fantasy. While this reaction in science was predictable for its time, it does not account for the ongoing and continuing campaigns to dominate public opinion today into disbelieving mankind's oldest traditions. Extreme views towards the validity of ancient historic documents such as the Bible can only be viewed as accepted anti-intellectualism and other forms of irrationalism. Fortunately, history is an independent pillar of evidence and not subject to consensus conformity and beliefs so the validity of ancient testimony cannot be dismissed so easily.

The recordings of historic events by people are sure to be colored by social agendas and cultural bias in what was deemed important information worthy of inclusion. The poison of doubt in social honesty in reporting basic contemporary verifiable events cannot be tolerated. To do so is to deny past, present, and even future records of their power making recorded observation impotent as evidence with an ability to confirm. Cultural records are sacrosanct and must be free to give their testimony without shackles others would impose. Commentaries are helpful and rebuttals welcome, but such analysis can never take the records place in the context of its culture. Cultural records stand forever in the public trust for future generations that may find better understandings for their statements. The destruction or the permanent changing of the meaning of cultural records to fit present consensus understandings is a crime no less than cultural genocide.

If science as the ideal of rational methodology exhibits irrational and exclusionary behavior by its organs towards inquiry, then such social behavior is exhibit number one as classic psychological denial. Mankind's traditions are the only basis to start from in indicating catastrophic worldwide events. If traditional chronology succeeds in constructing an internally consistent and valid synchronism to the time line outside of the astronomical retro-calculation parameters of uniformitarianism, then many basic underpinnings of present consensus science will be falsified. The result of this kind of social falsification would likely have too great of an impact to measure along with many social psychological ramifications.

Traditional records and chronologies all over the world will be treated as overall correct in this book. Catastrophes require a solid chronology of occurrences to fret out the likeliest agents of events. Cyclic catastrophic patterns found in both the records of man and nature will be used to judge between traditional historic standalone chronologies and today's conventional chronologies that were built upon a vast mountain of assumptions in order to make astronomical retro-calculations hold to a sense of reasonableness and mathematical validity. Either way traditional chronology never becomes dependent on catastrophic scenarios. Only the confirmation of a chronology ever becomes dependent on measures outside its own domain. All BP dates in this book are 2001 CE except for citations that use standard AD 1950.

 

Tradition & Myth: Racial memories 


Ancient witness History: Destruction by Wind, Fire, and Water

Myth: A Completely Different Cosmic Order

History speaks with one voice. Civilizations perished by wind, fire, and water with water being the most destructive to life. These events such as typhoons, fires (from heaven), and floods were worldwide in scope and occurred periodically with the last episodes during historical times. The lack of diversity in mankind's DNA by itself points to man’s past near extinctions. Vast volumes could and have been produced to prove these events and only the ignorant claim contrary. However, layman may not know of these facts because of the constant promotions of conventional popular science writers, so I will bring in an authority no less than Einstein. An English translation by Benny Peiser of the major point in the July 8, 1946 letter Einstein wrote to Velikovsky after reading the first part of _Worlds in Collision_:

"The book contains much interesting material which proves that catastrophes did indeed occur which have to be linked to extraterrestrial causes."[1]

Einstein, as most others, did not agree with Velikovsky's agents for these events. However, that takes nothing away from the fact that the history of man proves that multiple Earth encounters by extraterrestrial agents occurred during historic times.

The One Story Told Around the World

Myth had been given a bad name during the 20th century by the rose colored glasses it was analyzed through, which made contradictions its only consistent characteristic. Nothing made any sense. The Saturn PC (Polar Configuration) overview of mythology as expressed by David Talbott (_The Saturn Myth_, 1980), Ev Cochrane (_Martian Metamorphoses_, 1997), Dwardu Cardona (_God Star_ 2006), and others (Rose, Tresman, Newgrosh, etc...) overturns all such contradictions and transforms them into a fully consistent and predictable picture. The ancients offer us a single consistent story worldwide by symbolism. A summary of the main points of the Saturn PC mythological story is presented in 5 sections below:

1. In the First Age the passage of time went unmeasured as no change in the heavens was observed. There was Saturn, the night sun, glowing purple with the intensity of today’s Moon unmoving directly over Earth's North Pole. There was no night, stars were not seen except for maybe a few of the brightest, and the Moon did not orbit the Earth.

2. All the planets were tethered together in a shish kabob, by a twisting serpentine column of light, the Axis Mundi, connecting the planets in a straight line, pole to pole, orbiting as a unit. From Earth’s view Mars was centered within flaring Venus which was centered within Saturn. The planets filled the horizon of Earth's sky.

3. The beginning of the Age of Time came into being after a rotating crescent about the night sun, Saturn, came into existence. The crescent was measured by the four directions into four quarters per full daily rotation.

4. After the crescent of the night sun Saturn established itself, Mars began to wander outside the center of Venus.

5. The ancients foresaw the motions of Mars outside of Venus as a sign of the coming end of the Polar Configuration. A chaos event ended the polar configuration, which changed the planetary system to distant bodies as the planets wandered off away from each other becoming the mere points of light of today.


Amazingly, man left a record of planetary events of our planetary system that occurred. Man witnessed and recorded Mars losing its atmosphere, "all his hair has fallen out" [2], becoming suddenly bald. After all the planets achieved new much more distant Keplerian orbits about the sun, the inner planets and satellites periodically experienced close near encounters from lost satellites of the planets. The satellites Titan and Vulcan orbited the sun like comets. The asteroid belt is from recent events, which material came mostly from Mars. Asteroids are on average no more than 40,000 years old since the sun, Jupiter, and Saturn sweep the system clean within that time frame on average. Saturn's rings are evidence of near encounters that pulled mass from Saturn itself less than 50 thousand years ago. Many extinction and near extinction events have occurred on Earth. During the historic period (40,000 BP) Australian aboriginal oral tradition of `rainbow snake and morning star' suggest "electrical discharge between the Earth and some other cosmic body" [3]. Pliny the Elder states that a thunderbolt destroyed the city of Volsinium [4]. Thunderbolts are lightning exchanges between planets. Planetary interactions with significant extraterrestrial bodies would produce year's long aftereffects that would be seen by everyone all around the world. Dr. Anthony Peratt has shown that the petroglyphs and pictographs found all over the world are evident of planetary plasma discharges [5]. The plasma patterns created in the lab has only been known science since the late 20th century. In 1893 BCE after Jacob had fled from his brother awoke in the morning to find a Ladder of Heaven in the sky. Planetary plasma discharges as drawn in the past were also called the cosmic stairway, the spiral stairway to Heaven, Buddha's sky ladder, etc.

Many respected scholars hold that mythic events of the destruction of the Polar Configuration to be within historic memory at about 10 to 40 thousand years ago. Some even hold that any worldwide catastrophes on Earth by extraterrestrial agents were from comets and many other insignificant sized bodies. Anyone that holds that a polar configuration to be impossible must only look upon galaxy arms to understand they are delayed polar configuration (PC) as curved swords and not straight like old Saturn's PC.

1 I. Velikovsky, _Before the Day Breaks_, 1976 http://www.varchive.org http://www.varchive.org/cor/einstein/460708ev.htm

2 Translation in C. Jung, _Symbols of Transformation_, (Princeton, 1976), page 210.

3 Wolfe Creek Crater, Louis A G Hissink MSc., 2002 Dec.; Kronia Vol. VII, No 3, 2003 April 30, West Australian Museum.

4 Pliny, Naturalis Historia, II, 53.

5 Anthony Peratt, "Characteristics for the Occurrence of a High- Current, Z-Pinch Aurora as Recorded in Antiquity", Vol. 31, No. 6, 2003 Dec. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Cosmology, page 1112-1117.

 

Polar Configuration:  Planetary solar system formation

 

Most Saturnists have chosen a capture model for how Saturn, the night sun, came to be a part of the day sun's solar system. Saturn was the primary of Venus, Mars, and Earth in a polar configuration (PC). A PC is where the planets at different distances stay together pointed towards the poles of each other and orbit their primary as a unit together. Since galaxy arms are delayed PC, the function is confirmed. From the observational point of Earth in the Saturn PC, Mars, Venus, and Saturn were the most dominant objects of Earth's sky. The latter capture of Saturn by the sun's system into its orb has been posited as a cause of the PC breakup.

Reconstruction of the formative planetary solar system is necessary if the present one was not naturally formed. Saturn's capture and the end of the PC created a new planetary order solar system that follows patterns found on Earth by local gravity. The density order of the planets in the solar system is:

           Sun                 1

           Mercury     3.85

           Earth           3.91

           Venus          3.53

           Mars            2.77

           Neptune     1.16

           Uranus        0.95

           Jupiter        0.95

           Saturn         0.48

The question now is what kind of universal pattern for both mass and spacing occurs in nature that matches this kind of distribution. The human body provides a framework for local gravity.

           Planet            Body

           Saturn           Head

           Jupiter           Torso

           Uranus           hip joint

           Neptune        mid-thigh

           Mars                knee cap

           Venus             upper calf

           Earth               mid-calf

           Mercury         ankle

Neptune and Uranus were originally between the inner planets and Jupiter in originally mass ratios of Earth 1/18 of Neptune, and Neptune 1/18 of Jupiter.

Exoplanetary systems suggest different patterns. The sun planetary solar system order is abnormal, which suggests that in the past the planetary solar system was disrupted exactly as oral tradition tells us. The normative pattern as given by Kepler 90 is two nodes of 3 planets with mass ratios of Earth at center and two Venus' 15/18 on either side, which because the node does not exist today is labeled A, B, and C. The second node with Neptune between two Uranus' with the one closest to the sun as missing and labeled as D. Then two Jovian bodies:  Jupiter in its present orderly position and another Jovian body with the same mass out further out labeled Jove II that left because of Saturn's disruption event of 60k ago. If this scenario is correct then, Saturn caused the loss of Jove II and planet D by the displacement of the outer and second nodes. If we suppose planet B exploded, it would be dated by Flandern’s new comet creation event of 3.2 million years ago.

Sun


A

B

C


D

Neptune

Uranus


Jupiter

Jovian II and then Saturn


Ancient knowledge of the planetary solar systems

Cylinder Seal VA 243 has an unusual impression of the planetary solar system. The maker of this cylinder was a supreme master. However, the obvious central sun is not the symbol of the sun used by the culture in which created the cylinder. Moreover, the diagram of the planets is so small that it is like a framed complete painting on the wall of a doll house or a framed painting inside a painting. The diagram clearly shows Uranus and Neptune and two other unknown bodies besides the expected planets. On the left side are 3 large spheres with the upper top left, slightly smaller. as the unknown planet that some say is Nibiru with a retrograde orbit of a sars or 3600 years. Going counterclockwise you get the order of Nibiru, Jupiter, Saturn, another unknown but much smaller body before Uranus and Neptune. The ancients knew of the difference in the sizes of Jupiter and Saturn so giving them the same size suggests a dual purpose for the diagram where they can switch positions. There are multiple patterns to the system. I noticed that there are 3 lines of four bodies on top, middle, and bottom, which made me realize that all 3 largest bodies on the left represent Saturn that change into other bodies as needed. The top line of 4 bodies left to right is Saturn, Venus, Mars, and Nibiru or Titan which are all water bodies. The Earth is not given because the planet order is based on Earth's view of the Polar Configuration. The middle line of 4 is Saturn the night sun, the day sun, Earth, and Moon. None of the middle 4 bodies are planets as the ancient considered them. The bottom 4 bodies are Saturn, Nibiru, Uranus, and Neptune. This system is amazing because to view the sun's original system you just take out the large left top body, Moon, and Nibiru and you can clearly see going clockwise on top the first node of 3 smaller bodies,  the second node of Neptune and Uranus with the Earth  being the same size as Uranus turning into a lost second Uranus body D. This is exactly what the planet densities and exoplanet order of the Kepler 90 system gives as normal. However, an orbit of 3600 years would have an average mean distance of 234 AU from the sun, which is well beyond the sun’s heliosphere (95 AU). Today such a distant body would be observable to our instruments and it is not. Honored subjects like the first Sumerian kings are given large numbers for their reigns by multiplying them by 60 so the given orbit of Nibiru is not 3600 but 60 years. The ancient’s used a binary system as in 2 six month years in annual calendars, which makes the orbit of 60 represent 2 orbits of 30 years. This matches the position of the smaller unknown body near Saturn. Nibiru had multiple near encounters with the Earth on March 10th and again on June 8th only 88 days apart in the days of Joshua. This means Nibiru had a 88 degree wide cometary retrograde orbit, traveled 272 degrees after this first near Earth encounter while going towards closest approach to the sun around 34.6 million km and re-encountered the Earth. Nibiru traveled the same distance as a quarter of the Earth’s orbital circumference between first and second near encounter at winter turned to summer solstice, had an average orbit (181/6) just beyond Saturn that went more than 3 million km beyond the average orbit of Uranus. Nibiru could not reach Neptune, which means Triton could not have been this body. Titan is most likely was this freely roaming lost satellite in the planetary solar system, which was caught in its crib by Saturn’s gravity in the 17th century as Saturn's disrupted satellite system suggests.

What then does Planet X represent? For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. It represents the perfect circle retrograde force of Jupiter. This is required in order to balance the motions of all the planets around the sun. At 5 billion km the retrograde force grows to 300 Earth masses matching Jupiter’s direct strength towards the sun at 750 million km. Jupiter’s direct force diminishes to 3 Earth masses at the sun. At the average Jupiter distance of 778.6 million km from the sun is 10.38 units where each unit equals 75 million km. At that standard Mercury is at 3/4, Earth is at 2, and Mars at 3 while at a standard unit measure of 500 million km for the retrograde counter force of Jupiter where the outer planets at greatest distance from the sun give ratios of Saturn 3, Uranus 6, and Neptune 9. The retrograde counter reaction grows to around 2300 earth masses at the heliosphere mirroring the strength of the Birkeland current in dark plasma mode by the hollow sun at 3 earth masses at the sun's surface of liquid metal hydrogen as it travels down at 20 km/s taking 22.1825 Earth years for it to travel the length of the heliosphere exactly 18 times Jupiter’s average distance from the sun (93.6 AU). Planet X of cylinder VA 243 with a 60 Earth year circular retrograde orbit at 90 Earth masses matches the retrograde counter force of Jupiter making the ancient engraving a fully functioning model. The counter outward force field is 6 2/3 units or twice the spinning Jupiter gyro equal and opposite field unit length of 3 1/3 pulling and tugging as they switch back and forth to maintain the direct force field to shrink to 1 unit. This explains a gyro's spinning stability as it can never attain either field extreme position but maintains a constant pull between both extremes. This is the cause of the difference in a plasma drive and Birkeland current counter rotations with current running in both directions.

There are 3 body patterns in the cylinder seal (VA 243) with an enlightening pattern of three lines of 4 bodies each. Top line is Planet X, Venus, Mars, and Mercury. Middle line is Saturn the night sun, the day sun, Earth, and Moon. Bottom line is Jupiter, Nibiru, Uranus, and Neptune. The middle line is most important one because the ancients held the Earth, Moon, sun, and night sun Saturn to be completely different kinds of bodies unlike the other planets. Two unobservable bodies (X & Nibiru) have sun star points intentionally pointed at them. Planet X’s secondary purpose is to represent Saturn as an outside body incoming with its satellites Venus, Mars, and Titan as viewed on Earth. Saturn's interaction with Jove II 60k years ago expelled Jove II out of the sun system while Saturn took its ending placement. The process continued as Saturn later encountered Jupiter, but this event threw the Saturn system directly towards the sun and while near planet D the sun energetically pushed all the planets outwards. This threw Jupiter from 0.3 to 5.2 AU, threw planet D completely out of the planetary solar system and the second node beyond Jupiter's new position. Saturn eventually took the position near the previous heliosphere, which went from 11 AU to 93.6 AU. The nature of the sun’s past planetary system is made clear in the cylinder seal and made easier to see by taking out planet X, the Moon, and Nibiru. That leaves on top planets A, B, and C. Going clockwise the sphere Earth becomes planet D which matches the size of Uranus (15/18 of Neptune), and next in order Neptune, Uranus, Jupiter, and Jove II.

Ancient knowledge about the Sirius system

In Temple’s book “The Sirius Mystery” of 1976 the Dogon knew that Sirius A had an unusual companion in Sirius B with an orbit of 50 years. They also claimed that a planet (C) further out than Sirius B had the same orbital period with a satellite that had intelligent life on it. Now the star Sirius A has a diameter of 1.71 of the sun so the calculate circumference is 7.26 million km with an equatorial rotational period of 42 days. If Sirius B with an average distance of 20 AU is the Jovian position, then Sirius C would be the last outer position at a Keplerian 57.7 D(istance) or 4.8 billion km (32 AU) and 437.5 P(eriod) or 50.4 Earth years. 

 

 

The Grid of Tradition:  Cycles of cosmic near Earth encounters

 

Immanuel Velikovsky's book "Worlds in Collision" (1950) states that major cosmic catastrophes occurred on Earth in the years 776, 747, 717, and 687 BCE. Other major events occurred in the years 1440, 1530, 1529, and 2045 BCE. If these year dates of near Earth cosmic encounters are used to calculate a periodic orbit, it averages 6 orbits around the sun every 181 years or 30 1/6 years (see chart 1 for cycle T). Also attested is that in the event of 747 BCE there were two heavenly bodies close to the Earth besides the Moon. The synchronism of the 747 BCE event, Port Royal June 7th 1692, the Lisbon and Boston earthquakes of November 1755 CE, and other events calculate an orbit for a second lesser body to be 32 orbits around the sun every 1001 Earth years or 31.28125 years (see chart 2 for cycle Y). The two charts calculate the synchronicity of year dates for Earth near encounters found in the chronicles (see index 3). 

 

Chart 1

*******************************************************************

Periodic orbit of Titan encounters with the Earth - Cycle T

* Important historic date  ** When the number of days in a year changed

/ Abrupt change in Earth's axis tilt  //Reversal  /\Double Reverses

 

     BCE                   BCE                  BCE                      CE

     5681               3791               *1893 1/6           **8 1/3

     5651           **3761             *1863                  *38.5

     5621               3731                1832 5/6            *68 2/3

     5591               3701                1802 2/3              98 5/6

     5561               3671                1772.5                129

     5531               3641                1742 1/3            159 1/6

     5501               3611                1712 1/6            189 1/3

     5471               3581                1682                    219.5

     5441               3551                1651 5/6           *249 2/3

     5411               3521              *1621 2/3             279 5/6

     5381               3491                1591.5               *310

     5351               3461                1561 1/3            *340 1/6

     5321               3431              *1531 1/6            *370 1/3

     5291             *3401.5              1501                   *400.5

     5261               3371 1/3         1470 5/6              430 2/3

     5231               3341 1/6 /\/\**1440 2/3           460 5/6

     5201               3311           //*1410.5                *491

     5171               3280 5/6         1380 1/3               521 1/6

     5141               3250 2/3       *1350 1/6             *551 1/3

     5111               3220.5             1320                      581.5

     5081               3190 1/3        *1289 5/6             *611 2/3

     5051               3160 1/6        *1259 2/3             *641 5/6

     5021               3130               *1229.5                 *672

     4991             *3099 5/6        *1199 1/3              702 1/6

     4961               3069 2/3        *1169 1/6            732 1/3

     4931               3039.5              1139                    762.5

     4901               3009 1/3        *1108 5/6             792 2/3

     4871               2979 1/6        *1078 2/3             822 5/6

     4841               2949               *1048.5                 853

     4811               2918 5/6        *1018 1/3             883 1/6

     4781               2888 2/3         *988 1/6              913 1/3

     4751               2858.5               958                     943.5

     4721               2828 1/3          927 5/6               973 2/3

     4691               2798 1/6         *897 2/3            1003 5/6

     4661               2768                *867.5                1034

     4631               2737 5/6         *837 1/3          *1064 1/6

     4601               2707 2/3         *807 1/6            1094 1/3

     4571               2677.5           /*777                    1124.5

     4541               2647 1/3        /*746 5/6            1154 2/3

     4511               2617 1/6         *716 2/3             1184 5/6

     4481               2587             **686.5                  1215

     4451               2556 5/6         *656 1/3             1245 1/6

     4421               2526 2/3         *626 1/6           *1275 1/3

     4391               2496.5             *596                    1305.5

     4361               2466 1/3         *565 5/6             1335 2/3

     4331               2436 1/6          535 2/3              1365 5/6

     4301               2406               *505.5                  1396

     4271               2375 5/6          475 1/3              1426 1/6

     4241               2345 2/3          445 1/6            *1456 1/3

     4211               2315.5              415                 /*1486.5

     4181               2285 1/3          384 5/6              1516 2/3

     4151           **2255 1/6     **354 2/3              1546 5/6 MP

     4121               2125               *324.5                *1577

     4091               2194 5/6          294 1/3              1607 1/6

     4061               2164 2/3          264 1/6              1637 1/3

     4031               2134.5              234

     4001               2104 1/3          203 5/               {1655}

     3971               2074 1/6        *173 2/3

     3941             *2044              *143.5

     3911               2013 5/6        *113 1/3

     3881               1983 2/3            83 1/6

     3851               1953.5            **53

     3821               1923 1/3        **22 5/6

 

*******************************************************************

 

 ******************************************************************

Chart 2

Periodic orbit of body Y encounters with the Earth - Cycle Y

* Important date  **Cycle syncs that caused calendar changes

 

     BCE                     BCE                    BCE                      CE

 

     6003                   4001                  1999                     *4

     5971.71875      3969.71875      1967.71875       *35.28125

     5940.43750      3938.43750      1936.43750       *66.56250

     5909.15625      3907.15625      1905.15625         97.84375

     5877.87500      3875.87500     *1873.87500       129.12500

     5846.59375      3844.59375     *1842.59375       160.40625

     5815.31250      3813.31250      1811.31250        191.68750

     5784.03125      3782.03125      1780.03125        222.96875

     5752.75             3750.75            1748.75             *254.25

     5721.46875      3719.46875      1717.46875       285.53125

     5690.18750      3688.18750      1686.18750      *316.81250

     5658.90625      3656.90625      1654.90625      *348.09375

     5627.62500      3625.62500      1623.62500      *379.37500

     5596.34375      3594.34375      1592.34375      *410.65625

     5565.06250      3563.06250      1561.06250      *441.93750

     5533.78125      3531.78125     *1529.78125       473.21875

    *5502.5              3500.5               1498.5              *504.5

     5471.21875      3469.21875      1467.21875      *535.78125

     5439.93750      3437.93750      1435.93750        567.06250

     5408.65625      3406.65625      1404.65625      *598.34375

     5377.37500      3375.37500     *1373.37500       629.62500

     5346.09375      3344.09375      1342.09375       660.90625

     5314.81250      3312.81250      1310.81250      *692.18750

     5283.53125      3281.53125     *1279.53125   **723.46875

     5252.25             3250.25             1248.25              754.75

     5220.96875      3218.96875      1216.96875       786.03125

     5189.68750      3187.68750      1185.68750       817.31250

     5158.40625    *3156.40625      1154.40625       848.59375

     5127.12500      3125.12500      1123.12500       879.87500

     5095.84375      3093.84375      1091.84375       911.15625

     5064.56250      3062.56250    *1060.56250       942.43750

     5033.28125      3031.28125      1029.28125      *973.71875

     5002                  3000                   *998                *1005

     4970.71875      2968.71875      *966.71875      1036.28125

     4939.43750      2937.43750       935.43750     *1067.56250

     4908.15625      2906.15625       904.15625       1098.84375

     4876.87500      2874.87500       872.87500       1130.12500

     4845.59625      2843.59625       841.59625       1161.40625

     4814.31250     *2812.31250       810.31250      1192.68750

     4783.03125      2781.03125       779.03125       1223.96875

     4751.75             2749.75         **747.75              1255.25

     4720.46875      2718.46875       716.46875       1286.53125

     4689.18750      2687.18750       685.18750       1317.81250

     4657.90625      2655.90625       653.90625     *1349.09375

     4626.62500      2624.62500      *622.62500      1380.37500

     4595.34375      2593.34375      *591.34375      1411.65625

     4564.06250      2562.06250      *560.06250      1442.93750

     4532.78125      2530.78125    **528.78125      1474.21875

     4501.5               2499.5               *497.5             *1505.5

     4470.21875      2468.21875       466.21875       1536.78125

     4438.93750      2436.93750       434.93750       1568.06250

     4407.65625      2405.65625       403.65625       1599.34375

     4376.37500      2374.37500       372.47500     *1630.62500

     4345.09375      2343.09375       341.09375     *1661.90625

     4313.81250      2311.81250       309.81250     *1693.18750

     4282.53125      2280.53125       278.53125       1724.46875

     4251.25           *2249.25       /**247.25            *1755.75

     4219.96875      2217.96875       215.96875       1787.03125

     4188.68750      2186.68750       184.68750     *1818.31250

     4157.40625     *2155.40625       153.40625      1849.59375

     4126.12500      2124.12500      *122.12500      1880.87500

     4094.84375      2092.84375          90.84375      1912.15625

     4063.56250     *2061.56250        59.56250       1943.43750

     4032.28125      2030.28125         28.28125     *1974.71875

     4001                  1999                       4 CE               2006

 

*************************************************************

 

All that is known for sure about Titan early is when it was discovered in orbit around Saturn in 1655. When Galileo was observing Saturn (1610) specifically to find satellites, he failed to find Titan. While failed observations does not prove that Titan was not an orbiting satellite around Saturn at that time, Christopher Scheiner observed a passing body during his observations of Jupiter's satellites in 1612 [1]. Retro-calculations may prove these observations to be telescopic observations of Titan as a free body in the solar system. Important historical dates that synchronize with cycle T of chart 1 are the Exodus (1440 BCE), the first Olympiad (776 BCE), the Era of Nabonassar (747 BCE), the Mongols first invasion of Japan Nov. (20th) 1274 that mysteriously failed, and the comet of 1577 that Tycho and others measured (only the head of the comet not including its tail) was found to be a quarter of the Earth's diameter [2]. The comet of 1577 was Titan as a free body in the planetary solar system.

 

Chart 2 of cycle Y encounters with the Earth after Titan was known to be in orbit around Saturn are June 7, 1692 (1693.18750) Port Royal was destroyed, Nov. 1 and 18 in 1755 (1755.75) the Lisbon and Boston earthquakes, 1788 Schroeter observed a round shadow on the Moon [3], Nov. 8-10, 1819 (1818.31250) unusual weather and electrical discharges over the greater part of the North American continent centered in Montreal known as the "Phenomena of 1819" [4], March 19, 1848 lunar eclipse illuminated blood red [5], March 14, 1879 Russell and Hirst observed that a large part of Moon was covered with dark shade and the sun was eclipsed by an unknown body [6], March 7, 1911 Louisville, Kentucky dark day, and September 28, 1942 (1942.43750) the Yellow River in China overflowed and Russia experienced unusual severe winter creating climatic conditions that caused the famine of 1943 that killed millions in China and India.

 

There is a lot of evidence in history of the close encounters of Titan and body Y with the Earth. However, chronologies lacking exact synchronicity make the task difficult. Historians consider that from Alexander the Great III to the present safe ground chronologically speaking. However, even here there are significant problems. Alexander ruled for 12 years starting from 336 BCE. However, today's conventional date of Alexander's year of death is given as 323 BCE because of a day star appearance that occurred directly after his death which was "interpreted" as an eclipse [7]. Josephus states that all ancient authority agrees that Alexander died on 13 Pharmuthi the 114th Olympiad [8] or Julian June 22, 324 BCE. Moreover, astronomical retro-calculations place no eclipses within that year. The closest retro-calculated eclipse is on May 23, 323 BCE. The end of Alexander the Great (III) is the start of the Era of Alexander (IV) his son is acknowledged as 324 BCE. The year 324 BCE is a Titan encounter year by cycle T (see chart 1). 

 

Philip the Arab was emperor when the secular millennium games of the founding of Rome were celebrated. The celebration did not occur on the traditional founding date of April 21st as it was delayed until July so Philip could get back from his eastern campaign to officiate for the games. Philip arrived first in Rome as emperor on July 23rd [9]. Obviously, this could only occur in Philip's 1st year because any other year would have given him the time to schedule ahead for the games. Moreover, the many animals Philip used in the games were captured by his predecessor [10]. In the conventional (AD) sync at AD 244 demands that the animals were fed and kept alive for four years. As a practical matter this is absurd. It would have cost more to feed the animals for that time interval than it would to have bought them in a timely manner for a planned event. The 1st year of Philip the Arab was 248 CE and not AD 244. A new Era started after a 249 CE cycle T event changed the equinox date to the 20th of the month [11] for 250 CE (AD 246 present usage) {equinox dates were on the 21st of March for the third century}. The cross in heaven that Constantine the Great saw on Sunday August 19th occurred in AD 312 present usage. The year 316 CE is a Vulcan encounter year so the 4 year closer sync is confirmed. The comet of Constantine's death occurred in AD 336 present usage. The year 340 CE is a Titan encounter year. In the 2nd year of Valen (first consulship of Valentinian and his brother) on 369 CE July 21st there occurred an unusually violent thunderstorm, earthquakes, and a tidal wave [12] (AD 365 present usage). The year 370 CE is a Titan encounter year from the chart. Legend states that when Rome fell in the 1163rd year (410 CE) an eclipse of the sun occurred on Saturday the 18th of June before the August (24) domination. Astronomical retro-calculation for eclipses does not indicate any during this period. However, 410 CE is a body Y encounter year from the chart. All this demands that Roman chronology be moved back to its traditional synchronization on the timeline ending the Byzantine Empire at 1457 CE and not AD 1453 as it is given today. The previous sync of 1456 with a known plus or minus a year was in range with its intentionally created error rate. 

The Emperor Claudius celebrated Roman games for the 800th year since the founding of Rome in 48 CE. Gustavus Seyffarth thesis that Suffecti consules for the present consensus chronology for AD 46 and AD 78 were mistaken for consules of the year makes the sync previous to AD 46 six years earlier than in fact they were and not just 4 years. Fortunately, coins of Antoninus celebrate the 900th year of Rome in his 6th year. This matches the traditional sync at 147 CE, which is 4 years closer to our time than the present placement. The Augustus Era held to Cato's founding date of 752 BCE while the latter Roman chronologists used Varro founding date of 753 BCE.

Moving Roman chronology back to its traditional placement also shifts Byzantine chronology forward 4 years. The Justinian plagues in the sixth century depopulated the Roman Empire. The loss of manpower made recovering the empires status in the west impossible. A great earthquake occurred in Justinian's 5th year AD 531 (see index 1 proof 3). The year 535 CE is a body Y encounter year, which agrees with the tree ring date for the beginning of the dust-veil event 536 CE [13]. Irish chronicles date a great plague in AD 543 (551 CE) that depopulated the whole Earth by 1/3 of the human population, another human mortality in AD 664 (672 CE), and an animal mortality in AD 684 (692 CE) [14]. The two people plagues are 121 years apart at the same ratio as cycle T for four of its orbits. The time interval of 20 years between the two cycles T 672 CE and Y 692 CE is also the time interval between the second Irish plague of animal mortality in complete agreement with seventh century cyclic Earth encounters from cycles T in chart 1 and Y from chart 2.

 


References


   1  Ashbrook, Joseph, Sky and Telescope, 42:344-345, 1971.

   2  The Comet of 1577:  Its place in the history of astronomy,
        Hellman, Clarisse Doris, Ph.D., Columbia University Press,
        1944, page 131.

  3   Garrett P. Serviss, "New light on a lunar mystery", Popular
       Science Monthly, 34 (Dec. 1888), page 158-161. 

  4   Anonymous; Scientific American, 44:329, 1881.

  5   Forster, "Remarkable appearances during the total eclipse of
       the Moon on March 19, 1848", Monthly Notices of the Royal
       Astronomical Society, 8, page 132-3.

  6   Henry Chamberlain Russell, "Notes of an astronomical
       experiment made on the Blue Mountains, near Sydney, N.S.W.",
       Observatory, 2 (1879): 370-5, at 375; Richard A. Proctor,
      "A startling astronomical discovery", London Echo, March 14,
      1879, page 1 c.5. 

  7   The Greek Alexander Romance, translated by Richard Stoneman,
       Penguin Books, 1991, Book three, chapter 33, page 157.

  8   Flavius Josephus Against Apion Book 1 section 22.
 
  9   Anon. Val., 2, 2; Vict. de Caes., 40, 2.

 10   Lact. de mort. pers., 26, 2.

 11   Salisbury and Mattingly in JRS, XIV (1924), page 21-23;
        Anon. Val., 2, 4; Eutrop., X, 1, 3; Vict. de Caes., 40, 4.

 12   Ammianus Marcellinus, Book 26, chapter 10, sections 15-19,
        translated by Walter Hamilton, Penguin edition.

 13   Baillie, M.G.L., "Dendrochronology raises questions about the
        nature of the AD 536 dust-veil event.", The Holocene, 4, 2(1994),
        pp. 212-217.
 
 14   Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters translated
        by John O'Donovan, LL.D., M.R.I.A. Barrister at Law, 2nd
        edition V. 1, Dublin 1856 pages 183, 275, and 291.

 *    Immanuel Velikovsky, Worlds in Collision, 1950, New York


Dendrochronology: Hard evidence of cyclical worldwide events by trees


The great Korean historian Ki-Baik Lee places one of the great worldwide events at 535 CE, which agrees with the Irish bog dendrochronology irregular tree ring of 536 CE (Baillie 1994) to the dust-veil event. However, earlier Irish bog lapses into a mysterious `missing' oak gap during the first century BCE (Baillie 1995; _A Slice Through Time_, page 57): "there is no Irish oak material between 95 BC and 13 BC". Are we to be led to believe that oak stopped growing only in Ireland for nearly a century at one point and only one point during hundreds of millennium? Would not such an occurrence have been commented on in the historic annals? There is no such comment in the annals because this gap is simply an artificial creation by an incorrect synchronization with bristlecone pines irregular tree ring signature (1627 BCE) to an Irish event nearly a century later. The Irish annals give an unusual event where 3/4 of the population of Ireland died in the 16th century BCE. With the correct historic sync the end of extended Dorsey chronology is at 9 BCE, which overlaps Teeshan chronology that starts at 13 BCE leaving no gap at all. The arbitrary inclusion of 71 tree rings in the German dendrochronology sequence at 500 BCE (Pilcher, Baillie, Schmidt, and Becker 1984; Schmidt and Freundlich 1984), which was done only to `match' the bristlecone pine sync (1627 BCE), has no basis. In fact the German master sequence again needs to be moved forward for 15 more years from its present placement where it was previously moved forward 26 years [369 to 395 CE] (Hollstein 1980) so it can end at 410 CE, which not only is the traditional year for the sack of Rome (1163rd) but a Y cycle sync event date from the chart. Since the 1627 BCE irregular tree ring signature for bristlecone pine comes from a living chronology, it correlates to the dominate T cycle at a 1621 BCE sync. Both bristlecone pine and Irish bog sequences have within their ring counts double annual tree ring growths for some seasons (see table 1). In order for any double ring growths to have gone unnoticed in the master counts requires such conditions to have been worldwide occurrences affecting more trees than not. [Table 1]

******************************************************************

* * 4377 3199 2911 2354 2345 1626 1159 1141 949   229 *

* * 4270 3097 2811 2254 2248 1529 1077 1059 867# 143#

*_________________________________________________________________

*     107   102   100   100     97     97     82     82   82     86 *

******************************************************************

# tree killing event

Top row is the present Irish bog irregular signature sync dates using the 1627 BCE bristlecone pine synchronization as the cross point. Middle row is cycle sync signature dates BCE a year after the events except for 867 BCE and 143 BCE as tree killing events and pegged to the historic 1530 BCE event affecting the 1529 BCE tree ring. Bottom row is the difference.

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The most significant data for BCE synchronicity in table one is the 18 tree rings between 1159 and 1141 and the 9 rings between 2354 and 2345 because the first markers were evident of environmental stress on the trees, which was not relieved until another event caused the former condition to be changed again. The 18 and 9 ring separations between signatures caused by the different T and Y cycles make it easy to know the correct century they occurred in. The difference between cycle T and V in the twelfth century BCE is 15 years while it is 18 years for the eleventh century BCE at 1078 BCE (T) and 1060 BCE (Y), which upholds the historical target date (1530 BCE) sync. There are 3 years of separation between the two cycles in the 24th century BCE and 6 years separation in the 23rd century BCE. Since there are 9 tree rings separating the beginning of the tree stress (2354) and the narrowest ring in the sequence (2345), the present Irish bog sync (1626) would require 3 years in a row of triple ring growths. The traditional historic sync (1530 BCE) requires only 3 years of double ring growths during 6 years. The 15 ring difference (97 - 82) between the dendrochronological sequence and the cycle signature dates is caused by efforts to synchronize two different tree ring chronologies to events that are nearly a century apart. Bristlecone pine is spot on from living chronologies to the 6th century. However, somewhere between the 536 CE ring and the first century BCE becomes 6 rings more than the year count. The Ides of March (15th day) 37 BCE comet event is placed at a 43 BCE frost ring. No unaccounted for extra ring growths per year in ring counts are evident for bristlecone pine between the frost ring (43 BCE) and the 1627 BCE tree ring for a T cycle event at 1621 BCE or the same 6 year difference of mis-synchronization. The irregular tree ring signatures between bristlecone pine at 1627 BCE and the sync of 1626 BCE in the Irish bog are actually 91 years apart so that by natural extension the sequence constructs between the end of GB2 and start of Teeshan [1], which begins at 13 BCE, are incorrect in sync. Furthermore, the German dendrochronology that synchronized the end of GB2 to its 158 BCE ring instead of 143 BCE has its own sync error of 15 years too far from our own time. The arbitrary extra 71 tree rings added into the mix at 500 BCE increases the sync mismatch to 86 rings (71 + 15 = 86). The near century gap of *missing* Irish oaks between the end of the Dorsey extended chronology (95 BCE) to the beginning of Teeshan (13 BCE) is caused by the incorrect sync. No gap of missing oaks actually exists because Dorsey is connected to GB2, the 207 BCE narrowest ring of the first millennium BCE is a Y cycle signature sync (121 BCE), and the chronology bridges Teeshan by a mere 4 rings ending at 9 BCE. The narrowest ring is 22 rings after the end of GB2 (143 BCE). Kumiholm's Anatolian dendrochronology has 1258, 1140, and 981 BCE ring syncs with match ratings of 4, 4, and 5. However, instead of taking the highest corresponding match sequence in the 981 sync the 1140 match was used in order to sync with the bristlecone pine 1627 BCE narrow ring growth year. The grid indicates that the chronological sync of bristlecone pine 17th century BCE irregular tree ring (1627 BCE) to Kumiholm's free floating chronology is about 2 1/2 centuries off and by this posit will suffer an artificial gap like Irish bog. Despite this incorrect sync in the Anatolian master chronology even its present placements will yield historic dates for trees in the construction of Hittite forts of around 3 centuries closer to our time than today's conventional historic chronologies. The conventional chronology for the Hittite Empire ends at 1200 BCE like many empires in the Middle East, which are dependent on Egyptian dating. The Hittite fort of Tille Huyuk on the Euphrates had its trees cut no earlier than 1123 BCE by Kumiholm's new synchronization, which makes it 3 centuries closer than conventional expectations. Can a fort be built of tree logs a century before the logs were cut? The correct sync is no earlier than 868 BCE. Regardless, the stranglehold of conventional Egyptian chronology is completely destroyed by this single synchronization. The most important information within dendrochronology is that individual tree chronologies have within them irregular tree rings that agree with the grid of tradition cycles of T and Y indicating historic Earth encounters by extraterrestrial agents in the solar system. The markers, irregular tree rings (1159 and 949 BCE), are in the same parameters of traditional historic chronological event cycles. The dendrochronology indicates events 211 years apart (1159 and 949 BCE) with the correct syncs as 1077 and 867 BCE. Of course, the events were 1078 and 867 BCE with common one ring (year) delays in showing affects in the tree ring growths. However, the reaction delayed rings are missing for the 867 BCE and the 143 BCE events because both were tree killing events. The same T cycle periodicity fits within the pattern at 724 years apart with four 181 year cycles.

1 GB2 and Teeshan are long Irish oak bog tree ring chronologies 


Archaeology & Geology Strata

 

Addition by missing layers

One would think nothing could be simpler. The deeper one digs the older the remains are. However, that is not the conventionalists interpretation because layers of around 6 centuries that includes the whole ancient Persian period that history tells us occurred between the Roman and the Neo Babylonian layers are missing except in Iran itself. How could such a result in fact occur? Obviously, it cannot. The problem must be caused by scholarly misinterpretation of the age of the ground layers with their items found in them. If this is not so, then we have a problem of cosmic proportions. Two opposing views cannot both be correct. Either traditional Greek history is real or it is made up. Iran's archaeology states without question that the kings of that period existed for the time traditionally given. The alternatives are that the remains for these missing layers were removed to outlining regions, something that occurs nowhere else in archaeology, by later civilizations before Roman times or that the natural processes operated in all regions except Iran for 6 centuries. Both ideas are completely preposterous. Traditional Greek history is firmly established well into the 8th century BCE. The Babylonians, Hebrews, and other sources make it plain. The Egyptian tradition of a Persian occupation fully and independently confirms it. Why would the proud Egyptians confirm a humiliating occupation of their nation if this period of history is all made up by the Greeks? New layers of earth are laid down by nature the same way in all regions. However differently layers can be laid down from one another they certainly are not directed by national geographic boundaries. Yehoshua Etzion in using an independent meter or yard stick for Israeli archaeology and not the conventional Egyptian dating system has shown that the accepted traditional history directly earlier than the Roman layers is evident. Instead of going from the start of the Roman period directly to the end of the kingdom of Judea, skipping the Persian period entirely, he shows that the period of Hasmonean and Ptolemaic are present along with the missing Persian strata during the Iron Age, which started in the late part of the 8th century BCE instead of 1200 BCE. All other regions begin their Iron Age at around 600 BCE. Only chronologies dominated by Egyptian dating suggest Iron Ages of smelting during much earlier times. As such the uniform break in Middle Eastern chronologies at 1200 BCE is purely an artificial construct. A false chronological construct forcefully imposed on archaeological layers requires a reordering of the actual layers by the addition of nonexistent `missing' layers within strata. Journal articles define this kind of sequencing as `not unexpected defects of normal strata'.

Archaeological sites are time capsules of past activity. Cities have varying periods of activity. This makes judging a sites period relative to others more art than science. The name Ramesses is in three distinct dynastic periods in traditional chronology; during the early dynastic period, the 19th and 20th dynasties where periods of separation between them are substantial. Between the early dynastic Ramesses and Ramesses II are near 2 millennium. Over a hundred and fifty years between the end of the 18th dynasty and Ramesses II and near the same period between the end of the 19th dynasty and Ramesses III. In the present conventional chronology Ramesses are not acknowledged in the early dynastic period, little of any time stands between the end of the 18th dynasty and Ramesses II, nor much time between the end of the 19th dynasty and Ramesses III. However, the actual archaeological strata between the end of the 18th dynasty and Ramesses II and the end of the 19th dynasty and Ramesses III better fits the traditional chronological periods that separate them.

Factual worldwide disruptions within the archaeological stratum have occurred 6 times. Schaeffer's first of 6 events end at Early Bronze Age III, the end of the Early Bronze Age, end of the Middle Bronze Age (where a long hiatus is placed), end of the Late Bronze Age II, end of the Bronze Age and start of the Iron Age, and the third century CE. A problem is that these actual worldwide disruptions have no ideological basis to exist within consensus beliefs. The time periods assigned to each event at any site is done not by depth and order but by artifacts tied to an Egyptian chronology. Dependency on circular logic is the forge of the day. As such the actual disruptions are denied their status as worldwide time markers. However, we now know that the end of the Early Bronze Age and start of the Middle Bronze Age occurred at the fall of Ur III and the rise of the Middle Kingdom of Egypt. That puts a real date on the event at 2045 BCE, which means the first event is the Curse of Akkad in the year 2255 BCE for the end of Early Bronze Age III. This framework is supported by other independent sources. However, a very unusual and long hiatus is put at the end of the Middle Bronze Age for 5-7 centuries. The next 3 events are positioned only by Egyptian chronology and all the other chronologies are force fit to a most unusual and prolonged hiatus without any historic source of it actually having occurred. The end of the Bronze Age is put at 1200 BCE, which is 6 centuries too early. The New kingdom began the Late Bronze Age at the end of the second millennium BCE. The Bronze Age ends where the Iron Age begins at around 600 BCE. The last of these 6 worldwide disruptions in the archaeological layers occurred in the year 249 of the Common Era.

If the Middle East had in fact began its iron age at 1200 BCE, would not these kinds of artifacts be in evidence in other regions of the world? Trade would spread them from region to region. However, there is no evidence of smelted iron anywhere except the Middle East earlier than 600 BCE. Isaac Newton spent the greater part of his life working on a revised chronology for Egypt and the other associated countries that put the New Kingdom 4 centuries closer to our time than today's conventional system. More resent two other systems making Egyptian New Kingdom chronology 2 or 3 centuries closer have been developed. However, it is Velikovsky's 5 1/2 century resynchronization for the Egyptian New Kingdom proposed in the middle of the 20th century that supports an Iron Age placement for the Middle East which is in agreement with the rest of world's archaeology.

The reconstruction of traditional ancient history and chronology is based on a starting date of 3398 BCE, which supports the known historical narrative and placements. However, such placements are only helpful to the archaeologist if the ancients created truthful historic narratives with discernible synchronic systems. There are other traditional starts such as 2254 BCE, which greatly compresses the narrative history making multiple dynastic placements contemporaneous ("Compendium of World History", Hoeh, 1967 edition). However, it is made clear that the date of 2254 BCE was altered by a year from 2255 BCE because the reigns of the king list was short by a single year.

However, down grading the traditional narrative with a 3398 BCE starting point in the chronology to 2254 BCE makes it so that there is no Persian empire nor Medes for Alexander the Great (III) to conquer the world. Heinsohn on the other hand suggests that the problem is a doubling the length of the time of the strata. The conventional framework of 54 centuries would need to be halved and double the depth strata to cover the ruins that starts with Cyrus II in 576 BCE. If this was correct, it would mean earlier history is fake. It would mean that Jesus was born around 700 CE at the start of the Iron Age. The Roman Republic could not have been Iron Age but a Bronze Age civilization. Also, the end of the Judah of Zedekiah would have been contemporary with Constantine the Great. To implement this frame would require a completely new chronology which nobody has in any serious way suggested. To do so would mean the archaeology measure would become 2 feet deep per millennium, which would alter the age of the Earth's crust by half to only 47.5 million years for the average of 18 miles deep.

The early historic weakness of archaeology in the sciences left it without the psychological power to demand much of anything from the other disciplines. To overcome a lack of comprehensive dating the discipline adopted a very reliable internal system of dating pottery ages to compensate. However, no systematic attempt at double blind carbon dating has been performed for the whole range of time with the same kinds of Egyptian artifacts because it was deemed unnecessary to do so. Even when clusters of time periods have been performed the results were almost never published if they fail to get expected results. The study of archaeology will continue, exactly as it is consciously and unconsciously designed to do, to only be a psychological hindrance in accepting the fact of and meaning of worldwide catastrophes. The block this represents to chronological studies cannot be overstated.


Geological Epochs:  Cycles, depth, and heat

 

What causes boundary layers in the ground? What distinctions occur that can make differentiating layers in the Earth? Geological time in decreasing order is:  eon, era, period, epoch, and age. There are ages in epochs, epochs in periods, periods in eras, and eras in eons. Tom van Flandern's calculation of 3.2 million years for the orbital parameters of the new comet creation event [1] suggests that the measuring stick of geology is off by more than an 80 fold factor putting the event at the start of the Triasic Era. The Jurassic period corresponds to when Earth was cut into two exact halves. These results match much better to the calculated age of sediments of the oceans at an average of about 100 million years (Tompkins 1971). Lord Kelvin's thermodynamic calculation gave a 2 to 20 million year result for the age of the Earth. After radioactivity was discovered the heat calculation increased to 20 to 200 million years for an average medium age of again about 100 million years. Since the Earth’s crust is on average only 18 miles (29 km) deep, the depth limit calculates a range of around 95 million years for the crust agreeing with the average measurements of Tompkins and Lord Kelvin adjusted. The archaeological measure of a foot per millennium limits the oldest Cambrian layers to being less than 10 million years and not it’s given half a billion years.

What exactly is the Earth's structure? From wave soundings the Earth is either a solid 12,000 km (8,000 mile) diameter sphere with the strength of steel or only a 3,200 km (2,000 mile) thick shell. Neither of the two models has more legitimacy over the other despite that fact a solid non cavity Earth is taken as the norm by consensus science. However, the gravity center of the Earth Moon system is only 1,600 km (1,000 miles) under the Earth's surface, which just happens to be a quarter of the sphere and half the shell depth. If the Earth was completely solid, the gravity center of the Earth Moon system would be very near the Earth's center about 6,000 km (4,000 mile) deep since the Earth is over 80 times the mass of the Moon. The barycenter model is then a reflection of a hollow sphere. Ancient sources offer the interesting notion that the Earth is layered like an egg with a central hollow cavity: 

     "...Earth was much greater than the present, higher and more
     advanc'd into the Air:  That it was smooth and regular in its
     surface, without Mountains or Valleys, but hollow within..." [2].

This notion completely changes the density distribution of the Earth where the lesser dense layers move outward towards both the outer and the inner surface from inside the cavity. Layers would be distributed from the central densest layer 1,600 km or a thousand miles deep from the outermost surface exactly midway between the outer surface and inner cavity surface, which is where sounding waves diverge two thousand miles down matching the Earth/Moon gravity center. The machine sounding wave evidence better fits the traditional cavity model and its internal density distribution [3]. Even Earth's shape is not as it seems. The poles fall inward and are not rounded tops as was observed by of the lunar eclipse of 1887 August 3rd 9:30 PM local time Hamburg [4] (see diagram 1). The diagram of Earth's shadow (lunar eclipse) does not indicate where the center of the shadow is so it's not possible to calculate the latitude of the flattening, except approximately. However, the magnetic field, which has two poles on either side of the great divide that splits the Earth in two, comes together on its own sides about 60 degrees latitude for both the north and south poles. Two magnetic poles at each geological pole were first proposed by W. Weinberg in 1937. The poles fall inward from the inside. However, man's belief that the Earth is a sphere tricks his depth perception into viewing an inward crater as a mound. The Arizona crater (Barringer Meteorite Crater) when viewed from directly on top looks exactly like a dome. 

 

 

                           [diagram 1]


Halton Arp indicates that distance measurements for the visible universe are ten or a hundred times too great. Reducing distance that astronomical objects are from all other points reduces their age by the same factor. The present age estimate for our universe of 13.7 billion years is dependent on the big bang theory of expansion. However, Doppler redshift of light is not a measure of distance but of age in a static non-expanding universe. In that case only our own galactic age would be what was being measured. The age of the universe cannot be measured by the data points being used. No basis is available yet to measure the age of our universe.

However, the main question becomes where did all this extra material of soil come from that created new layers of Earths geological column? If it came from lower levels of the Earth, then previous layers in the crust would be missing. However, that is not what is generally found even while disruptions are found. Moreover, ruins are found as mounds covered with earth as if the dirt was thrown on them from on top evenly. Top soil moving from place to place could not bury the entire planet as occurs without destroying previous layers. Where does this extra soil come from at the rate of a foot per millennium? Is the Earth growing at this rate? Samuel Warren Carey thought so as he indicated in his book _The Expanding Earth_ (1976). Does soil fall from space at that rate? The entire galaxy is becoming denser at every conceivable level in the flow of time. Arp Halton comments that mass creation is episodic and that "all the lessons in cosmic evolution ...have pointed to quantization on all scales with rapid evolutionary jumps between them" [5]. A galaxy that suddenly and dramatically decreased its velocity would affect the Birkeland current flow within itself and increase its density and mass. Galactic velocity and mass represent a simple ratio where more mass means less velocity and vice versa. However, the energy total remains the same. The age difference between the highest redshifted matter and the oldest new matter is 3 million years [6]. Earth and all planetary solar systems are slowly increasing in mass and density. When the velocity of the galaxy reaches the tipping point, it shifts to a lower quantum value. A sudden change in a planets environment and even gravity value may occur causing the mass extinction of plants and animals that are no longer viable in the radically changed new geological era. The longer the duration between changes in the values within the galaxy the greater extent the extinction becomes for local planets. Historic chronologies denoting a change in _World Eras_ occurred during the last quarter of the 32nd century BCE. Hindu sources indicate an exact year by a yuga cycle of 1200 years for the mid Holocene event at 3119 BCE, which can also be independently calculated by other traditions [see index 1 proof 1]. Dodwell found a 1200 year oscillation for Earth's magnetic strength [7]. However, it is not intended to suggest this particular cycle is in correlation. It is given only to point out that rhythms of nature do exist with this harmonic cycle.

The events that created boundaries for all of the geological strata are much closer to us in time. Earlier geological eras require on average an 80 fold reduction for their time passage, which matches the Flandern's orbital calculation of 3.2 million years as its mean from galactic quantum velocity downshifts every 3 million years.  By this we can see that the Cambrian began a mere 6.2 million years ago, The middle of that column 3 million years later at 3.2 million years at Flandern's event, again 3 million years to the start of 90% of new mammals including man a mere 200 thousand years ago, the night sun Saturn entry event 66k years ago made possible by a change in cosmic function, Earth polar reversal 60k years ago, reversal 45k years ago, Deluge reversal 38.3k years ago, another CCF event 34k and 25k given as 23k before the 3rd year of Alexander (III) the Great at the reign of Helios, a postulated reversal at 16497 BCE, a CCF 9.7k, the last historical reversal at 1409 BCE June 8th, and a CCF when Roman mortar lost its strength after the dedication of Valen's aqueduct in 376 CE. The Holocene is actually a different measure of the same ground starting at the sinking of Atlantis where the middle Holocene gravity change event 51.5 centuries ago in 3119 BCE and a near Earth encounter at the end of EBA III in 2255 BCE at the start of a 6 year interregnum in the king list of Egypt. Moreover, the condition of the Earth is not in a natural state. The Earth was cut north/south into two equal parts 2.5 million years ago, which allowed Earths single land mass to separate into many portions and drift into other regions. Since only an artificial laser could cut the Earth into two exact halves as occurred, it requires intelligent actors to account for these facts.

 * The Deluge year 36,357 BCE is not a mistake for the record date of 36,358 BCE while other dates of Earth polar reversals are (16497 BCE) of the Olduvai which is not given by the establishmen and first acknowledged as an incursion at 17k and now 18k BP years ago.

 

                                             GEOLOGICAL COLUMN    

 

Era              Period           Epoch     (millions of years geo)    actual

 

Cenozoic   Quaternary   Holocene                                           .0117                9568 BCE 

                                                   Meghalayan                           .0042                2255 BCE 

 

                                          Tarantian                0.126                 .0017                375 CE CCF

                                          Chibanian               0.781                 .0097              7751 BCE CCF

                                                     Olduvai                                                        18.5k BP

                                                     Calabrian     2.0                      .025             23334 BCE CCF

                                            Pliestocene            2.7                      .034              34k   BP CCF

                                                     Karena                                                        36357 BCE 

                                                    Piacenzian     3.6                      .045              45k   BP 

                                                                                                     .060              60k   BP 

                   Tertiary           Pliocene                  5.3                      .066              66k   BP CCF

                                                       Laughian   15.5                     .2                 200k  BP 

                                            Miocene               24                         .3

                                            Oligocene             36                        .45

                                            Eocene                  52                        .65

Mesozoic                             Paleocene            65                         .8

                    Cretaceous                                 145                        1.8

                    Jurassic                                       201                       2.5

Triasic                                                             252                        3.2

Palaeozoic     Permian                                    299                        3.8
                        Carbonifer Penn                     359                        4.5

Mississippian                                                  419                        5.3
                        Silurian                                    443                        5.5

Ordovician                                                       485                        6
Cambrian                                                         500                        6.2

 

  1   Tom van Flandern, _Dark Matter, Missing Planets, and New Comets_, 

        1999, page 435.

  2   Francisco Patricio; _Della Rhetorica degli Antichi_:
       Printed at Venice, 1562.  Cited by Burnet in his 1699
       edition of _The Sacred Theory of the Earth_.

  3   Jan Lamprecht, _Hollow Planets_, 1998, end of chapter 3.

  4   Malet, H. P.; _The Lunar Eclipse of August 3_, Nature, 36:413, 1887.

  5   Halton Arp, _Seeing Red_, 2001, page 268.

  6   Halton Arp, _Seeing Red_, 2001, page 110. 

 
  7   Dodwell, _Magsat down:  Magnetic Field Declining_,

       117 Sci. News (1980), 407.


 

 

Year & Moon Counts: Universa Terra


Since our traditions and myths indicate that the Earth and other planets were disturbed in their orbits by significant extraterrestrial bodies and or dynamics, we would expect that Earth's average distance from the Sun to have suddenly changed periodically. The Earth was moved from its pivot, which is confirmed by the records of nature. However, there is no orbital residue as expected from these kinds of occurrences. Past observers have noted a vast array of tricks planets perform then later act as if nothing had ever happened in the first place [1]. This indicates that dead gravity (non-charge) model of our planetary solar system does not describe the operating dynamics of close Earth encounters. Today's gravity model dismisses planetary encounters because such dynamics would ballistically throw both bodies completely out of the planetary solar system. However, planetary disruptions have occurred as a cursory view of Earth and Mars show unmistakable marks of the exchanges of planetary discharges and scaring called thunderbolts. The Venus Tablets clearly indicate Venus' orbit was disturbed and then quickly came back as if nothing had happened at all. The magnetotail of Venus nearly reaches to the Earth and the push the system generates suggests that the planets are at distances from each other by least resistance. Aristotle's idea that mass attracts mass as a universal constant has no known causation while measurement of G actually fluctuates.


The oldest source for a calendar is from the Hindu Mahabharata (3156 BCE) period that makes it clear that a 12 month 30 day solar year of 360 days was being used (ancient counts were originally lunar). However, the month is also clearly not 30 days of length. The star count (mansions) is 27 so the length of the Moon period was 27 to 28 of these `days'. On average the calculation gives 27.65 `days' and where the Full Moon (FM) is commonly on the 14th or 15th day when the Age of the Moon was on average 14 days 18 hours and 6 minutes. Sources also exist for a calendar reform of 3761 BCE Oct 7th. The founding year is placed on three different years or plus or minus a year from 3762 BCE, which middle position is used in AM dating. What exactly that reform was is not known. Reliable ancient calendar data and texts exists with statements that years used to consist of 360 days after the Exodus and only 354 days before. In "The Book of Sothis" under the 32nd king Aseth, it states "This king added the 5 intercalary days to the year: in his reign, they say, the Egyptian year became a year of 365 days, being previously reckoned as 360 days only." The astronomical arrangements of the planetary orbits as described in the last portion of the Panchasiddhantika shows that the orbital year did once consist of 360 days. Fermor and Reade's calculations and conclusions have shown it was not really the year that was shorter. The calculation indicates that the days were longer [2]. Aristotle states that 1/5 of a year was 72 days [3]. Before the Exodus calendars consisted of 354 and 355 days [4]. At the time of Hezekiah, who was a contemporary of Numa the reformer of the Roman calendar, years began to have 365 days [5]. Thales the Milesian of the seventh century BCE was the first to calculate a year of 365 days [6] and it was not until the 9th year of Ptolemy III (247 BCE) where a leap day was added to a calendar of 365 days in the Decree of Canopus [7]. These changes cannot be only cultural calendar reforms as many cultures all around the world made the same changes during the same periods. Mayan calendar calculations seem to indicate greater calendar day counts earlier than indicated above for the seventh and mid fourth century BCE. However, both are in fact a full cycle too early. The calendar Kaminaljuyu (433 BCE) with a cycle of 83 years is one full cycle earlier from the first year that needed an extra day (433 BCE –83 = 350 BCE) four years after the disturbance of T cycle (354 BCE). The same is true for calendar A of 739 BCE with a cycle of 52 years (739 BCE - 52 = 687 BCE) for the first year of 365 days neat. Both calendars confirm the years of disturbance as being 687 BCE and 354 BCE. The Mayan calendar calculations are seemingly backwards because they subtract extra leap days forward and then add a full score at the end of the count. However, the Mayan calendar does not begin from an actual era event because the future end date is the Era and counts are done from the future winter solstice of 2012 CE December 21st backwards into the past. This clarifies the adding of a full score of leap days towards the future and subtracting leap day methodology and the miss synchronizing of their new calendar starts by those that worked them forward rather than a backwards method.


Past calendar reforms have represented actual displacements of Earth's orbit and changes in the number a days per orbit while retro-calculations need to be adjusted before 1440 BCE for the length of orbit. Years of 365 and 1/4 day rotations began in 354 BCE in a Titan encounter year. Years of 365 days precede beginning from March 23, 687 BCE [8]. Before that, years of 360 days began from the 14th of Abib 1440 BCE. Years of 354 and 355 day calendars preceded beginning during the early teen years of Jacob when Abraham had one more year to live. The calendar reform of 3761 BCE (an early Titan cycle event) a new spring equinox date for 3760 BCE was the start of 25 year cycles (Victorian) for Sirius (Dog) star risings. Years are estimated at around 350-360 days previous to the 20th century BCE. There are numbers given in diverse traditions that offer ranges from 200 to 447 rotations per year. The Palermo Stone has 320 for a year [9]. The old Roman year of 304 days is no longer out of range. The ancient ten month year kept its form when an additional month was added making one month as long as 60 days or a year of eleven months. The Old Chronicle gives such numbers as 30,000 years, 3,984 years for 12 gods, 217 years for 8 demigods, and 443 for 15 generations. From the Deluge record date (36,358 BCE) minus 30,000, 217, and 443 equals the 22nd Sothic cycle or 5,698 BCE. However, the formula includes an additional 3,984 years, which means this could be a coincidence. However, the number as a late interloper could be an effort to place the start of the New Kingdom in the systems 1718 BCE position or 7 centuries earlier than in fact. The breakdown of the numbers offer a year of 332 days ' (3984/12), a month of 27.125 (217/8) days', and (443/15) 29.5333... day month for latter times. There is evidence of 28, 27, and 26 `day' months (M.B. 6.3.29 "The Moon and the Sun have been eclipsed in one month at an interval of 13 days."), and years of 360 days before the 7th century BCE after the Exodus and previously in the 32nd century BCE [10] and before.


Changes in Earth's number of days per year have occurred, which reverted back to previous values in both short and long termed cycles. However, these changes can be extremely difficult to detect. A most dramatic change was the 31 year period between 24 BCE and 8 CE, during the time when Jesus was born, where years were again only 365 days neat (without leap days). Augustus simply ceased adding leap days to the calendar from his 13th year (25 BCE) to his 49th year (12 CE) for 12 cycles of triennia or 36 years as Macrobius states. These facts have led those upholding uniformitarian beliefs of Earth's rotation rate to hypothesize that the plain actions of Augustus were caused by a mistake in previous leap day placements at every third year. However, that is an impossible occurrence. Hipparchus of Nicaea had already worked out an exact way to measure the length of a sidereal year in the 2nd century BCE. If this kind of mistake had occurred (assuming a 365.25 day year), it would only take four leap day insertions at 3 year intervals instead of the Common Era 4 year intervals until the calendar year would show itself to be off by near 1 full degree from the standard star references and easily measured by any layman to be a full day off the calendar equinox date. Moreover, the Roman Julian 365 1/3 day calendar was correct for the period. A measurement of 365 1/3 was performed with record sources in Babylon, China, and India. The Pitamaha Siddhanta gives the length of the year as 365 days 21 ghati and 25 pala, which adds up to an extra 8 hours and 34 minutes. Oenepidus approximation was 22/59 or 8 hours 57 minutes. While this new Roman calendar (365.33) was in operation for a short duration from the first triennia leap day calendar of 37 BCE to the last in 25 BCE adds an additional five leap days. Calendric back counts would be correct for a 28 year period from 52 BCE to 24 BCE. Since the calendar reform of Numa added an inter-calculation every 2nd year, the new Roman calendar of the 7th century BCE was like the common 360 day calendars of the period with 10 day insertions every other year. Like the 365 day calendar of the Egyptians the equinox dates moved retrograde one day per 4 years in this era. After 298 years (350 BCE to 52 BCE {T cycle}) the movement of retrograde days was 74.5 days at 25 leap day insertions per century. Added are triennia from 52 BCE with the first triennia leap day at 49 BCE, then 46 BCE, 43 BCE, and 40 BCE before the year of confusion (38 BCE) resets a new calendar equinox date for 37 BCE. The disturbance of 52 BCE generated 4 more extra leap days for its period and when added with the 74 leap day insertions since the first in 350 BCE. This is the amount added in the Roman year of confusion of 38 BCE at 443 days or an additional 78 days to a 365 day calendar. The first instituted Julian year of 37 BCE was a leap year. The natural rotation added a leap day for 23 BCE by a half day from 54 to 52 BCE and half a day between 26 BCE and the disturbance (earthquake) of 24 BCE. It is possible by these records to calculate an exact day count of the Exodus 14 Nisan 2321 AM - Julian 14 March 1440 BCE - 1 Pachon) and the start of the 354 day calendar (354.2) with a leap day every 5 years, which was in force from the start of the last year of Abraham so the Exodus occurred in a leap year.


The Ethiopian Calendar Era begins in year 8 of the Common Era (CE) after Earth's rotation rate came back to the previous count of 365 1/4 days per year. The Julian calendar restarted leap years from year 12 of the Common Era without laps, while equinox date went without retrograde movement from the mid fourth century BCE until the 8th century [11] except for the disturbance of 249 CE. Orbital precession altered the equinox dates from the 8th century CE onwards at one day per 3 centuries. The change in Earths astronomical rotation rate from 365.25 days to 365.24219 days in the 8th century created a new and different count of `days' for the Moon making the Damaskine palm reform of AD 743 necessary in order to calculate future Easter and other calendar dates. After this reform the ancient eclipses in the annals were recalculated to fit the new 8th century astronomical values of the Moon. Chinese historians recalculated the eclipse placements on the time line of previous dynasties to fit what are now the present chronological structures. However, the actual records did not agree with astronomical retro-calculations. The single eclipse record of the Assyrian Empire `dated' in the 3rd month of Siwan for year 763 BCE June 15th, which is deemed the same as the Babylonian month Simanu, occurred on the Earth as far as calculations are concerned. However, the actual year placement is 749 BCE and the astronomical retro-calculated eclipse of that year is on the other side of the hemisphere. There are records that agree with astronomical retro-calculated Moon phases, which means that the Moon's orbital paths have tracks that it can revert back to after disturbances alter its orbital path. Josephus' only lunar eclipse in year 8 of the Common Era (March 10th 10:01 PM Jerusalem local time) agrees with today's astronomical retro-calculation as a Full Moon only.


The Earth has a propensity to revert back to its average distance from the Sun even after significant disturbances occurred. What then is the cause of the different number of days in a year in past calendars if the distance the Earth is to the Sun is not the factor? A possible cause could be changes in Earths orbital incline to the Suns equator. The Earth now orbits at a 7 degree incline to the Suns equator at closest and furthest approaches, which is the greatest of all the planets. Most planets are only inclined on average 4 to 5 degrees while some are much less. Different inclines to the Sun make for different density values for the ion current of the Sun (solar wind) because the space or volume the planet occupies, box like, becomes larger or smaller with the planets incline to the Sun. Also the planet tail pushes another planet further out into a greater orbit. Birkeland current flows help explain planetary orbits & rotation and right handedness in nature.


Past Moon day counts are as diverse as Earth year day counts during the same period of historical disturbances. However, one more ancient and far more dramatic is indicated to have occurred in 5114 BCE when the "Moon waxed beyond reckoning" (Aegyptiaca). Babylon documents state that the Sun was only 2/3 of the diameter of the Moon in the past unlike today with its one to one (1:1) apparent ratio with the Sun. Gold points out that the Moons tidal bulge is appropriate for a greater proximity to the Earth [12]. Such a change from 2/3 to 1/1 would put the Moons average distance at only 250,000 km (today's 384,400 km) with an average 14 `day' count for its orbit. Is this the origin for the Egyptian week of 14 days? The Earths rotational rate changes also changed the number of `days' that calculate a Moon count with unchanging average distance and period. The near 29 1/2 day counts for the Moon are the best documented in the records. However, in the middle of the historic 2nd millennium BCE are 30 full day counts documented after the Exodus, which continued until the seventh century BCE when the count came back to its previous 29 1/2 day counts. Egyptian records state; "Saites added 12 hours to the month, to make its length 30 days; and he added 6 days to the year, which thus comprised 365 days." [13] The record is said to be in error in giving 6 days as the number that was added to the new calendar. They would change 6 to 5. However, no 365 day calendar incorporated an actual 30 full day month. Josephus states that Saites was the founder of the Shepherd king dynasty where the invasion of Egypt by the Shepherd kings was placed by Velikovsky during the Exodus when the calendar changed from a 354 day calendar to a 360 day year calendar or a 6 day increase. Moreover, only the 360 day calendar has a full 30 day month, which takes the 365 day calendar out of the contest. Clearly, the mistake is not with the 6 days in the record but with the number 365 which needs to be 360 for the calendar era. Previous to these changes 28 and 27 day counts for the Moon were used while 26 day counts also exist. The Mayan calendar used a 13 day count (half count) in its sacred calendar calculations of a Venus year of 260 days while the origin of the day count is based on an actual past Earth orbit.


P. Bicknell indicates that the Moon did not disappear completely in the first century of the Common Era. The minimum apparent diameter of the Moon calculated by Ptolemy is so large that annular eclipses would be impossible. The ancient Babylonian records indicate a closer track and orbit of the Moon in the past while the Sun maybe shrinking in size. In Henry III 35th year the records state `On the 13th day of March, the New Moon was seen, where as the prime change by natural course should not have been till the 15th day following; and for the space of 15 days that then the next ensued, the sun, the moon, and stars appeared of a red color' [14]. Drought was the outcome when the New Moon occurred 2 days earlier than expected. However, astronomical retro-calculation of a March New Moon in 1252 is March 11th 22:57 UTC and not the 15th or the 16th day, which hours in the day were very near the 17th day that the 1580 edition of the chronicle used. Also on record for the 36th year of Henry III "About the beginning of Lent, the new moon was seen four days before it ought to have appeared by her due and common course" [15]. Lent started on March 2nd in the year 1253. However, astronomical retro-calculation for a new moon is March 1st for that year. In both cases the Moon came back to its previous course. However, the Moon phases make no sense even when the chronology is shifted one year closer to our time. With a sync of 1254 CE for the 36th year of Henry III the New Moon occurred on the 7th of March, which makes sense with the Lent date and data. However, the astronomical retro-calculation for the year 1254 is March 20th 10:57 UTC. In 1326 CE the vernal equinox occurred on March 17th and not the 18th. After this event occurred, the Russian Nicephorus Gregoras proposed a new calendar reform.


Uniformitarian’s have some bleak choices. In the case of the AD 1252 record date the astronomical retro-calculation of a New Moon on March 11th, the stated early March 13th occurrence, the expected date and non-occurrence on the 15th, or agree that the year sync is off by one year too far with a New Moon occurrence that by today's astronomical retro-calculation switches New and Full Moon phase positions. Of course, they will choose none and go back to sleep.


The detailed astronomical records of ancient Babylon of the 3rd thru 1st centuries BCE, which include eclipses that calculate the Moons period at a second less per day than today's value. However, an actual Julian astronomical year of 365.25 days for a year compared to today's value of 365.24219 days represents a second of time increase for a daily slower rotation or a 6 minute per year decrease. This counterbalances Hipparchus of Nicaea measurement of Earth’s year being 6 minutes 15 seconds greater from today's value. The so called mistakes cancel each other out. If the orbital period for the Earth and Moon remained constant, changes in the rotation rate would produce different `day' counts for a year and Moon cycle. The ancient astronomical Babylon records of eclipses of the 3rd thru 1st centuries BCE only fit properly within the context of an actual astronomical 366.25 `days' per orbit. The extra day is uncounted in the calendar by the Earth going back around the Sun once per orbit. Ptolemy's Almagest systematic `error' was 20' while Ulugh Beg was 10'. Astronomical retro-calculations generate these `errors' since they do not `fit' expected values. However, when all the different values of the past measurements are back calculated all the way to Ptolemy's numbers, they fit to the very last decimal. This means they are not observational errors but actual values. Observational errors would not be systematic all going in one direction nor fit together going backwards in time in a coherent manner as they in fact do.


Antoninus Pius issued coins with New Age Era symbols in his 2nd year (143 CE) and 6th year (147 CE). The 2nd year coins celebrate the ancient Sothic Era starting from the Deluge 36,500 years previously (36,358 BCE) while his 6th year coins celebrate a new Sothis Era 500th year (353 BCE) from his own age [16]. This new Sothic era was begun after 36 thousand years had passed since the Deluge. In the book "Sun, Moon, and Sothis", by Lynn Rose, page 100, Rose deconstructs Theon's Annotator with six errors; 1st, Thoth 1 plus 329 days equals Epeiphi 30 and not 29 as given; 2nd, the number 21 is never explained; 3rd, add 5 is never explained; 4th, the year 384 is made a premise when there is no need to; 5th, output restricted to year 384 when it is true for any year; and 6th, triennia overlooked. Rose also made the interesting comment that the annotator may not have understood the system he himself was writing about. However, if points 1, 4, and 5 are generally correct in principle, then Antoninus Pius reset Thoth 2 as Thoth 1 in his 2nd year (143 CE) at the end of the ancient Egyptian Sothis Era in order to make a New Sothis Age to begin on Thoth 1. With two Thoth 1's and counting from the first Thoth 1 makes points 1, 4, and 5 correct except that the premise and restriction to a single year is correct for the 2nd year (143 CE) of Antoninus Pius and not year 388 CE. This would also explain why the Almagest star catalogue that is calculated using the Egyptian calendar dating system without the new Antoninus' "1st Thoth" Age seems to be a day off. The plain statements of Ptolemy that he made his own star observations are true. The star data of Hipparchus of 3 centuries earlier equaling a day of precession difference were not used.


Universa Terra is a term denoting a total eclipse of the Sun that can be viewed at the same moment anywhere on the Earth (Sun side). However, the Moon is incapable of such a phenomenon. The Moons direct shadow on Earth can project only a small 100 km (67 mile) wide trail with a total eclipse trail on Earth's surface of 300 km (200 mile) wide trail to view totality at different and short time intervals around the globe. The Moon while in front of the Sun during a total solar eclipse cannot be viewed to be a total eclipse globally. The view is only partial outside the width of the 200 mile wide central trail. The question is how could such a concept ever come about? It could not unless there was another body with an intersecting orbit with the Earth getting in front of the Sun relative to the Earth. Records of eyewitness accounts do in fact exist of such phenomena. January 26th, 1153 CE the Sun was eclipsed when the Moon was outside the Sun. June 23rd, 1191 CE a solar eclipse on the 17th day of the Moon (only a New Moon [29th-1st day] can eclipse the Sun). Documents give a solar eclipse to have occurred on August 2, 1333 the 17th day of the Moon. However, historians want to change the age of the Moon entry from the 17th day to a more `reasonable' 27th as if that could make it work. However, 2 days before a New Moon is no better in all practical terms than a 2 days after a Full Moon (15th day) in the document 17th. Moreover, the astronomical retro-calculation for the Moons age count on August 2nd is day 21, which makes astronomers take a retro-calculated May 14 eclipse for 1333. Not even the month in the document is to be used. However, there are direct observations of celestial bodies near the Earth. Worcester source; December 2, 1205 two Full Moons were observed during the day while a Florence source gives 2 moons being observed on May 8, 1285. A most interesting entry comes from the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for year 1106: "Thursday before Easter when two full moons came into view before day, one in the east, and another in the west". However, by far the most interesting account is the Passion eclipse. The whole world was darkened for 3 hours from the 6th hour (12 noon) to the 9th hour (3 PM) ending with an earthquake. Later that same day before sunset the Moon at moonrise was already in lunar eclipse (blood Moon) as can occur on Passover because its date calculation formula is determined by a Full Moon phase, which makes the darkening of the Sun by the Moon impossible. This eclipse of the Sun occurred in the 19th year of Tiberius March 22nd (37 CE). Eusebius quoting Phlegon verbatim: "...a great eclipse of the sun occurred at the sixth hour that excelled every other before it, turning the day into such darkness of night that the stars could be seen in heaven, and the earth moved in Bithynia, toppling many buildings in the city of Nicaea." Tertullian also called the darkness a cosmic event covering the whole world that darkened Rome, Athens, and many other cities in the Mediterranean. Syncellus quoting Africanus; "after the most dreadful darkness fell over the whole world, the rocks were torn apart by an earthquake and much of Judea and the rest of the land was torn down. Thallus calls this darkness an eclipse of the Sun in the third book of his Histories". Many authors rightly called into question the conjecture of Thallus because the Moon could not possibly be the cause of a solar eclipse as it was in lunar eclipse later the same day. They understood that the Moon was not the cause. Africanus quoting Phlegon: "in the time of Tiberius Caesar, during the full moon, a full eclipse of the sun happened, from the sixth hour until the ninth." A period of 29 years previous to this solar eclipse Josephus wrote of the only eclipse (lunar) of his work, which occurred in year 8 of the Common Era on March 10th Julian 10:21 PM Jerusalem for an hour. Within a year's time of the eclipse King Herod killed himself (index 1 proof 2). Thirty-one years previous to that lunar eclipse an earthquake of extraordinary magnitude occurred in the 7th year (24 BCE) of King Herod. Comets and day stars are phenomena connected with earthquakes and other catastrophes by the ancients. Josephus states that all ancient authority is in agreement that the death of Alexander the Great occurred in 13 Pharmuthi the 114th Olympic or 324 BCE June 22nd Julian. Astronomical retro-calculation does not calculate any eclipse in the year 324 BCE. However, the actual statements are not what anyone sensible would describe as an eclipse for it was the sighting of a day star and the movement of a statue as the omen of the passing of Alexander (III). Moreover, the traditional Era of Alexander (IV) his son is 324 BCE.


There are in spots extremely rich historical records of the effects of Earth encounters such as in the Mahabharata (M.B. 5.141.7-10) were Karna states: "That fierce planet of great effluence, Saturn, is oppressing the naksatra of Prajapti 10, in order to greatly afflict the creatures of the earth. The planet Mars, O slayer of Madhu, with its crooked (retrograde) motion in Jyestha, approaches Anuradha indicating a great slaughter of friends. Without doubt, O Krsna, a terrible calamity approaches the Kurus when specially, O thou of Vrsni race, as a planet is afflicting Citra. The spot on the lunar disc has changed its position; and Rahu approaches towards the Sun 11. Meteors are falling from the sky with trembling motion and loud noise." [17]


Footnote 10 naksatra Citra was known as Prajapti in ancient India (Richard H. Allen, "Star names, their lore and meaning", (New York, 1963) page 181. Footnote 11 Rahu is a node of the Moon (solar eclipses).


In (M.B. 6.2.22 thru 6.3.27) Vyasa states: "I have observed this all the time (these days) that the Sun, the Moon and the Stars are all ablaze. All this forebodes (our) great ruin. On the full moon day of the month Kartika the Moon, having lost its splendor, turned red along with the sky and then became invisible 13. (These days) the planet Saturn oppresses Rohini (Aldebaran or Antares). The sign of the deer on the Moon has moved from its usual place. Rahu (Lunar node) constantly eclipses the Sun. The white planet (Venus) after passing over the Citra (Spica) stays there 14 ... A fierce comet is afflicting the naksatra Pusya. The fiery bodied (Mars) is retrograde in the star group Maghas and Jupiter in the naksatra Sravana. The Sun's offspring (Saturn) is attacking the naksatra Bhagam (the Moon) 15. Venus ascending toward the naksatra Purva Bhadrapada, shines brilliantly, and is wheeling towards the naksatra Uttara Bhadrapada. The dark planet blazing like fire ... having attacked the naksatra Jyestha (Antares), stays there ... 16 A fierce planet, Venus (?) has come between Citra (Spica) and Svati (Arcturus). 17 Dhruva (the north star) shining fearfully has moved to south. The ruddy planet (Mars), having covered the constellation Brahmarasi, ... with its uneven motion, overpowers the naksatra Sravana. 18 The two blazing planets, Jupiter and Saturn both, have stayed for one whole year near naksatra Visakha ... The planet Mercury sets with a terrible appearance indicating fearful happenings ahead."


Footnote 13 Lunar eclipse and in the month of Kartika, the Moon at full is in the naksatra Krutika, which means the Sun is in naksatra Anuradha. Footnote 14 Some translators interpret white planet as Ketu the other node of the Moon. Footnote 15 "bhagam" means Moon while some versions use "bhagyam", which some interpret as naksatra Purva Phalguni. Footnote 16 dark planet, syamo grahah was given as white planet sveto grahah because Venus is in naksatra Cirta (Spica). Footnote 17 Fierce planet is not understood. Footnote 18 constellation Brahmarasi is not understood.


Vyasa states (M.B. 6.3.28-29): "An amavasya (new moon) [usually] falls on caturdasi (14th day), pancadasi (15th day), and in the past [it has fallen] even on sodasi (16th day) [after a full moon]. But this I have not known that an amavasya [can also] fall on trayodasi [an interval of 13 days from a full moon], ie on an aparvan, [improper day] The Moon and the Sun have been eclipsed in one month at an interval of 13 days. These two celestial bodies [therefore] will destroy the populace."


Sanjaya states (M.B. 6.17.2): "the Moon was in naksatra Magha, and the seven great planets began to shine like fire in the sky."


In M.B. 8.68.49: "Your majesty! [the king Dhrtarastra] at the death of Karna, the rivers stopped flowing, the Sun turned dark and set (in the west). The son of Yama (Mercury), with its color of fire, appeared (in the sky). The mountains with forests upon them began to tremble, and the creatures of the world became (terribly) upset. Jupiter, shinning like the Sun and Moon, arose oppressing the naksatra Rohini."


Death of Duryodhana (M.B. 9.55.10): "The Rahu, in spite of it being an aparvan (improper day), attacked the Sun. The earth with its trees and forests began to tremble."


Bhisma remarks (M.B. 13.153.26-28): "By good fortune, O son of Kunti, Yudhisthira!, you have come here with all your councilors. The thousand-rayed lord, the Sun, has resumed its northerly course. I have been lying on my bed of arrows here for 58 nights. Stretched on these sharp-pointed arrows I have felt this period to be as if it were a century. O Yudhisthira, this auspicious month has come. This is a bright paksa, and three-fourth part of it [the month] is still to go (according to my reckoning)."


21 Footnote 21 "The auspicious month of Magha has arrived, O Yudhisthira."


Now, the interpretations presented by the translators of the Mahabharata are colored by their beliefs that what was observed was normal and only include the `seven' planets, which include the Sun and Moon in that total. However, the solar system was ablaze, which is hardly the norm. Moreover, the regular sight of the planets was altered. Under these conditions could anyone be sure a planet was that planet?


Karna said Saturn was in Prajapti, which is 14th naksatra Chitra. Vyasa states that Saturn arose in 4th naksatra Rohini and that Jupiter was in 22nd naksatra Sravana. Sanjaya states Jupiter arose shining like the Sun in 4th naksatra Rohini. However, later both Jupiter and Saturn was said to be in 16th naksatra Vishakha for the entire year. Now, it is possible for Saturn to be in only one sign for a year as it travels about 12 degrees per year and each star position sign is 13 1/3 degrees (1/27th). This is not true for Jupiter, which travels twice that at around 24 degree distance per present Earth year. However, what was not observable previously was easily seen since the whole solar system was ablaze and the two bodies in Visakha were most likely Neptune and Uranus. Easier to know would be Mercury and Venus as they would have to be close to the Sun, which was in 17th naksatra Anuradha when the Full Moon was in 3rd naksatra Krutika during the month of Kartika. Three months later the Suns position was 19th naksatra Jyestha. Mercury set while it and the sky became the color of fire. Venus called a planet by Karna and white planet and fierce planet by Vyasa in between the 14th naksatra Chitra (Spica) and (15th) naksatra Svati {Swati}. Fierce bodied (Mars) was in 10th naksatra Magha. Jupiter and ruddy planet in 22nd naksatra Sravana. That covers the 5 planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. However, that leaves body Y near the Earth called Mars by Karna and a dark planet by Vyasa in 19th naksatra Jyestha. During the Trojan War (747 BCE) the ancients called Titan Venus and Y Mars in the epic. This leaves Vyasa's Venus as Saturn in between 25th Purva Bhadrapada and 26th Uttara Bhadrapada, the Suns offspring and Bhagam as Y, and the Moon with an altered position of its face towards the Earth. Of course, if Bhagam was Bhagyam then the Suns offspring could be another body entirely. Titan, Pluto, and Ceres come to mind while the comet could also be one of these bodies as even Titan was seen as Venus like. Venus in tradition is called the one with the long flowing hair (comet tail).


A fierce comet was in the 8th star position of the naksatra Pusya.


Rahu (solar) and Ketu (lunar) as the two nodes of the Moon interpretation have to be questioned for unconventional eclipses. It makes more sense that the shadows projected on the Earth, Sun, and Moon were from different bodies and not the position of the Moon. Rahu constantly eclipsing the Sun makes it clear that the shadow on the Sun is not from the Moon. It came from a completely different body. Of course, the 2 eclipses of the New and Full Moon that occurred in 13 days was caused by the Moon showing that a disturbance had occurred in the Moons orbit. However, the Moons topography positional alteration was rejected out of hand by the translators while the term Ketu is not used in the Mahabharata on sections of astronomical positions so the desire to use it for dark planet is imprudent. How can a limited shadow of the Earth be projected onto an outside star position?


Body                                             Position                                           Most likely


In Karna:


Saturn                                           Prajapti = Chitra                              Venus

Mars                                             Jyestha                                              Y

Planet                                           Citra                                                  Venus

Rahu (approaches)                       Sun                                                    Y


In Vyasa:


Full Moon                                     Krutika                                             Moon

Saturn                                           Rohini                                               Titan

Rahu                                             Sun                                                   Y

White planet                                 Citra                                                 Venus

Fierce comet                                 Pusya                                                comet

Fierce bodied (Mars)                    Magha (R)                                        Mars

Jupiter                                           Sravana                                             Jupiter

Suns offspring (Saturn)                Bhagam (Moon)                               Y or Moon

Suns offspring                              Bhagyam (Purva Phalguni)              Saturn

Venus between                             Purva + Uttara Bhadrapada              Saturn

Dark planet                                  Jyestha                                               Y

Fierce planet {Venus (?)}            Citra                                                  Venus

Dhruva (north star)                      Pole Star (going south)                      Regulus

Ruddy planet (Mars)                    Sravana                                              Jupiter

Jupiter & Saturn                           Visakha                             Uranus & Neptune

Mercury (setting)                         Sun                                                     Mercury


In Sanjaya:


Moon                                          Magha                                                Moon

Son of Yama (Mercury) AROSE in the sky both color of fire              Y

Jupiter                                         Rohini                                                 Titan

Rahu (attacking)                         Sun                                                     Y


This brings into question the labeling of solar eclipses as legendary such as those that occurred at the founding of Rome (747 BCE) and fall (1163rd year or 410 CE) eclipses. Such records are no different than all the other eclipse records and came to be labeled legendary in only modern times when astronomical retro-calculations indicated they could not find `fits'. Obviously, the Moon cannot be the only consideration for when the Sun was eclipsed. Ancient records rarely mention lunar and solar eclipses because they were predictable. Predicted events only ever became important when they became associated with battles or other important historical events. Unless eclipses came on unexpectedly they would not be remarked upon except by temporary records. Thales eclipse was remarked on because he was the only one to predict it. Such events of darkening the Sun were not solar eclipses caused by the Moons placement because astrologers commonly calculated the date of all occurrences. After changes in the Heavenly order, the failure of previous successful methods of calculation and prediction were remarked upon. Most of the ancient records we have about eclipses are unexpected appearances and failures to occur after prediction by previous successful methods of calculation.

Over fifty-one centuries ago comets brighter than the Sun became a common phenomenon. These observations decreased over time both in magnitude of brightness and duration steadily. However, it still flared brightly at intervals even into the Common Era. During August 1348 after Vespers in Paris late in the day before the Sun set there was observed a spherical red celestial body later called the Black Comet. It was not high but seemed near. As the Sun set the big and very bright star appeared to stay in one place. At sunset the star sent out many separate beams of light over Paris and then vanished totally:  There one minute, gone the next. This occurred soon before the coming of the bubonic plague or black death [18].


References


1 Charles B. Raspil, Planetary Observations of the Tang Dynasty, C&CR, 1996:2, page 16-22.

2 Dwardu, "Velikovsky's Martian Catastrophes," AEON II:3 (January 1991), pp. 39 ff.

3 Aristotle, Hist. an.vi.20, 574 a26.

4 A. Jeremias, Das Alter der babyloniskhen Astronomie, (2nd ed., 1909), page 58 ff.

5 Plutarch, Lives, "The Life of Numa" (translation B. Perrin).

6 Diogenes Laertius, Lives of Eminent Philosophers (English translation R.D. Hicks, 1925).

7 S. Sharpe, The Decree of Canopus (1870).

8 Edouard Biot, Catalogue general des etoiles filantes et des autres meterores observes en Chine apres le VII siecle avant J.C., Paris, 1846.

9 L. Borchardt, Quellen, II, 33, note.

10 Virendra N. Sharma, "On Astronomical References in the Mahabharata - An exercise in Archaeoastronomy", New Delhi, Purana Vol. XLVI, No. 2, July 2004, M.B. 6.3.28-29; Atharvaveda in the 4th Vedas 19.7.1; and R. Thompson, "The Reports of the Magicians and Astrologers of Nineveh and Babylon in the British Museum", (London, 1900) Vol. II, page xliii

11 D.N. Uspenskij, "Problems of Orthodox Theology in the modern life of the Church", J. of Moscow Patriarchy, 9(1962), pp. 64-70 (in Russian).

12 Gold T, 1955, Nature 175, pages 526-9.

13 Fr. 49 from the Scholia to Plato - page 99, Manetho (Loeb classic library).

14 Holinshed, "Holinshed Chronicles", vol. 2, London, 1808, page 424. Also online at the Schoenberg Center for Electronic Text & Image at the Furness Collection: Folio DA 130 H7 1587, Holinshed, "The Chronicles of England, Scotland, and Ireland", page 245 section 30, Printed by Henry Denham.

15 Ibid., page 427. Page 247 section 40 for the online chronicle.

16 Lynn Rose, "Sun, Moon, and Sothis", 1999, page 102.

17 Virendra H. Sharma, "On Astronomical References in the Mahabharata - An Exercise in Archaeoastronomy", New Delhi, Purana Vol. XLVI., No. 2; July, 2004, M.B. 5.141.7-10.

18 Richard A. Newhall, ed., Jean Birdsall, trans., "The Chronicle of Jean de Venette", (New York: Columbia University Press, 1953), pages 48-51.

* Immanuel Velikovsky, "Worlds in Collision", 1950, New York. 

 

Astronomical Dating: Moon phase syncs


Traditional chronology places the fall of Constantinople within the reign of pope Callistus III (1455-1458 CE). The great comet of June 9th, 1456 CE was widely blamed for the Turk invasion. Since the fall of Constantinople is known to have occurred on May 29, the year the city fell was 1457 CE. Critoboulos states Mehmed (II) the Conqueror repopulated Constantinople right after his army sacked it, as Islamic law requires, by giving house grants to his army soldiers and even Christians so they would make the city prosper again before he left the city [1]. In the archives of Topkapi Sarayi house grants from Istanbul were found and a search for the oldest house grant was made with the resulting date of Ramadan 861 or July 1457 CE [2]. Directly after taking the city of cities Mehmed II founded Sarajevo as a strategic trading center because of its favorable geographical position. Sarajevo was founded in 1457 CE.


Byzantine records of Moon phases when compared to astronomical retro-calculations place the last year of the empire in 1456 CE and later at 1453 CE. These placements are deemed necessary because the traditional end at 1457 CE does not give expected results for the phase of the Moon cycle in the records. However, there is no reason to question list of kings, popes, or reign lengths for the historic period in question. Conventional astronomical assumptions take a known history of Sarajevo built directly after the sack of Constantinople and twist it so that an Islamic king waited 4 years to begin rebuilding the city of cities. However, no Islamic king would have done so because it directly opposes Islamic law they are sworn to uphold in the rebuild a city after taking it. Chronologists using astronomical principles have taken all liberty with no independent or historical justification in placing the entire framework of historic chronology on an arbitrary synchronization because it best matches mathematical astronomical retro-calculated values. However, the `match' achieved is still off by a day or two while at the same time popular articles constantly tell the public historical astronomical matching is within an hour.


Cycles T and Y independently place Roman chronology on their traditional placements four years closer to our time ending at 1457 CE. However, the Moon phase records for the year Constantinople fell compared to the astronomical retro-calculations are as far apart from each other as it is possible to be in that Full Moon and New Moons switched phase positions. Traditional Roman chronology was given a known possible error of one year as did the English, Babylonian, Chinese, and others so the year ending date for the Byzantine Empire had been placed at 1456 CE. The syncs of the two systems of 1456 CE and 1453 CE result in about 2 1/2 day difference from each other in Moon phase compared to retro-calculation. However, this has no impact in what kind of disruption would be needed to change the Moons orbital placement (phases) about the Earth by half the Moon’s phase cycle. Only a significant extraterrestrial celestial body could perform the task. The question becomes when did this occur?


Kepler on the authority of Gemma states that in 1547 April 23-25 the Sun was darkened to a suffused red and stars were seen at noon. In late May of 1547 an unusual plague in England began. Modern values of today's eclipse parameters of the Moon begin after the demarcation (R. R. Newton, _The Moon's Acceleration_). Since the year 1457 CE for the end of the Byzantine Empire is correct, the question is what would be the overall impact of resynchronizations for Moon phases be for the different year endings of the empire from AD 1456, AD 1453, and an 8 year difference at AD 1449.


Matching astronomical retro-calculated New Moon and Age of the Moon (zero days) for different years at both same Moon phase and same calendar dates.


1457 January 25th 18:51 hours UTC Moon Age 00 days 00 hours 00 minutes


1456 January   7th 16:47 hours UTC Moon Age 00 days 00 hours 00 minutes

1456 January 25th 18:51 hours UTC Moon Age 17 days 10 hours 49 minutes


1453 January 10th 00:59 hours UTC Moon Age 00 days 00 hours 00 minutes

1453 January 25th 18:51 hours UTC Moon Age 15 days 12 hours 50 minutes


1450 January 14th 00:18 hours UTC Moon Age 00 days 00 hours 00 minutes

1450 January 25th 18:51 hours UTC Moon Age 11 days 18 hours 12 minutes


1449 January 24th 11:32 hours UTC Moon Age 00 days 00 hours 00 minutes

1449 January 25th 18:51 hours UTC Moon Age   1 day  12 hours 22 minutes


1448 January   6th 09:17 hours UTC Moon Age 00 days 00 hours 00 minutes

1448 January 25th 18:51 hours UTC Moon Age 18 days   5 hours 35 minutes


New Moon same date differences between years 1457, 1456, 1453, 1450, 1449, & 1448 with differences between annual January New Moons at zero and January 25th phases.


1457 & 1456 Dif:  Jan 25th 17:10:49 Days off Full Moon +  2:16:24

1457 & 1453 Dif:  Jan 25th 15:12:50 Days off Full Moon +  0:18:25

1457 & 1450 Dif:  Jan 25th 11:18:12 Days off Full Moon -  2:23:47

1457 & 1449 Dif:  Jan 25th   1:12:22 Days off Full Moon - 13:06:03

1457 & 1448 Dif:  Jan 25th 18:05:35 Days off Full Moon +  3:13:10


These ratio patterns hold true for Moon phase cycles for same calendar dates or Age of the Moon syncs one year difference are more than 12 days in difference (New Moon = 29 days 12 hours 49 minutes - plus 1 minute = 0 days Age of the Moon). A New Moon minus 17:10:49 equals 12 days 2 hours for a year difference between the same calendar dates. There is a plus 14 day difference between same dates in phase cycles 4 years apart and over a day and a half difference between same Moon phase cycles 8 years apart. The ancient Irish chronology sync is 8 years too distant from our time. William the Conqueror won England in 1067 CE. This year date was accepted and used in traditional chronology which is a year closer to our time than the present conventional placement. The Roman chronology at 4 years displaced has almost the same Moon phase sync difference as the single year too early sync for the British king list, which makes the Moon phase cycles of New and Full Moons nearly switched positions from today's astronomical retro-calculated phases for the Moon. In trying to get the Roman system to match the Olympiad system 4 years displacement was used despite its impossibility because Pope Callistus III who had the churches bells ring during the siege of the city did not begin his reign until 1455. Additional false consuls in the Roman system in the present sync at AD 78 and AD 43 narrow the difference between the two systems to within 2 years in matching the known wrong Olympiad count sync while the 1st century BCE Roman era is a period of unsure chronological structure so that jiggering the two together to match might not seem to be completely unreasonable. In the British chronology an actual single year covers a period of 2 years. Since disturbing events with early New Moons occurred in British chronology in the chronicles using the sync of 1066 at years AD 1252 and AD 1253 for an average Y cycle (1255 CE) event date, an additional year is in-between these two points of AD 1253 and the demarcation of 1547 CE. An extra year could be had by counting the 2nd reign of Henry VI as non-contemporaneously.


While specialists used Anno Domini (AD) dating around the 8th century most documents still used king reign dating to the 11th century. Most Common Era dated documents we have before the mid-16th century demarcation are latter compilations and not contemporary documents. As expected publications after this demarcation repositioned old document reign years to fit the new parameters of the Moons new retro-calculated past positions while old documents that had disagreements were allowed to perish or were purposefully destroyed. The same thing occurred after the Damaskine palm reform in the Easter tables of AD 743 that changed the old values of 365.25 days as an actual astronomical year and 29.530851days for a month, which had been successful in calculating future and past eclipses, with today's values of the astronomical year (365.24219) and month (29.530588). The eclipse records of the first three ancient Chinese dynasties are not reliable for the purposes of chronology (Stephenson 2008) by today's values of the Moons motion. Chinese historians later created dynastic placements based on eclipses starting with Confucius for the Spring & Autumn Period. However, the traditional placement for the end of the Yellow Emperor at 2598 BCE by Sima Qian (192 BCE) is sufficient to pin all the dynasties down to the Han. The placement by Confucius a century closer to our time than Sima Qian and its acceptance required compacting the 3 Kingdom Period to be shorter by a century. However, astronomical recalculations do not match Confucius' synchronization, which are now placed one year off his placement. Confucius’ placement of the Spring & Autumn Annals a century closer to our time than tradition also pushes the Warring States, Quin, and Han dynasties closer. The known placement of Common Era dynasties squeezes the 3 Kingdoms together into 7 decades. Confucius’ placements made it necessary to "harmonize" the eclipse records. The place of observation and sundial hours (equinoctial) and or water clock timings that the eclipses generated and recorded were dropped because that data could not be made to fit the new harmonized system.


Again, the question becomes when did this event occur? At the start of the 8th century of the Common Era there occurred the greatest tectonic event of the Common Era on the Earth. Is it a coincidence that the Moons orbit also changed after this geological event? Just when the Moons orbit of its second derivative D" changes a complete order is when the Damaskine palm reform was done afterwards giving the Moon a new ratio of days for month and year count. Moreover, the geophysical number of ergs for the polar shift and uplift that occurred is given the parameters of a high of 2.9 X 10^19 ergs per second. Flandern gives what was needed to perform the task that occurred at 6.7 X 10^19 ergs per second. No geological Earth only theory can account for this factual event itself.


Astronomers use circular logic in stating that retro-calculations of the eclipse pattern in Chinese BCE dynasties represent a proof of dynastic placement to the timeline which are closer to us by 101 years. The systems represent merely a proof of past computational method. Moreover, Confucius has the emperor reign sync dates one year different than what is calculated by retro-calculations effectively switching New and Full Moon phases. While it is commonly stated as fact that the 6th century BCE astronomical diaries of the Neo Babylonian dynasty and the 3rd to 1st century BCE Babylonian astronomical records represent a 1 to a million chance of fitting, the records have many wildly off data points that are not due to copying or observational errors. Moreover, Fomenko, a mathematician, proved that the retro-calculated positions of all these astronomical records find better fits in eras hundreds of years much closer to our time than traditionally given. The Neo Babylonian dynasty is within its correct century. However, it is off by a whole eclipse cycle too close to our time. The 3rd to 1st century BCE Babylonian astronomical eclipse records better fit values for a Moon month that is calculated by an astronomical year of 365.25 days, which represents a day that is 1-3 seconds less than today's value (with the orbit of the Earth and Moon taken to be the same from the Exodus onwards). However, the ratios varied making days in a year and month change from era to era with daily rotation stable so orbit is indicated.


R. R. Newton gives the Moons motion for value D" around the base line of zero for AD 300-400 in deviation. However, the value falls sharply from AD 400-600 and begins to square the wave in the graph in AD 500. By AD 800 the value changes sign and around AD 1000 ends the square of the wave on the graph. The gap in the graph between AD 700 and 900 lead to the invention of non-gravitational forces which is an irrational concept.


Fomenko takes the opposite tack and finds the best fits of the records to the astronomical retro-calculation. Fomenko moves whole dynasties 333 years, 960 years, 1053 years, 1275 years, and 1778 years closer to our time. So much for 1 in a million fit statements. Moreover, the records bear witness to systematic `errors', which means they are not errors at all but changes in past values of the Moon as determined by a different rotation rate for the month and year of Earth. Statements by astronomers that historical records of the heavenly bodies' fit astronomical retro-calculated positions fail to understand that the ancient computations determined the construction of the chronology. The chronology of Ptolemy of the Neon Babylon dynasty is 18 years late or by one full eclipse cycle. The dynasties of China and their yearly records of eclipse may be untouched. However, computations by past historians determined the structural placements of the dynasties. Despite this it still might be possible to reconstruct past values and model the motion of the heavenly bodies of the past by the sparse records we have. To switch the New and Full phases of the Moon to fit past records to a new order Ptolemy's Cannon made the Babylonian Era of 747 BCE start at 746 BCE. The previous end of the Byzantine Empire was given as 1456 when it was clearly known to be 1457 in order to fit the new order of 1547 for the Moon's phases in past records. The Irish chronicle is 8 years out of sync too early matching the Olympiad count using 4 year intervals between all counts, which were known to be 8 years between events at the start (3). If the first 3 Olympiads were 8 years apart, a false 4 year count for all of them would make the synchronization 8 years too early. Irish chronology in using the tradition event that killed most of the people on the Island to 1530 Oct 31st BCE agrees with traditional Roman syncs. By this we can understand a false 7 year interregnum period given after the deadly event as a device to produce the same effect as being 1 year off as 1456 and 1066 are. The effort to synchronize Olympiad, Irish, and Roman chronologies and match retro-calculated Moon phases using known false principles took them off the clear path the ancients gave us that places the end of the Byzantine Empire at 1457 CE, the 5th year of Justinian at 535 CE, 1163rd year of Rome at 410 CE, the 2nd year of Antoninus Pius at 143 CE giving the record date of the Deluge as 36358 BCE, and the 42nd year of Augustus at year 4 of the Common Era as the year Jesus was born.


Most historical eclipse data only tells that they occurred during the reign of a king often not even giving the year of occurrence. The `matching game' fitting eclipses to placements is exactly that just a game. The 1333 eclipse document gives the Moons age at 17 days on August 2nd. A problem for this is that lunar eclipses occur when the Moons Age is on average 14 days 18 hours. Lunar eclipses occur on average on day 14 or 15. However, this was a solar eclipse. Solar eclipses by the Moon can only occur on a New Moon when the Age of the Moon is zero days (Moon Age of 29 days 12 hours plus). With this difficulty in mind historians have suggested that the number 17 in the document is a scribal error for 27. However, the Moon did not cause this solar eclipse. What we have left is a document that gives a clear full date and Moon Age that historians want to change by half the Moon's phase cycle. Star and planet charts painted on the walls and ceiling of Villa Chigi known today as Villa Farnesian (Rome) on the Tiber river calculate a date of 1466 November 29/30. Fortunately, a researcher found the birth certificate in the baptistery archive of Siena for Mariano Chigi's son Agostino for 1466 November 29th on the 21 1/2 hour. The crescent Moon is pictured between the horns of the bull with the crab on the other side, which places the Moon in the 3rd sign of Gemini (between Taurus the bull and Cancer the crab). However, by astronomical retro-calculation the Moon on this date is supposed to be nearly half way around the astrological (animal) circle in the 7th sign of Libra. Documents before 1547 CE April 23rd indicate the phase of the Moon to be off by half the Moons phase cycle compared to today's astronomical retro-calculated Moon phases. The natal chart of the great chronologist Joseph Justus Scaliger of 1540 August 4th 13 1/2 hours after the noon hour Greenwich Time has the Moon at 25 degrees 43 minutes in the 7th sign of Libra [4], which is off from the astronomical retro-calculated position of over 27 degrees in the 6th sign of Virgo for the Moon or more than 2 days further along in its path. The symbol of the Moon (backward capital C) is at the lower right hand corner and in the house of Libra with Mars below in Scorpio. The natal chart is also on the cover of the book in gold leaf. Interestingly this matches the expected placement of the New Moon coming sooner on the 13th but expected on the 15th in the British chronicle year of AD 1252.


Is man able to forget significant changes in the Heavenly order during modern history and be unwilling to acknowledge and remark upon them? Switched full and new Moon phase positional counts of the mid-16th century indicate a disturbance of the Moons orbit and a very quick recovery of the Moons average distance and period in the range of days. Only a significant extraterrestrial body and a far different gravity function can explain these facts. The lack of topographical Moon maps before the demarcation is expected by the inability of mankind to deal properly with these realities. A topographical Moon map was surely done by Ptolemy and other ancients. However, we cannot expect to find these so period paintings that include Moon scenes and any repainting to `repair' them should be examined for evidence of past Moon topography.


References


1 _The Policy of Mehmed II Toward the Greek Population of Istanbul and the Byzantine Buildings of the City_, Halil Inalicik, in Dumbarton Oaks Papers, vol. 23-25 (1969-1970), pp 231-249.

2 Ibid.


3 E. N. Gardiner:  Olympia (1925), page 71, Farnell:  The Cults of the Greek States, IV, 293; Frazer:  The Dying God (1911), page 78.

4 _The Scaliger Collection_, Rijk Smitskamp, Smitskamp Oriental Antiquarium, 1993, ASIN B0000EB7AG, page 52 (horoscope).

 

 

Chronology Syncs:  Traditional dates and logical outcomes


2012 Dec 21 Winter solstice - Mayan Era: Only era where ending was a known and calculations were done backwards from end point

2001 Jubilee year

1982 End of the 3 century industrial revolution and start of the 30 year information age

1957 Family structure comes apart from traditional male infidelity: children act out for lack of authentic unity

1948 Rebirth of Israel after 2500 years as predicted by Daniel

1755 Nov 1st 9:40 AM earthquake of Lisbon

1692 June 7th the Jamaica earthquake of Port Royal and tsunami at 11:43 AM

1682 End of 1200 year yuga cycle

1604 Kepler:  Great conjunction cycle of 800 years occurs to Charlemagne's reign and again on year 4 the year Jesus was born  

1577 The comet of 1577 measured to be a thousand miles wide not counting tail 

1547 April 23-25 Kepler (Gemma) stars seen at noon 3 days of darkness - eclipses not firm before this demarcation

1457 May 29th Constantinople sacked - Founding of Sarajevo

1456 July comet observed during the siege of Belgrade before the fall of Constantinople

1455 Pope Callixtus III reigns and later issues papal bull to ring church bells at noon while Constantinople was being besieged

1067 April 24th; Senonesis: Comet in Taurus; moved to extreme Gemini - 1st year of Shen Tsung Sung - William invades England Sept 28

743 Damaken palm reform (new and different Moon count) - China changes past lunar & solar records to fit new model

702 Greatest 1st millennium geological event; landslide of arctic changes earth orbit - R.R. Newton's second derivative of D event

622 July 16 Islam Era

535 Worldwide event in the 5th year of Justinian (Baillie, Irish oak bog marker 536) - Antioch Great earthquake

410 1163rd year of Rome August 24th (Zosimus) Rome sacked in the 12th year of Honorius - solar eclipse on June 18

400 2nd year of Honorius; Marcellinus: Eclipse & earthquake - 5th year 8th month (intercalary) kuei-chou day; Chin Shu: heavens from SE roared

322 Council of Nicea 318 Bishops (Zosimus) (both numbers historically wrong but used to indicate the correct year of Jesus' birth 4 CE)

248 Millennial Games of Rome celebrated in July

143 2nd year of Antoninus Pius ending the 25 Sothic cycles from the Deluge - New Era Thoth 1 = old Thoth 2

37 Friday Nisan 11 (March 15th) 6 days before Passover on Thursday in the 19th year of Tiberius - Palm Sunday March 17th - Tuesday March 19th Last Supper - Good Friday March 22nd lunar & solar eclipse and earthquake - Resurrection on Sunday March 24th 

33 September 14 in the 15th year of Tiberius Jesus is baptized by John the Baptist

8 Ethiopian Era - New calendar of 365 1/4 days with the first leap day in year 12 after an absence for 36 years

4 Jesus born Nisan 11th (March 19th) in the 42nd year of Augustus - Star of Bethlehem


2 BCE 752nd year of Rome [1] synchronizes: 5 year census cycle - 15 year Indiction cycle - Sabbath year

24 BCE Earthquake in the 7th year of Herod, which count starts from when he took Jerusalem - Battle of Actium Oct 2nd

30 BCE Herod takes Jerusalem just before the start of a Sabbath year

33 BCE Roman Senate gives Herod a crown

37 BCE Julian calendar reform a 365 1/3 day year

95 BCE Aristobulus 481 years after Era of Cyrus (II) the Great (the Urim Thummim stops giving off light)

122 BCE Greatest 1st millennium BCE irregular tree ring event

143 BCE Worldwide tree killing event

163 BCE 150th year SE a Sabbath year

168 BCE Jewish uprising in the 145th year SE and 153rd Olympiad [2] and 430 years from the sack of Jerusalem [3]

247 BCE Arsacid Era

312 BCE Seleucid Era

324 BCE Death of Alexander III the Great in the 114th Olympiad Pharmuthi 13 (June 22nd): Day star seen; Earth movement

354 BCE 400th year of Rome sacked in the 7th year of Belinus - New calendar year length of 365 1/4 days - Moon light intensity doubled and sun 7X [4]

504 BCE 250th year of Rome Feb 21st the founding of the Roman Republic - Battle of Marathon Sept 7th

534 BCE Founding of the 2nd Temple in the 9th year of Darius (II) the Great (Josephus)

553 BCE 3rd year of Cyrus II Babylon City Era (556 BCE) 2500 years (times, times and half a time [5] to 2nd founding of Israel

576 BCE Era of Cyrus II the Great and Persian Empire for 246 and 1/2 years - Ptolemy's Persian Era: 559 BC for 229 years

598 BCE Sack of Jerusalem on June 30th in the 22nd year of the New Era of Nabopolossar (620 BCE)

600 BCE Jubilee year start which ended (599 BCE) plus another year to the sack of Jerusalem

618 BCE Ramesses II stelae 400 year celebration of the founding of the New Kingdom of Egypt

620 BCE Fall of Assyria Abu 12 (May 24) sack of Haran a New Era of Nabopolossar - Josiah's death in Pharaoh Necho II 5th year

622 BCE March (13th) Sack of Nineveh in 7th year of Nabopolossar son Nebuchadnezzar II made king of Babylon - 13th year of Ching II: star

687 BCE March 23rd new calendar year length of 365 days in the days of Hezekiah and Numa - Sennacherib killed [6]

690 BCE The city of Gela founded by Antiphemos a veteran of the Trojan war and brother of Lacius founder of Phaselis [7]

702 BCE Invasion of Judah by Sennacherib king of Assyria in the 14th year of Hezekiah a Sabbath year near to a Jubilee year

715 BCE End of Ahaz - Dial of Ahaz - Romulus taken by a whirlwind June 5th in his 38th year

747 BCE Noon on February 26 Babylon Era of Nabonassar - Fall of Troy on same Thursday - Rome founded April 21st - Jotham began

753 BCE Roman Era (includes the first 6 years of co-rule by Remus & Romulus)

757 BCE Trojan 10 year war begins

776 BCE First Olympiad - Twins Remus & Romulus born - Jason kidnaps Helen at Thebes Egypt sacked by Suppiluliumas who dies by plague

808 BCE Hercules sacks Troy - Aeneas leaves Troy - Jason kidnaps Amazon princess in the 14th year of Amaziah

816 BCE Carthage founded (Afracanus) - Medes capital sacked by Suppiluliumas

838 BCE Shalmaneser III 6th (9th) year battle in mid reign of the king of Judah (Mesha stele)

868 BCE Assurnasirpal founds Calah in 1st year - Samaria founded in Omri mid reign - 3rd year of Yu: Thunder & lightning with no clouds in sky [8] - Worldwide tree killing event

898 BCE Invasion by Ethiopian army after Asa had ruled 10 years - End of Ea-gamel and sack of Babylon by Agum III and Mursilis

924 BCE represents the 5th year of Rehoboam (taking of Jerusalem and kingdom divided)

964 BCE represents 430 years before founding 2nd Temple in 534 BCE: end date also 70 years before 604 BCE the start of Nebuchadnezzar II

988 BCE Earthquake and founding of the 8th Babylonian dynasty - David's plague

1010 BCE Sothis on 9 Epifi 9th year of Amenhotep

1018 BCE New Kingdom of Egypt founded after 511 years of foreign domination - Death of Agag II (Amenrud) by Samuel after Saul had ruled 5 years

1060 BCE End of Tiglath-pileser; chaos - 1001 years after the famine of Ur of the Chaldees began with Abram leaving a year later in 2060 BCE

1078 BCE Comet seen and death of the king & 6 armies in 52nd year of Chao - Death of Eli when Samuel was 12 years old [9] and loss of Ark

1199 BCE June 8 Worldwide event - Kassite dynasty (576 3/4 years) begins - Gideon dies - 35th year of Dixin:  Great famine [10] and start of the Wu dynasty - Takeloti II 15th year Omen on Mesori 25 and 1st year of Sheshonk III 


36358 BCE Calculated Deluge date after a comet was seen in Pisces and a polar reversal 25 Sothic cycles for 36500 years to the 2nd year of Antoninus Pius

10490 BCE Building of the Great Pyramids begins 8 years after new era and ending after a century of work

9568 BCE Sinking of Atlantis when the atmosphere is blown out into space - Start of the Holocene

5698 BCE 22nd Sothic cycle begins First book of Manetho (Afracanus) for 2300 years ending at the Era of kings of men and not gods

5502 BCE Babylon exodus (Africanus): Language diverges - walled communities start

3761 BCE Oct 6th New Era (AM) and calendar - new equinox count from 3760 BCE for 25 year victorian cycle so all BCE Sothis cycles begin in 85, 60, 35 and 10

3398 BCE Era of kings of men - Sumeria - First Han-ung - Athothis of the Upper Kingdom & Mestraim of the Lower Kingdom - China Shennong 500 years

3119 BCE Start of a new 1200 year yuga cycle - Mid Holocene gravity event - Fourth Han-ung

3037 BCE Birth of Noah - Menes begins a 1 year war that unites the two lands of Egypt in the 363rd year of Mestraim

2898 BCE China Yellow Emperor reigns 300 years

2778 BCE 24th Sothic cycle in the 6th year of Conchard

2598 BCE Shaohao 1st year (Chinese Classics and most important traditional date)

2550 BCE Closing Hall of Records at end of 3rd Egyptian dynasty - convergence of 50 year Jubilee & Sabbath year every 350 years

2315 BCE 42nd year of Yao a brilliant star appeared in Yin

2255 BCE 1st year of Shun brilliant star came out in Fang (libra) - End of Semiramis (Ishtar) - kingless period for 6 years in Egypt

2155 BCE 5th year 9th month kang-seuth day [47] (Oct 12th) of Zhongkang an eclipse

2061 BCE Famine in city of Ur - Abram left Ur after 1 year (2060 BCE) - 1001 years before Tiglath-pileser end

2045 BCE Passover Polar reversal - Sodom & Gomorrah - Ismael born - Ur III end - Sumeria uninhabited for 7 years - Middle kingdom of Egypt began 1520 years [11] before the 5th year of Cambyses II (525 BCE Ptolemy's Canon) - 13th year of Zhu the Ho river kills Ming - Zariqum

1966 BCE New calendar of 354 1/5 days a year 1 year before the death of Abraham - 1000 years before the death of David in 966 BCE

1893 BCE Jin 8th year: Inauspicious portents in sky - ten suns [12] - Jacob wakes up to plasma aftereffect: Jacob's ladder; spiral stairway to Heaven

1863 BCE Sesostris III 4th year; Joseph 17 - Jie 10th year: Planets went out of their courses, stars fell like rain, and rivers E and Loh became dry [13]
1860 BCE Sesostris III 7th year a Sothis on Pharmuthi 16th (July 14th)

1842 BCE Start of 7 year famine & Pharaoh Dan's 9 year war in Tang's 2nd year start of 5 year drought in China

1833 BCE Jacob dies at age 147 - End of 9 year war in the taking of Argos (393 years to the exodus) - First Tangun

1773 BCE End of 12th and start of 15th Egyptian dynasty (Josephus) for 244 years ending with Apopi (Amram)

1744 BCE Babylonian start of the Kassite Kingdom for 576 3/4 years at 545 years too early

1718 BCE New Kingdom start 7 centuries too early by Manetho and 4 centuries from the actual 25th and last Sothic cycle

1622 BCE Assyria loses battle with India end of Semiramis II (Attosa) - Job - Bristlecone pine irregular tree ring event - 1000 years from sack of Nineveh

1530 BCE Birth of Moses 3 months before the flood of Ogyges Oct 31st (Halloween) - Tighernmas died along with 3/4 of the island

1529 BCE Feb 4th Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, and 4th visitor (Vulcan) - dendro marker - 511 years of foreign occupation of Egypt 1st king Ethiopian

1450 BCE End of last ancient Ethiopian kings Tanutamon when Moses was 80 years old

1440 BCE March 13th New calendar of 360 days & 30 full day months - Shepherd Kings rule Egypt for 453 years - 7th year of Hammurabi – Red Sea March 19

1410 BCE Joshua last historic polar reversal in the 38th year of Hammurabi

1318 BCE 25th Sothis cycle (Oppolzer [14]) - Menophreus Era = XIII dynasty Menoffire Ai (Donovan A. Courville)



References


  1.  Histories against the pagans VI:27:1 and VII:3:4
  2.  Josephus; Ant 12:7:6
  3.  Ezekiel 4:4-7
  4.  Isaiah: 30:26
  5.  Daniel 12:7
  6.  2 Kings 19: 35-37
  7.  Gods, Heroes and Tyrants: Greek Chronology in Chaos By Emmet John Sweeney, page 75 https://books.google.com/books?id=vKtNBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA75&lpg=PA75&dq=Gela+found+690+BCE&source=bl&ots=aIdGtAV8dY&sig=O5W8VotlKp_vXonFpSx3vbMWW2E&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjv4s_s8IjWAhVI6mMKHUd1AXAQ6AEIKTAB#v=onepage&q=Gela%20found%20690%20BCE&f=false
  8.  Chinese Classics
  9.  Josephus; Ant 5:10:4
  10.  Chinese Classics
  11.  2nd book Excerpta Latina Barbari
  12.  Chinese Classics
  13.  Chinese Classics
  14.  The American Ecclesiastical Review;: A Monthly Publication for the Clergy, Volume 22 edited by Herman Joseph Heuser, page 213   https://books.google.com/books?id=JvrNAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA213&lpg=PA213&dq=Oppolzer+1318+BCE&source=bl&ots=0m9tbgfYQ4&sig=4J0P5FfWKUTxHhNRBsLBv_L7Dv8&hl=ensa=Xved#v=onepage&q=Oppolzer%201318%20BCE&f=false

The most important traditional date in ancient chronology is 2598 BCE for the 1st year of Shanohao because it can be connected to the era of kings of men and not gods of 3398 BCE which is connected to the 22nd Sothic cycle of 5698 BCE. These traditional dates confirm the synchronization of ancient chronology to the sack of Rome in its 1163rd year or 410 placing the end of the Byzantine Empire at 1457. This is also confirmed by multiple traditional dates such as of the birth of Jesus in year 4 of the Common Era in the 42nd year of Augustus. The previous synchronization for the end of the Byzantine Empire at 1456 was done to match Moon phase records to retro-calculations for Moon phases. The present placement of 1453 was done in an effort  to match the Olympiad system that is 8 years  too early because the count system of 4 years per cycle is known to be false as the first event cycles were 8 years apart. These known false alterations were used in order to gain a match for the Moon phase records to retro-calculations.  Both four and one year displacements in chronologies reverse Moon phases of Full and New Moons but still off by a day or two. 

 

 

Human Psychology: The herd


Man is a herd animal where his status is all important. Consensus positions provide social safety. The greatest fear people have is public speaking because of the perceived fear of losing status. Only 1/7 of the people chose to take positions of leadership while the rest willingly follow. Half of the leadership group will do no wrong while the other half cares only for their own interests. The herd follows the leader of whichever half is in charge.


Science as a methodology rejects ideas to find different ways nature operates by an internally coherent worldview built on frames and paradigms that support core beliefs. Frames build comparisons within the logic mold of the frame itself. More importantly frames limit what is considered legitimate input. Only paradigm's that fit the fundamental mold are considered acceptable candidates. Core beliefs of the consensus herd will always choose frames and paradigms that reflect those values or at least do not contradict them over all others. Once a fundamental frame and paradigm are chosen they will not be replaced except for an insertion fitting into the same logic frame. Theories based on top of the basic fundamentals are all fair game, but the fundamental base is off limits. The tyranny of the consensus will never permit a challenge to the chosen worldview. Only revolution will replace it by a new generation.


Facts have no impact on man's worldview because it is a mind hack to generate institutional stability, which explains why revolutions are too rare. Moreover, man can only hold one worldview at a time and refuses to change because it generates the ideology that supports the world's vested interests. Materialists and deniers of consciousness determine the gravity paradigm of a dead non charge attraction when only charge attraction exists. The science establishments purpose it to safeguard, at all costs, a single perspective that filters out real possibilities while unexpected observations black or white are both said to confirm rendering the construct unfalsifiable. These foundations are not evidence based. Those that await the consensus to confirm that their foundations are wrong shall wait till hell freezes over. Sheldrake's book, "The Science Delusion" in 2012, shows that all ten basic tenets of the science establishment are not valid. This is even true for math equations. Renormalization is a false procedure as shown by Miles Mathis. Prof PM Robataille shows gravitational thermal dynamics is misapplied by astrophysics. Why? Because the consensus herd blindly defends the authority's frames that are derived by its worldview based on core beliefs. The inability of the establishment to accept known facts that contradict their worldview is the stumbling block of civilizations progress. Beliefs are the basis of perception and scientists will refuse to have their own perceptions questioned or investigated in a valid manner.


Science is no different than any other herd group. Herd thinking is basic to the very foundations of the science establishment and limits its progress intentionally in processing ritualistically information. The establishment’s main purpose is processing information and not science. Man is a processor of information and builds frames in order to prove true a known false principle. Since the consensus will not allow a foundational change, the processing can continue until finished just as it was so designed to do. The present science core beliefs of the consensus are that solidness defines what realness is and consciousness is a human self-delusion. Einstein's switching of Maxwell waves into energy packets or atoms won him the adoration of the physics world. Overwhelming evidence of cosmic charge and structures in the plasma universe continues to be ignored in the space age because the fact and acknowledgement of cosmic charge would force the acceptance of the universe's interconnectedness that is the basis of consciousness, which explains how miracles work, the placebo effect functions, and how plant roots break down toxins in the soils into different inert elements which is impossible for solid atoms to do. 

 

 

 

Implications & Conclusions


Tradition has prevailed over uniformitarian assumptions. Present orbital and axis cycles were not followed in the past which at times were suddenly, violently, and dramatically changed. Traditional chronologies have been fully reconstituted by T and Y cycles of near Earth encounters. The Moon has switched Full and New Moon phases multiple times with the last time in 1547. Irrational behavior caused by past trauma is self-evident in man's inability to accept past events and historically recent changes. Peratt has shown that pictographs are recordings of years long plasma displays. Saturn is a captured planet and Earth, Venus, and Mars are its former satellites that were in a polar configuration, which galaxy arms as delayed Polar Configurations are proof of its operational and dynamic functionality. The Earth is less than 100 million years old and the Cambrian explosion occurred a mere 6.2 million years ago. Flandern's orbital calculation for the new comet creation event of 3.2 million years ago was caused by planet B exploding, which synchronized with the start of the Triassic Era caused by the 3 million year cycle for galaxy quantum redshift which are responsible for geologies strata boarders. Galaxy quantum redshifts occurs at six per 3 million year cycle starting at light speed with low load charge. Slower galaxy quantum redshifts increase charge load density as they age so the galaxy energy equation is unchanged. The sages say man's first civilization of Mu was 200 thousand years ago, which synchronized with the cosmic 3 million year cycle at an average 80 fold downgrade of geological time. The Deluge occurred in 36,357 BCE, the sinking of Atlantis in 9568 BCE at the start of the Holocene, the start of kings list of men and not gods in 3398 BCE worldwide giving the start of the reign of Shennong to be 2598 BCE, and the 25th Sothis cycle in 1318 BCE, which all can be tied internally to match the synchronization at the 536 year Irish oak bog dendrochronology one year delayed tree ring marker for the 535 CE event in the 5th year of Justinian. A gravity value change event occurred in the mid-Holocene which began a new metals and Bronze Age period in 3119 BCE where previously it was the Age of Copper where goats were the choice pullers of chariots. An extremely violent gravity change event occurred 800 thousand years ago moving continents around and pulsated for years at the K-T boarder. For more than the last five millennium bodies of cycles T and Y altered Earth's orbit and axis suddenly and violently as well as Earth's topography by thunderbolt (planetary lighting) exchanges and mountain building that moved Earth from its pivot. Worldwide changes in calendars occurred from a 354 day orbit to a 360 day orbit in 1440 BCE, to a 365 day orbit in 687 BCE, to a 365 1/4 day orbit in 354 BCE, and from the 7th year of Herod in 24 BCE to the last full complete Julian calendar year he ruled or year 8 CE the orbit of the Earth had 365 days neat or no leap day insertions in the astronomical calendar for 36 years (Macrobius). The ancient chronologists resynchronized their pillar dates like 747 BCE by 1 year (746 BCE) by Ptolemy to suggest past records of the Moon phases were the same as their own day (changed) order. The end of the Byzantine Empire occurred in the year 1457 CE and not as previously given at 1456 and far worse today at 1453. The Moon's orbital period changed in the 8th century and a new count was observed, reformulated, and instituted in 743.


The cosmos is in a fury of constant unending change. The Earth's pace of change since the Cambrian explosion is simply unbelievably dramatic. So why is man determined to pretend the world remains largely unchanging in human history against his own traditions? The answer is mirrored by what man defends most. The core beliefs of consensus science are that things are solid and consciousness is purely a self-delusion. However, nothing is actually solid and consciousness is the only thing that in reality exists. Einstein's switch from Maxwell waves to atoms is itself the cause of the split in physics. Going back to quantum fields in charge plasma unifies physics back together without the need of a God Particle or dark mass and energy giving an entirely different understanding of what matter is. There are no atoms or particles only waves or quantum fields in charge plasma. Cosmic charge represents the interconnectedness of the entire universe. Everything is connected to everything else. Since man perceives by what he believes, star patterns reflect man's own state of consciousness or divine mind. Man's worldview is mirrored by the pattern of the stars. When mankind fundamentally alters his worldview, the pattern of the stars change to reflect and support the new pattern of thinking. The stars have dramatically changed patterns in 1349, 747 BCE, and in the 4th year of Pharaoh Dan when Joseph was 17 in 1863 BCE. After man experiences these kinds of dramatic changes he destroys records of the past order and rewrites documents of the past to fit the new order. Individuals of honesty and truth are unable to withstand the stampede of the herd defending their false core beliefs. All natural bodies are hollow and the Earth is no exception. Just as the western hemispheric continents were discovered by earlier explorers before Columbus the ability of man to accept these kinds of reality can go unacknowledged by man's state of consciousness. Despite the fact astronomers and their telescopes have never confirmed the existence of body Y cycle Y is fully confirmed by the records of nature, which are not invalidated by the false worldview and secondary beliefs of astronomers who will not accept lost satellite Y as real nor the indignity of taking valid double blind tests to know if they can actually see all the stars that the establishment officially lists. They will refuse even the notion and when and if proper tests are ever done, they will not all see the same stars because the ability to see anything is based on one’s consciousness level which is variable in all. Moreover, night time on Earth is a mass delusion caused by man's spiritual need to see them. The stars give light in all directions and there is no corner in the universe where star (sun) light is not poured into. When the sun blinks out in quantum for days and months the light on Earth during day time was only deemed worldwide diminished without any direct sunlight like a very cloudy day.


Consciousness as a vibration alters the characteristics of the elements. Roman concrete was not lost. It changed so that the ingredients no longer reacted together as it once had. This means evolution is not primarily random mutation but that adaptation, which changes shape towards new function, is sufficient. Moreover, it is possible for a person with very strong intention and purpose to alter the characteristics of materials and systems to act in new ways. Experimenting with different materials and having an extremely strong and focused mental intention of desired outcomes can successfully produce new pathways for altered materials to function. Industrial design works because changing shape changes function, which is why manufacturing is the basis of innovation.


Art is a technology of perspective. In order to keep social change from occurring the vested interests of the world diminish the arts in early education at every opportunity. The world fears the power of challenging perspectives. The young develop a fix worldview by their mid-teens based on the establishment's beliefs without any benefit of a mature process to challenge the status quo. The establishment has no intention of questioning its fundamental core beliefs and the consensus herd has no intention of allowing authority to be questioned. Words are power because they reflect the divine. Lies kill because they frustrate those that hold them to be true which compels them into believing the only way to get rid of opposition to their ideological truths is to oppress all opposition and or just kill those they deem to not be like them. 

 

 

 Index 1:  Solutions to chronological problems

          AD  - Anno Domini (equivalent to CE)
          BC  - Before Christ (equivalent to BCE)
          BCE - Before the Common Era
          CE  - Common Era (A.U.C. 754th year)


Proof 1:  3119 BCE

The Hindu's have a cycle (yuga) of 1200 years. If the cycle began in the year 3119 BCE, it also did so at 1919 BCE, 719 BCE, 482 CE, and 1682 CE. The start of these new cycles is important historically. During the Common Era the cycle indicates the decline of the Western Roman Empire and the start of the industrial revolution worldwide for 3 centuries, which is a 4 fold increase in the cycle ending in 1982. Next a 40 fold increase in the cycle as a 3 decade information age ending on the winter solstice of 2012 CE of the Mayan calendar. The boom from Heaven occurred at the start of the Mahabharata war (3156 BCE July 11xx 2:19:42) 36 years 8 months before the gravity event (3119 BCE March 11th 4:14:  ). The calculation of Aryabhata's cycle of 3600 years (3102 BCE), since he turned 23 years old in year 421 of the Saka Era (AD 78) on 499 CE, resembles somewhat the Egyptian 25 Sothis cycles (1460 years) or 36,500 years from the 2nd year of Antonius Pius (143 CE) to the Deluge. The length of all the yugas can therefore be calculated as there are traditionally 6 manus or 27 chaturyugas between the Flood and the start of Kaliyuga at 3119 BCE. Since a Deluge date of 36,357 BCE and the gravity event of 3119 BCE gives a result of 33,238 years in-between that is very near 28 yugas at 1200 years each (33,600) in-between, means that the traditional numbers represent an additive system where Treta at 3600 years represents Kali, Dwapara, and Treta all together. The difference between 3119 BCE and Aryabhata's date of 3102/1 BCE is only 17 years. The Era of Cyrus (II) the Great is traditionally 576 BCE, which was used in the Hindu king chronologies as century markers since precession was held by the ancients to be 1 degree per century. The Royal Canon of kings by Ptolemy has Cyrus (II) the Great start at 559 BCE. If Aryabhata used the Royal Canon in his calculation rather than the traditional and correct date, the resulting difference is 17 years closer to our time. The end time cycle of the Mayan calendar is also indicated by Nostraduamus in his 20 cycles of Moon periods (27.4 days {years}) or 548 years from 1492 CE to 2040 CE while the eclipse cycle (18.6 years) or 19th year represents the beginning of a New World Era (2040 CE - 27.4 years = 2012.6 CE).


Proof 2:  Herod's 40 year reign

Josephus gives the passage of time from Herod taking Jerusalem to the taking of Jerusalem by the Romans to be a period of 104 years. Herod took Jerusalem in his third year after he was appointed king by Rome. The written numbers in the documents start from Herod's appointment by Rome. However, the numbers next to the words in the text are 3 years less. Herod's rebuilding of the second Temple began in his twenty-first year. After the death of Herod, the Jews started counting Herod's reign from his taking of Jerusalem making Herod's shortened reign his 18th year for the rebuilding of the second Temple. Why would the Jews desire to change the numbering system of Herod's reign after he had died? Herod is given 34 years for his reign. Interestingly, Herod actually made the decision of how long his reign would be. Now, there is only one reason for the Jews to have desired to change the length of Herod's reign and that would be if Herod's reign was 40 years. The Hebrew word DOR is translated as generation. In the context of chronology generation means a period of 35 to 40 years. However, time intervals of 40 years became prestigious since the sacred history of the Hebrews was built on a system of 40 year cycles and the great kings such as Saul, David, and Solomon had 40 year reigns built into the system. Herod chose to end his life and reign at 40 years because doing so would add to his prestige. Herod greatly desired to be acknowledged as a great king. The Jews by recounting his reign from the time of his taking of Jerusalem 3 years after being appointed by Rome denied Herod his desire of a 40 year count. Herod's total reign was 40 years, which was shortened to a 37 year count by the Jews. The actual length of reign can be established by the fact that Jesus was born during Herod's reign. According to Thomas Jesus was 2 years old when Joseph took him to Egypt and stayed 3 years until Herod died 3769 Sebat 2 (or year 9 CE on January 9th). If one places the birth of Jesus at the start of the Common Era, then Herod's 1st year would be 30 BCE using a 34 year reign. That fits the present conventional Roman chronology as the year that Augustus won the empire. However, we know that in the year Augustus won the empire that a great earthquake occurred, which happened in the 7th year of Herod (24 BCE shortened Jewish count). Herod took Jerusalem in 30 BCE in a Sabbath year and after 104 years had passed the Romans sacked Jerusalem in 75 CE. Herod's 40 year reign as a Roman appointed king started in the year 33 BCE and ended 9 CE January 9th. Herod's death occurred within a years span of the only recorded lunar eclipse (March 10th 10:21 PM) of Josephus. The five year Roman census cycle occurred on 2 BCE and year 4 CE, which cycle year was the year of Jesus' birth. The information of the Jesus' census was used to redistribute Herod's kingdom to his heirs during the last 5 years of Herod's life. Distributions of lands usually occurred after the death of the ruler. However, the Romans did not wait. Herod's sole period of reign acknowledged by the Jews from 30 BCE to 4 CE counts to his 34th year.


Proof 3:  The Great Earthquake of Antioch

The 11th year of Justinian has a record for sighting a comet and a later plague, which is used as a marker in the tree chronologies. The Irish oak tree ring corresponds to 536 CE, while the Fennoscandia dendrochronology irregular tree ring corresponds to 540 CE. Since the present conventional sync of Justinian's reign starts in 527 CE, a December year 11 would be 537 CE. A calendar year delay until the seasonal ring growth occurs after the event would be tree ring 538 CE and not 540 CE. This falsifies the correlation for both the traditional historical sync 542 CE and the present conventional sync AD 538 as both are two years off on either side from the 540 tree ring marker in the Fennoscandia dendrochronology. Neither the Irish oak marker nor the Fennoscandia irregular tree rings represents Justinian's December comet in year 11. Zacharias of Mithylene puts the December comet in year 850 of the Greeks or December 539 CE, which is the correct sync to the Fennoscandia dendrochronology. Malalas dates an earthquake of Antioch to May 20th or 29th in the 7th year of Justin (525 CE) and consul. However, the consuls (526 CE) in the records do not match. Glycas and Cedrenus relate this earthquake to the disaster at Pompeiopolis in Moesia. The problem is that the earthquake is dated to 536 CE. However, Phillips and Guidoboni interpolate the reference to Justinian's 7th year and not to Justin. The Pompeiopolis and Antioch earthquake is associated and known to have occurred 2 years after the Great Antioch Quake. The 5th year of Justinian was the year of the Great Quake of Antioch, which is marked in the Irish oak dendrochronology a year later in the tree ring representing 536 CE. The 5th year of Justinian as 535 CE upholds the traditional sync, which is four years closer to our time than the present conventional chronological sync.


Proof 4:  Necho II and Ramesses II

The state policy of Nebuchadnezzar II was to destroy all national and cultural artifacts of conquered lands. Nebuchadnezzar II conquered Egypt in 585 BCE in order to put his grandson Apris on the throne of Egypt. Ramesses II had married the daughter of Nebuchadnezzar II. It was this woman that Cambyses II claimed relation to giving him the right to rule Egypt. Since Nebuchadnezzar II had made treaty with Necho II, he had to keep faith by making an exception to his state policy, which was that anything with the cartouche of Necho II on it would be spared. Once the priests understood they put Necho II cartouche on every monument and only those which has one survived. A logogram would be NAM.RA.MES - Necho Ramesses. However, the cartouche on Egyptian monuments is that of Ramesses II. Why would Nebuchadnezzar II make an exception to his state policy for a foreign king that had ruled and died 5 centuries before he was born? Why would the cartouche of a native Egyptian king 5 centuries dead be put on the monuments of Ethiopian and other kings that had ruled as much as 5 centuries afterwards? Herodotus states that Necho II began to dig the first canal in Egypt. However, he decided to not finish it since the oracles told him it would help other countries more than the natives of Egypt. The inscriptions of Darius the Great state that the Egyptian king that began the canal project that Darius finished was Ramesses II. Necho II (Greek) and Ramesses II (Egyptian) are one and the same king.


Proof 5:  Sothic dates

Berossos' Deluge date (36,358 BCE) holds 25 Egyptian Sothis cycles (1460 X 25 = 36,500) within it ending on the 2nd year of Antoninus Pius (143 CE). Africanus' first book of Manetho starts on the 5th to the last Sothis cycle at 5698 BCE. The Book of Sothis has a king list that has a marker to the 3rd to last Sothis cycle at 2778 BCE. The original end of the third and last book of Manetho was the last (30th) native dynasty where a New Sothic Era began in the 16th year of Nectanebo II (353 BCE). The new era put Victorian 25 year counts at 78, 53, 28, and 03 for BCE centuries afterwards. After the new era event occurred (354 BCE) it changed the equinox dates. The first new spring equinox date was observed in 353 BCE for the new era. A new era was also desired after the important number of 36,000 years had passed since the Deluge. Another earlier era cycle was based on an ancient calendar reform after an event did the same thing in 3761 BCE and for the same reason a new spring equinox count was started in 3760 BCE. Victorian (25 year) cycle counts based on this equinox date put the last two digits for all era centuries within it at 85, 60, 35, and 10. This means the 7th year of Sesostris III was 1860 BCE. Since the 4th year of Sesostris III is tied to a T cycle event at 1863 BCE, this earlier era is independently confirmed. The Aswan inscription connects the previous Sothis Era count at 730 years to the 1st year (960 BCE) of Tuthmosis II to the 1st of Ptolemy IV Philopator (230 BCE). The obvious fact is that 730 years is not divisible evenly by a 25 year cycle without a remainder, which suggests that there are two different Sothis eras within Egyptian chronology. Since the Papyrus Rylands 666 states that Ptolemy VI Philometer 2nd year was a Sothis year (178 BCE) and that in his 7th year there occurred a T cycle event (173 BCE), this second Sothis Era (353 BCE) is also independently confirmed with a 7 year separation between the two Sothis Era Victorian 25 year cycles.


Proof 6:  Cyrus II first year 576 BCE or 559 BCE

Ancient Persian chronology has a traditional date of 576 BCE for the start of Cyrus (II) the Great's reign, which is 17 years earlier than the conventional chronology and Ptolemy's eclipse data has for the start of the empire at 559 BCE. Josephus' chronology upholds an empire rule of 246 1/2 years supporting the traditional founding date, which was used as a pillar for chronology by other nations. Would other nations use a false pillar? Oddly, Ptolemy's eclipse records do not match astronomical retro-calculations. Since Sennacherib died during the reign of Hezekiah and Hezekiah died in 686 BCE, means that Ptolemy's Royal Canon is in need of correction. However, the eclipse data of Ptolemy must by design have its own internal integrity to its purpose. Nabopolassar ruled for 29 years and his son Nebuchadnezzar II ruled for 43 years as king of Babylon. At the start of Nebuchadnezzar II 19th year, the year he took Jerusalem, was also the end of his father’s new era (22nd year). The Nabopolassar Era began (May 620 BCE) after the fall of the last main Assyrian forces in the city of Harran, which occurred 8 years after Nabopolassar began ruling in Babylon and 2 years after the fall of Nineveh (March 622 BCE). It was after the fall of Nineveh `during' the reign of Nabopolassar that his son Nebuchadnessar II was married to the daughter of the king of the Medes and contractually made king of Babylon, which replaced the double kingship of Kassite co-rulers that had been a fixture of Babylonian political institutions for 576 years 9 months since June 8th 1199 BCE. In 617 BCE Nebuchadnezzar II was made commander of a Chaldean army from, which year count is one of three the Bible uses for Nebuchadnezzar II. Two different reign counts for Nabopolassar and three different counts for Nebuchadnezzar II. Nebuchadnezzar II reign in Babylonian did not begin in 604 BCE as the Royal Canon has it but started at 622 BCE an ellipse cycle 18 years earlier. This makes 555 BCE the 2nd year of Cyrus (II) the Great as ruler of the city of Babylon, which conforms to the traditional founding date of the ancient Persian empire (576 BCE) because Cyrus (II) the Great ruled Babylon for the last 9 years of his 29 year reign as Babylon business documents prove. Ptolemy's list of eclipses, while being late by one cycle, still fit the pattern of past eclipse cycles in the records: 


Nabopolassar 2nd year                 627 BCE
Nebuchadnezzar II 14th year        609 BCE Nabopolassar (new era) 12th year
Nebuchadnezzar II 32nd year       591 BCE
Nabonidus 1st year                       573 BCE
Cyrus II 2nd year                          555 BCE Babylon city year count
Darius 3rd year                             537 BCE
Darius 21st year                            519 BCE
Xerxes 3rd year                             501 BCE
Xerxes 21st year                            483 BCE
Artaxerxes 18th year                     465 BCE


Artaxerxes II reign is given as 46 years. There are few records of the latter half of the Persian Empire that have been found. However, there is an unpublished document BM 65494 Artaxerxes VI.4.50 [6th month 4th day 50th year] (E. Leichty and A. K. Grayson, Catalogue of the Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum, Vol. VII (London, 1987), page 153) that states that Artaxerxes reached at least into his 50th year. Now, multiple double dated records exist for the last (41st) year of Artaxerxes I with the ascension year of Darius II and it is known that Artaxerxes III invaded Egypt in his 19th year and died a few years afterwards. That leaves Artaxerxes II as the only candidate for an increased reign by an additional 18 years that would be needed to keep latter records in conformity with the lunar cycle. The hard fact is that the record that exists fits the fact that Artaxerxes II reign was longer than 46 years. Ptolemy transposed the number of years of reign for Artaxerxes II from 64 to 46 year or a difference of 18 years less in order to overcome the difficulties of his non concurrent reigns of Nabopolassar and Nebuchadnezzar II.

There is always a great deal of resistance to change and no doubt that reasons and good ones will be brought forward that a single imperfect and unpublished ancient document should not be able to tip the balance and change, literally, history because of a `known' scribal error. That seems good advice. However, ancient documents that disagree with accepted theory do not get attention or even published as this one did not because they are deemed unreliable documents. Alto that does not change the fact of the placement for the start of the Persian Empire at 576 BCE or 246 1/2 years (Josephus) before Alexander (III) the Great took Babylon. The document only adds to the greater balance of the traditional era and agrees with T and Y cycles in the records.


Proof 7:  The end of Shang, the armies of Choa (1199 BCE and 1078 BCE), and the two sun risings of emperor I
         
Significant astronomical proofs in Chinese records for planetary placements offer us correct chronological syncs. Dixin, the last dynastic king of the Shang dynasty, in his reign a `mandate of heaven' event occurred where 5 planets lined up together. The conventional date for the end of the Shang dynasty, which happened in the 53nd year of Dixin's reign is 1111 BCE. However, the T cycle correlation is 1199 BCE for his 35th year. The inscription of the Mandate of Heaven was written between the events of the 31st and 33rd years. The planets line up in 1203 BCE October 15th, which corresponds to his 31st year. However, the planets also line up in 1201 BCE September 15th or his 33rd year. Check web site: 

http://www.fourmilab.ch


Use path:  solar system and input data of UT (-1203:10:15) for his 31st year or UT (-1201:09:15) for his 33rd year. In the 35th year of Dixin a famine occurred, which corresponds to the worldwide catastrophe of 1199 BCE June 8th and the start of Wu Shang dynasty.

The next dynasty places the death of king Choa and six armies by a natural catastrophe in the year 1078 BCE in a T cycle event year. The Irish bog ring for this event represents 1077 BCE. Thus, we have very highly correlated and fully independent evidence from astronomical, cyclical (T), and dendrochronology that creates the highest degree of dependability of any ancient dated event in history. The rising, lowering down, and second rising of the Sun in the first year of "I" is another (T) cycle event like the 715 BCE movement of the dial of Ahaz.

 
  BCE

  1233  Dixin                   34

  1199  Wu  Shang            7
  1192  Cheng                 37
  1155  Kang                   26
  1129  Chao                   51
  1078  Mu                      55
  1023  Kung                   12

  1018  I                           25


Proof 8:  Hammurabi's 46 year reign

During the reign of Hammurabi the 354 day calendar continued to be used in Babylon despite that the number of days per orbit changed to 360 days in his 7th year (1440 BCE). However, switching to a 360 day calendar did not occur in the city of Babylon until after the Earth reversed poles and rotation in the 38th year of Hammurabi in 1409 BCE). The first Babylon dynasty has two chronological systems. The length of Hammurabi's reign is given as 43 years in one and 55 years in the other. Hammurabi's father is given 20 years in one of the two systems. However, it seems the 43 number of years is only a copy of the reign length of Nebuchadnezzar II. The proper length equals a total of 75 years for both kings (20 + 55 = 75). It is stated that the cannon was decreased by 3 years to fit the chronicle system. A 46 to 29 year split is supported by T & Y cycles in the events of the Venus Tablets for Ammizaduga's 9th & 19th years.


Proof 9:  Bible

KJH Biblical chronology:

Part one

Below is the usual Biblical chronology given in the Bible with some amendments. The Bible uses an artificial system based on 40 year generations. The 400 years between Jacob's 130 years of life to when Moses was 80 years old is a case in point as is the 480 years between the exodus out of Egypt and the 4th year of Solomon. These systems are not exact year date systems. However, they do represent a system of overall exactness from point to point. There are exactly 400 years from Jacob to Moses from the points given. However, the 4th year of Solomon is itself an artificial construct derived by giving 40 years as the length for his reign. Most interesting though is the fact that the dynasty marked by Josephus as being a Hebrew dynasty (Manetho's 15th Egyptian dynasty) that ruled Egypt for about 250 years fits well within that system between the end of the 12th dynasty and the birth of Moses (1530 BCE). The period between the Exodus and the building of the first Temple is 480 years when the periods of enslavement are counted as concurrent to the reigns of the judges. The separate Samaritan chronicle confirms the passage of the first three centuries after the Exodus. Other small differences are that the 8 year reign of Abdon was contemporary with Elon and that Abdon died later in the same year as Elon, that Eli reigned only thirty years, that the interregnum between Eli and Samuel's victory was only 18 years and not twenty, and Saul reigned 22 years and not 40. The last is confirmed by the fact that David received the whole kingdom in less than seven and a half years from the time of Samuel's death. Samuel died at the age of 85 after Saul had reigned 18 years, which fits a reign of 30 years for Eli since Samuel was 12 years old at that time. Saul's son ruled 2 years after Saul only leaving five and a half years as possible additional years for Saul's reign. The number 22 is often given for the missing part of the passage in Josephus, which is used to justify a reign length of 40 years (18+22) for Saul. However, the usual formula is not used as it was important to note when Samuel died to know the correct passage of time. If 22 is the correct number in the passage as the heritage of giving Saul 40 years suggests, then 22 is not additional years after Samuel's death but the total number of years of Saul's reign.


Israel chronology BCE

  2140   Abraham           100
  2040   Isaac                    60
  1980   Jacob                 130
  1850   Israel                  400          Samaritan Chronicle
  1450   Moses (80)
                                                      1530   Moses               120
  1440   Exodus                 40         1410   Joshua                28
                                                      1382   Interregnum       18
  1400   Othniel                 40        1364   Cushan                  8
                                                      1356   Nathanel               9
  1360   Ehud                     80        1347   Jehud                  18
                                                      1329   Gomer                 20
  1280   Shamgar                 1        1309   Parak                   30
                                                      1279   Jabin                    20
  1279   Deborah               40        1259   Deborah               23 20
                                                      1236   Midianites              7
  1239   Gideon                 40         1229   Gideon                 30

  1199   Abimelech              3
  1196   Tola                      23
  1173   Jair                       22         1169   Ammonites           18
  1151   Jephthath              6
  1145   Izban                     7          1145   Abhoda                  9
  1138   Elon                     10          1136   Ebhen Lel             28
  1136   Abdon                   8       
  1128   Samson               20
  1108   Eli                        30  40     1108   Anitel                   40
  1078   Interregnum        18  20     1068   SMSM
  1060   Samuel                37  40
  1023   Saul                     22  40
  1001   Ishbosheth            2
   999   David                    33
   966   Solomon              38  40


Part two

There are four chronological pillars used in Bible chronology after Solomon:  The fifth year of Rehoboam (924 BCE), Era of Nabonassar (747 BCE), the first year of Cyrus (II) the Great (576 BCE), and the year Alexander (III) the Great conquered Persia (330 BCE). Major changes are required in Kings II because of an internal chronological problem in the Bible, which is responsible for the creation of twin Ahaziahs, Jorams, and Jezebels (Athaliah) – one real and one not. The cause of such an outcome is Ahab's two deaths, which are both written into the story of the Old Testament as Velikovsky pointed out. One tradition gave the death of Ahab as occurring after the battle of Ramoth-gilead while the other gave that he survived and reigned a significant period of time after that battle. The chronology of the Bible uses the story line that Ahab died at the battle. This is wrong and the consequences are that the real characters and events become mirrored and occur twice. In order to accomplish this both Ahab and Jehoshaphat required fictitious successors named Ahaziah and Joram in opposite order relative to the other. To tie up both ends Ahaziah and Jezebel had to die twice. This could only be accomplished by creating a fictitious Ahaziah of Israel and Athaliah of Jerusalem. Interesting consequences with these rearrangements are that the real Joram with a reign of 12 years is given to be an Israel king when he is a king of Jerusalem and only rules after the death of Ahaziah king of Judah who reigned for 8 years and was a son of Ahab. Ahaziah son of Ahab married the daughter of Jehoshaphat and became king of Jerusalem after all of the sons of Jehoshaphat were killed in the wars that Jehoshaphat fought. Another point of the same kind of divergence is that Joash king of Jerusalem with a reign of 40 years is also Joash son of Jehu who took Jerusalem in the 14th year of Amaziah. Joash son of Jehu ruled both Samaria and Jerusalem as did his son Uzziah also known as Azariah. Yet the greatest fiction in Bible chronology is the demise of Israel in the reign of Hezekiah. Conventional chronology places the sack of Samaria by Sargon II (722 BCE) as the functional date of this event. The transference of Israel out of history in either the 8th or 7th century BCE are fictions for Joahaz came to rule during the start of the 2nd year of the siege of Samaria by Shalmaneser and the eighth year of Joash II son of Joahaz king of Israel was the 14th sole year of Hezekiah (687 BCE). The kingdom of Israel did experience a number of dispersions; in the 8th year of Tiglath-pileser III (722 BCE), at the end of 6th year of the regency of Hezekiah (710 BCE) after the sack of Samaria by Shalmaneser (that is used by the Bible as an impossible marker for the death of king Uzziah), an actual dispersal during the non-regency reign of Hezekiah (where the end of Israel's ten tribes were falsely placed at 687 BCE), and the final one at the end of the reign of Hoshea where the end of Israel as a nation was affected by Nebuchadnezzar II when he sacked Samaria in 595 BCE three years after sacking Jerusalem.

Clearly, the usual Bible chronology simply will not fit by the numbers. Jehu kills Ahab the king of Israel and Ahaziah king of Jerusalem directly after each other. However, the death of the kings of Israel and Jerusalem do not coincide to the same year in the conventional chronology. Kings of Jerusalem when counted out give Uzziah's death (710 BCE) at 5 years after the death of Ahaz (715 BCE), which is a clear impossibility and a sure artificial construct. Once Joash son of Joahaz is placed in his proper century there is no Joash of Israel to beat Amaziah. Switching Joram with his twelve years and Joash with his generation (40) rule puts the story into concert with the known history. Getting rid of the false doubles places the end of Joash at 776 BCE and the end of Uzziah at 741 BCE, which are correct placements. In order to reconcile the death of Ahaziah king of Jerusalem in 834 BCE after an eight year reign to the beginning of Jehu's reign the whole structure of Israel kings is shifted 4 years from the death of Solomon to the fifth year of Rehoboam and the 40 year reign of Joash is shorten by 4 years to 36, which is acceptable with the rules governing what the length a Hebrew generation could represent (35-40 years). When the reign lengths of Ahab and Jehu are switched, the chronology is reconciled to their proper placements.


Part three

The traditional placements of the first year of Jotham (747 BCE) to the first of Cyrus (II) the Great (576 BCE) are exact. However, one of the reign lengths is not. The system used was lengthened by Manasseh's elongated reign by an additional 20 years from 35 to 55. By adding a fictitious king Amon, the name of an Egyptian god, increased the length 2 years for a total of 22 additional years to bridge the points from the destruction of Jerusalem (598 BCE) to the first of Cyrus (II) the Great (576 BCE). The death of Josiah marks the date of the fall of Assyria (620 BCE). Nabopolassar ruled for 29 years. However, after his victory over the Assyrian Empire he began numbering his years anew. Nabopolassar died 21 years 3 months (22nd year) after the fall of Assyria at Harran, which was just after the fall of Jerusalem in the 19th year of Nebuchadnezzar II as commander of the army and his 25th year as king of Babylon. Josephus gives the Persian Empire 246 1/2 years from the first year of Cyrus (II) the Great in 576 BCE to the conquest of Persia by Alexander (III) the Great in 330 BCE.


Conventional Bible chronology

   BCE                            Reign       BCE                             Reign

   928   Rehoboam         17         928   Jehoboam            22
   911   Abia                       3         906   Nadab                    2
   908   Asa                       41         904   Baasha                 24
   867   Jehoshaphat       25         880   Elah                        2
   842   Joram                    8         878   Omri                     12
   834   Ahaziah                 1         866   Ahab                    22
   833   Athaliah                 2         844   Ahaziah                 2
   831   Joash                   40         842    Jehu                    28
   762   Uzziah                 52         802   Joahaz                  17
                                                       785   Joash                    16
   747   Jotham                16        769   Jeroboam II           41
   731   Ahaz                    16        728   Zachariah + Shallum
   715   Hezekiah             29                  Menahem             10
   686   Manasseh           55         718   Pekahiah                2
   631   Amon                    2          716   Pekah                   20
   629   Josiah                  31          696   Hoshea                  9
   598   Jehoahaz  3 M 10 d         687   Ten tribes dispersed
            Jehoiakim           11
   587   Jehoiachin  3 months
            Zedechiah           11
   576   First of Cyrus II 246
   330   Alexander the Great


      KJH chronology

   928   Rehoboam              17            924   Jeroboam            22
   911   Abia                           3             902   Nadab                   2
   908   Asa                           41            900   Baasha                 24
   867   Jehoshaphat           25            876   Elah                        2
                                                               874   Omri                     12
   842   Ahaziah                      8            862   Ahab                     28
   834   Joram                       12            834   Jehu                      22
   822   Amaziah                   14 29       812   Joash                   36 40
   808   Joash                        32
   776   Uzziah                      35 52       776   Azariah                 29

   747   Jotham                     16            747   Pekah                    24
   731   Ahaz                         16            722   Menahem             12 Azia
   715   Hezekiah Regency  15            711   Joahaz                  17
   700   Hezekiah                  14 29       694   Joash II                 16
   686   Manasseh                35 55+2   678   Jeroboam II         41
   651   Josiah                        31            637   Zachariah + Shallum  1
   620   Jehoahaz      3m                       636   Menahem II         10
            Jehoiakim                 11             626   Pekahiah                 2
   609   Jehoiachin    3m                       624   Pekah II                 20
            Zedechiah                 11            604   Hoshea                    9

   598   Sack of Jerusalem                     595   Sack of Samaria


 

Index 2: Time line

 

CC - Chinese Classics

PC - Polar Configuration

SE - Solar eclipse

LE - Lunar eclipse

SK - Shepherd Kings = Hyksos

WG - World G

 

36358 BCE Deluge on 2nd month 17th day the geo Pleistocene boundary event: Pole reversal - First of 3 last remembered historical reversals Actual year was 36,357 BCE

10498 BCE Atlantis bent on dominating the whole world attempts to destroy Athens by an electronic beam thru the Earth, but ignites underground natural gas reserves instead - atmosphere is blown into space Stars changed pattern in the sky - far fewer stars seen - years averaged 350 days - Moon 22 days

9568 BCE Atlantis sinks under the waves after 3rd catastrophe in a millennium marking the end of the new age of Adam - stars change pattern in sky

5536 BCE Uenephes Great Famine

5502 BCE Babylon exodus: Language diverges - walled communities start

5475 BCE Semempses Great calamity many portents

5415 BCE Boethos Huge hole opened at Bubastus swallowing many

5235 BCE Nephercheres Nile flowed with honey for 11 days

5114 BCE Necherophoes - Moon waxed beyond reckoning - average 14 day months - stars changed pattern in sky

4270 BCE Dendrochronology mark 3761 BCE Oct. 7th reform: 360 `day' year and rotation & 20 `day' Moon counts

3760 BCE Victorian 25 year cycles counted marking Egyptian Sothis dates

3398 BCE Kings of men first began to rule everywhere on the Earth

3156 BCE Boom from Heaven: Start of the Mahabharata War

3119 BCE Mid Holocene event: Gravity value doubled - Extinctions - Feb 17/18 years of 365 `days' with 40 `day' months (Feb 20)

2812 BCE Dendrochronology event marker - Mayan calendar <-2840>

2778 BCE Concharis 6th year is 23rd Sothis cycle of 1460 years

2315 BCE

2255 BCE Gutium invasion begins near the end of Naram-Sin grandson of Sargon the Great - end of Unas - First year of Shun; CC: Brilliant star came out of Fang (Libra) - dendrochronology marker

2249 BCE Six year kingless period in Egypt begins - dendrochronology marker

2155 BCE The end of the Gutium period during the reign of Utuhegal (5th) year 5th year of Zhongkang Oct. 12; CC: Eclipse

2061 BCE Beginning of famine - Abram left Ur after 1 year of famine (2060 BCE)

2045 BCE Middle Kingdom of Egypt in Mentuhotpe II (14th) year - Ur III endDestruction of Sodom & Gomorrah (Lot leave on passover April 14th) - Birth of Ismael - polar reversal

2040 BCE Birth of Isaac

2015 BCE Sacrifice of Isaac at 25 1966 BCE Start of 354.2 day years one year before the passing of Abraham

1893 BCE 8th year of Jin; CC: Inauspicious portents in sky - ten suns; Jacob wakes up to plasma aftereffect: Ladder and spiral stairway to Heaven

1873 BCE 7th year of Fa; CC: Mt. Tae shook

1863 BCE 4th year of Sesostris III Joseph 17 - changed heavenly order 10th year of Jie; CC: Planets went out of their courses, stars fell like rain, and the rivers E and Loh became dry

1842 BCE Start of 9 year war of Sesostris III and 7 year famine also in China

1833 BCE Jacob dies at 147 years - end of 9 year war in taking Argos 393 years before the exodus
1718 BCE Manetho New Kingdom start 7 centuries early

1622 BCE Bristlecone pine irregular tree ring event - Job Traditional date that Assyria lost the battle with India

1530 BCE Birth of Moses - Flood of Ogyges in Egypt October 31st Halloween - Irish king died along with 3/4 of the islands population Oct. 31

1529 BCE Feb 4th Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, and 4th visitor (Vulcan) - dendro 511 years of foreign occupation of Egypt first by Ethiopians then SK

1440 BCE Exodus: 10 plagues & parting of the reed sea - SK 453 year occupation 7th year of Hammurabi - 360 day year with 30 full day Moon periods

1410 BCE Joshua event - last historic polar reversal - 38th year of Hammurabi

1318 BCE 24th Sothis cycle 1460 - Menophreus Era = XIII dynasty Menoffire Ai Manetho Ramesses II solo reign begins 4 centuries after NK start

1289 BCE 9th year of Ammisaduga - Venus tablet

1279 BCE Jabinite slavery of Israel - Ammisaduga 19th year; missing tablet data 3rd year of Wenwuding; CC: River flow interrupted 3 times

1259 BCE Song of Deborah

1248 BCE End of first Babylon dynasty and Samsuditana

1229 BCE 1st of Gideon - 5th year of Dixin; CC: a shower of earth occurred
1199 BCE June 8th 576 3/4 years of Kassite rulers - 35th year of Dixin; CC: Great famine - end of Gideon - Takeloti II 15th year Omen Mesori 25

1185 BCE 15th year of Shoshenq III

1172 BCE 28th year of Shoshenq III Apis born

1169 BCE Beginning of the 17th dynasty of Egypt

1108 BCE Death of Samson

1078 BCE End of Eli; Josephus: Samuel at 12 - loss of Ark - dendro marker - 52nd year of Chao; CC: Comet seen then death of king and 6 armies

1060 BCE Beginning of Samuel's rule: Victory in battle - irregular tree ring signature in the master dendrochronology - end of Tiglath-pileser

1018 BCE Saul ends 3 year siege of foreign SK capital after 5 years as ruler Beginning of the 18th dynasty of Egypt - 1st of Peshgaldaramas First year of I; CC: Two sun rises in one day

1006 BCE 6 months after David becomes king of Judah he sees and hears the star

  988 BCE Earthquake and plague of king David starts

  987 BCE End of plague - last Shepherd King (SK) city taken ending 453 years of Hyksos (SK) dominance in Egypt & the Middle East - 8th Babylon Dynasty

  966 BCE End of David's reign: Earth movement

  958 BCE Queen of Sheba (Hatsheput Queen of Egypt & Ethiopia)

  928 BCE End of Solomon's reign

  898 BCE Asa having reigned ten years: Triumph over Zariah & Ethiopian army Sack of Babylon by Mursilius and death of Ea-gamil last Sealand king

  872 BCE (880) Four Masters: End of the rule of Enda by plague

  868 BCE Founding of Samaria by Omri and Calah by Assurnasirpal; Tree killing event - 3rd year of Yu; CC: Thunder & lightning with no clouds in sky

  838 BCE Mid reign of Ahaziah's 8 year rule directly after Jehoshaphat

  810 BCE July 17th on 51st year of Ping; CC & WG: Eclipse

  808 BCE 5th year of Akhenaten - 3rd year of Huan 2nd month day jen-chen[29]

  776 BCE Saturday July 14th First Olympiad - End of Suppilulliumas

  757 BCE Start of the Trojan War - 1st year of Ashur-Dan III also 7th and 12th year plagues and 9th year solar eclipse in 3rd month Simanu (Siwan)

  747 BCE Thursday Feb. 26 Destruction of Troy - Babylon Era - Thoth 1 - Rome founded Monday April 21 - Brutus leaves Italy - T and Y cycle convergence: WIC

 717 BCE Dial of Ahaz - Romulus taken up to heaven by a whirlwind June 5th

 702 BCE 14th year of Hezekiahs' regency

  690 BCE Trojan warrior founds the city of Gela

  687 BCE March 23, 14th year of Hezekiah sole reign; Death of Sennacherib Calendar changes from 360 day years to 365 day years with Moon periods of 29 1/2 days from full 30 day periods - single 367 day year

  625 BCE 10th year of Ching II; CC

  622 BCE March 13th Sack of Nineveh - 13th year of Ching II; CC: Star Nebuchadnezzar II king of Babylon in his fathers 7th year

  620 BCE Nabopolossar New Era Abu 12 (July 24) sacking of Haran Assyria falls

  618 BCE Ramses II solo reign 7 centuries earlier than Manetho's book

  617 BCE Nebuchadnezzar II Era as commandar of the army 598 BCE July 2nd taking of Jerusalem - 19th year of Nebuchadnezzar II 22nd year of Nabopolossar new Era and 24th year of Nebuchadnezzar II as king of Babylon

  595 BCE Sack of Samaria - 6th year of the war (Alyattes) - Thales eclipse - Muwatallis mid reign - 14th year of Ching III; CC: Milky Way not visible

  566 BCE First year of Amasis king of Egypt - 7th year of Arnuwandus IV - 43rd year of Ching III; CC: Tan river stopt

  560 BCE 6th year of Yuan; CC: Kwie and Tan rivers interrupted

  528 BCE [11th] year of Darius: Meton Moon cycle instituted after octaeteriscycle no longer applied in the 19th year of Darius the Great

  504 BCE Founding of the Roman Republic - Battle of Marathon Sept 7th

  497 BCE July 15th Battle of Salamis at the end of the 6th year of Xerxes

  476 BCE 15th year of An; CC: Great wind and dusk at noon

  434 BCE 23rd year of Hsien; CC: Earth rent - End of Cordeilla   

  354 BCE Sack of Rome in its 400th year - 7th year of king Belinus - Years of 365 1/4 days begins - Suns present magnitude begins

  353 BCE Sunday March 23 (Nisan 6) spring equinox - Egyptian 5 Tybi Nectanebo II 16th year night 21/22 Pharmouthis (July 7/8) Full Moon Astronomical retro-calculation for Full Moon: July 26th

  341 BCE 6th year of Chao-Hsiang; CC: solar eclipse

  324 BCE Death of Alexander the Great (III) in the 114th Olympiad June 22nd Pharmuthi 13: Day star seen; Earth movement

  279 BCE 7th year of Hui Ti 5th month day ting-mao[4]; S

  247 BCE Arsacid Era - first calendar with a 366 day count every 4 years - Calendar reform - Year 65 SE 5th month 28th day; solar eclipse 9th year March 9th of Ptolemy III: Heavens change order - (12th) year of Ching Ti; CC: Sun moves back 3 solar houses

  216 BCE year 97 SE 9th month [13] night; lunar eclipse

  203 BCE End of Regniel King of Britain

  184 BCE 4th year of Cheng-ho

  173 BCE 7th year of Ptolemy VI - 7th year of Antiochus IV

  153 BCE End of Demetrius red disc - Naturales Quaestions VII, 15

  143 BCE Sack of Carthage - Callippus Moon cycle - Tree killing event Year 168 SE 11th month 13th day; lunar eclipse

  122 BCE Event of the greatest irregular tree ring of 1st millennium BCE

    91 BCE [3rd year] Wang Mang (11 AD or 101 years conventionally off); Dhillon, B. S. : Yellow river changes course

    52 BCE Disturbance 365 1/3 day years began 37 BCE Roman calendar of 365 1/3 day years instituted - Caesar's Ides of March comet

    24 BCE 7th year of Herod; Josephus: Great earthquake at the start of spring Days of a 365 year neat (no extra day per 3 years for 36 years) CE

 

      4 CE 41st year of Augustus; Ireanaeus, Tertullian: Star of Bethlehem which is the Star of David - Birth of Jesus Thursday nite March 19th or Friday nite Tybi 10th when the Moon was in 1st year of Shang Ti; conventional chronology too early by 101 years

      8 CE Saturday March 10th 10:21 PM (Jewish Sunday nite) lunar eclipse for an hour - Ethiopian Calendar Era

    12 CE Julian calendar reinstitution of leap days every 4 years or 12 cycles of triennia left out from the last leap day of 25 BCE to 12 CE

    34 CE Baptism of Jesus in the 15th year of Tiberius September 23rd NYD

    37 CE Friday March 22nd Full Moon the 18th year of Tiberius; Crucifixion:  Syncellus - Chronicon: Darkness in the 6th hour of the day; great earthquake in Bithynia; great loss of life; destruction of Nicaea Eclipse of the Sun on Jewish feast day and later Lunar eclipse Sunday March 24th Resurrection - Retro: March 20th FM

    67 CE Feb 5th Pompeii earthquake

    83 CE Aug 24th Vesuvious eruption

  143 CE Antoninus 2nd year 25th Sothis cycle and New Era Thoth 1 = Thoth 2

  203 CE Vesuvius eruption

  222 CE October 7th; Dio Cassius Bk lxxvii, 30: Conspicuous eclipse during the reign of Macrinus

  249 CE (241) 14th year of Cormac; Four Masters: Strange portents 249 1st Mo Ti Wu; Chin Shu (15 years dif off standard chronology):

  250 CE New chronological era; Roman: 20th of the month equinox - plague 2/5 254 CE Roman: Famine 5,000 died in one day - Rome 11th month 5th year; Chin Shu: Hui comet - Ho #?

  310 CE End of Constantius

  316 CE Oct 28th Constantine battle of the Milvian bridge; Roman: Cross in sky

  340 CE March 25; Chin Shu: Po comet - Ho 169

  341 CE May 22 end of Constantine; Riccioli: at the feast of Pentecost eclipse

  348 CE chi-mao night 8th month 5th year of Mu Ti; Chin Shu: Heavens disrupted, thunder, and wild birds heard

  369 CE July 21; Marcellinus: 2nd year of Valen - Thunder and lightning, wind earthquake, and tidal wave

  400 CE 2nd year of Honorius and Arcadius; Marcellinus: Eclipse & earthquake 5th year 8th month (intercalary) kuei-chou day; Chin Shu: heavens from SE roared

  410 CE 1163rd year of Rome August (24); Zosimus: Eclipse of the Sun June 18

  416 CE Java eruption and separation

  418 CE July 19th Friday

  430 CE 6th year Yuan-chia 11th month day chi-chou[26]; stars seen; darkness ended during the hour of fu

  442 CE Destruction of pagan site by St. Patrick

  491 CE Uther began rule of Britain

  502 CE Cedrenus: Earthquake at Constantinople 4th year Ching-ming 5th month day ting-mao[4]

  521 CE Arthur begins rule of Britain

  535 CE 5th year of Justinian; Earthquake: Plague - Irish oak bog marker 536 540 CE dendrochronology tree ring marker for a

  539 event

  551 CE 543 (551) 5th Diamaid; Four Masters: Plague 1/3 dies 552 CE July 9th new calendar Era

  582 CE Gregory of Tours: Great plague

  590 CE Oct. 4th; Rome: Maurice 9th (13th) year eclipse and windstorm 

  642 CE Bede, ASC: Oswald destroys Cadwallon and army First year of Conal II and Dungal

  664 CE ASC; May 11th: eclipse retro: May 1 - record is offered as 3rd 4PM 672 CE 664 (672); Four Masters: Eclipse - February 14th - plague 1/4? died 3rd year of Wulfere; ASC: eclipse

  691 CE Oct. 27th; Nihongi solar eclipse: failed

  692 CE 684 (692) mid reign of Finnachta; Four Masters: Animal mortality Death of Cadwallader

  702 CE First year of Eoacha-Rinevel

  721 CE predicted eclipses failed;

  723 CE Moon - Damaken palm reform from this reference point - 743 CE

  812 CE 1123 SE 14th of Ayyar (May)

  817 CE Oct; Annals of Xanten (Germany): rays of fire appeared in the sky

  853 CE Annals of Xanten: Famine in Saxony 909 CE May 6th; Scotorum: Two Suns

  911 CE 913 CE Worldwide tree decline Polar Urals dendrochronology

  941 CE Leodienses: Comet 942 CE First year of Malcolm

  944 CE Sigebertus: Comet

  973 CE New World Era - 2nd regal consecration of Edgar in JEH 33(1982)

  974 CE 3rd year Ten-en 7th m day hsin-wei[8] during the hours of mao & chen

  975 CE Leo Diaconus: Earthquake on `Demetrius Day' - ASC: Comet

1004 CE Besuenses: Comet - 394 AH Rabi al-Awwal 29th Monday (Jan. 24)

1005 CE First year of Malcolm II - Sigebertus: Nova?

1006 CE Mosomagenses: Comet

1017 CE March; Sigebertus: Comet for 4 months

1024 CE Nova

1034 CE June 29 6-8 hour solar eclipse 28th day of the Moon [1033]

1054 CE Crab Nebula

1064 CE E: Battle of b

1067 CE April 24th; Senonesis: Comet appeared in Taurus and moved to extreme Gemini - Sigebertus: Comet near Easter - ASC: Comet First year of Shen Tsung Sung

1097 CE September 29th; Florence: Cross in sky October (first week); Sigebertus: Comet October (15 days); ASC: Comet

1098 CE 3rd year Yuan 4th month day ting-mao[4]

1099 CE November 3rd; ASC: Tidal wave, floods, Thames - many drowned

1106 CE March 22nd Thursday before Easter; ASC: Two full moons before day, one in the east, and another in the west

1130 CE (1124) Year 6632 Aug. 11th, before evening service

1153 CE January 26th; Sun eclipsed while the Moon was outside of the Sun

1191 CE May 1st at the bell of evening services year 6693 June 23rd Sunday *17th* day of the Moon, 3rd hour of the day: Solar eclipse (9th hour also in records)

1192 CE January 15; Humanist Ioudaios: ?

1222 CE June; Florence: Comet

1224 CE Dubbs T.: Heavy and awful shower

1241 CE Oct. 6th Sunday after midday: total solar eclipse, stars seen

1245 CE May 4th; Albertus: Star appeared near ascension day towards South in Capricorn large and bright red - could not be Jupiter in Virgo

1248 CE Egmundani: No snow and heavy floods
1250 CE September 29th; Worcester: Tidal wave

1253 CE 1252 March 13; Holinshed's Chronicles: New Moon 2 days early (15th) retro-calculation of NM: 16:21 1254 CE 1253 Lent (March 2); Holinshed's Chronicle: New Moon 4 days early 6th 3 days early from March 7th

1273 CE May 25th year 6775 in Constantinople; Sun in 4th part of Gemini 3rd hour before midday a total eclipse of 12 digits or points

1274 CE November 19th: Divine Wind 20th 1281 CE August 15 and 16th: Kamakaze

1286 CE January 1st; Wykes: Tidal wave from North Sea - 1st year of Margaret

1349 CE 1345 `Jolt' Black Plague; Chris Marx 1457 CE 1456 CE Theodor Gaster: Comet - First year of 2nd term of Ying Tsung Ming

1487 CE Tree line in N. Russia moved south 200 miles 1505 CE First year of Chu Hou-chao Ming

1547 CE April 23-25 Kepler on the authority of Gemma - stars seen during noon Little Ice Age starts

1567 CE April 9th midday at Rome: Sun eclipsed - ring

1577 CE The comet of 1577 observed by Tycho Oct. 27 perihelion 0.18 AU Nov. 13 comet head 8 arc minutes whitish (Saturn like)

1607 CE 1605 Oct; total solar eclipse at Naples: ring - stars not seen

1637 CE Feb 2nd collapse of tulip speculation 1630 CE Two comets fighting in heaven

1692 CE June 7th; Port Royal: Utter destruction

1755 CE November 1st and 18th: Lisbon and Boston earthquakes

1788 CE Schroeter observes a round shadow on the Moon

1819 CE Nov. 8-10 "Phenomena of 1819"; (Scientific American 44: 329, 1881) 1848 CE March 19 during lunar eclipse Moon illuminated blood red

1879 CE March 14 Russell & Hirst observe Moon shaded - a body eclipsed Sun

1912 CE March 7 Dark Day 1943 CE Famine

1973 CE Star of Bethlehem the Star of David near the Moon Aug. 31, 1973

2005 CE Mid year 7 years of worldwide rule begins 2006 CE Feb 17th 8:13 PM PST Vulcan in Sagittarius duration 317 days Dec 31 2005 CE Irish Flood prophized by St. Patrick

2012 CE Year of Second Coming - end of 19th cycle of Nostradamus period of 548 years (20 cycles of 27.4 days {years}) from 1492 to 2040 minus the 20th cycle of 27.4 years equals 2012.6 CE 

 

 

Index 3:  Historic Chronologies based on T & Y cycles


Israel
Byblos - Maria - Tyre - Heraclides/Lydia - Mitanni/Medes 
Rome
Ancient British
Kent - West Saxon - Scotland
Northumbria - Mercia - Angles and others
Ancient Irish
Egyptian
Assyrian
Sumerian/Babylonian
China
Korea
Japan
India



The author has the very highest confidence in all the dates for the king 
lists in these chronologies even when major resynchronizations have been 
applied. 




Israel chronology

    2140   Abraham          100
    2040   Isaac             60
    1980   Jacob            130
    1850   Israel           400     Samaritan Chronicle
    1450   Moses (80)       
                                    1530   Moses              120
    1440   Exodus            40     1410   Joshua              28
                                    1382   Interregnum         18
    1400   Othniel           40     1364   Cushan               8
                                    1356   Nehtanel             9
    1360   Ehud              80     1347   Jehud               18
                                    1329   Gomer               20
    1280   Shamgar            1     1309   Parak               30
                                    1279   Jabin               20
    1279   Deborah           40     1259   Deborah             23 20
                                    1236   Midianites           7
    1239   Gideon            40     1229   Gideon              30

    1199   Abimelech          3
    1196   Tola              23
    1173   Jair              22     1169   Ammonites           18
    1151   Jephthath          6
    1145   Izban              7
    1138   Elon              10
    1128   Samson            20
    1108   Eli               30
    1078   Interregnum       18
    1060   Samuel            37
    1023   Saul              22 40
    1001   Ishbosheth         2
     999   David             33
     966   Solomon           38 40
     928   Rehoboam          17      924   Jeroboam            22
     911   Abia               3      902   Nadab                2
     908   Asa               41      900   Baasha              24
     867   Jehoshaphat       25      876   Elah                 2
     842   Ahaziah            8      874   Omri                12
     834   Joram             12      862   Ahab                28 22
     822   Amaziah           14      834   Jehu                22 28
     808   Joash             32 29   812   Joash               36 40
     776   Uzziah            35 52   776   Azariah             29

     747   Jotham            16      747   Pekah               24
     731   Ahaz              16      723   Menahem             12 Ausi 3 weeks
     715   Hezekiah Regency  15      711   Joahaz              17
     700   Hezekiah          14 29   694   Joash II            16
     686   Manasseh          35 55   678   Jeroboam II         41
     651   Josiah            31      637   Zachariah + Shallum  1
     620   Jehoahaz           3      636   Menahem II          10
     617   Jehoiakim          8 11   626   Pekahiah             2
     609   Jehoiachin         4      624   Pekah II            20
     605   Zedechiah          7 11   604   Hoshea II            9
     598   Sack of Jerusalem         595   Sack of Samaria

  BCE                                                    Tr
#1  1450   Aaron, son of Amram                       37  40
           Nadab, son of Aaron
           Abihu, son of Aaron
    1413   Eleazar, son of Aaron                     60  50
    1353   Phinehas, son of Eleazar                  61  60
    1292   Abisha, son of Phinehas                   37  40
    1255   Shishai, son of Abisha                    56  50
    1199   Bahqi, son of Shishai                     20  35
    1179   Uzzi, son of Bahqi                        40  25
    1139   Shishai II, son of Uzzi                   44  39
    1095   Bahqi II, son of Shishai II               23
    1072   Shebhet, son of Bahqi II                  28      27
    1044   Shallum, son of Shebhet                   21  25
    1023   Hezekiah, son of Shallum                  25  20
#15  998   Jehonathan, son of Hezekiah               23  28
     975   Jair, son of Jehonathan                   22
     953   Daliah, son of Jair                       15  25
     938   Jair II, son of Daliah                    17  19  29
     921   Jehonathan II, son of Jair II             21  28
     900   Ishmael, son of Jehonathan II             26
     874   Tobiah, son of Ishmael                    26  28  19
     848   Zodok, son of Tobiah                      20
     828   Amram II, son of Zodok                    28
     800   Hilkiah, son of Amram II                  24
     776   Amram III, son of Hilkiah                 38
     738   Agob, son of Amram III                    36
     702   Aqbiah, son of Agob                       39
     663   Halel, son of Aqbiah                      45
     618   Seriah, son of Halel                      20  40
     598   Interregnum                               70
#30  528   Josedec, son of Seriah                    50      Jehozadak
     478   Jeshua, son of Jehozadak                  52
     426   Joacim, son of Jeshua                     23
     403   Eliasib, son of Joacim                    12
     391   Judas, son of Eliasib                     22
     369   Johnathan, son of Judas                   20
     349   Jaddua, son of Johnathan                  18      Alexander III
     331   Onias, son of Jaddua                      14
     317   Simon the Just, son of Onias              24
     293   Eleazar, son of of Onias                  21      Ptolemy II 291-255
     272   Interregnum                               41
#40  231   Manasseh, nephew of Eleazar               13      
     218   Onias II, son of Simon the Just           17
     201   Jesus or Jason, bother of Onias II        27
     174   Onias III or Menclaus                     10
     164   Jacimus, son of Onias II                   4
     160   Interregnum                                7
#45  153   Judas, son of Mattathais                   3
     150   Interregnum                                4
     146   Jonathan, son of Mattathais                4
     142   Simon, son of Mattathais                   8
     134   Interregnum                                8
     126   Hyrcanus, son of Simon                    31
      95   Aristobulus, son of Hyrcanus               1
#50   94   Alexander, son of Hyrcanus                27
      67   Interregnum                                7
      60   Aristobulus II, son of Alexander           3
      57   Hyrcanus II, son of Alexander             24
      33   Antigonus, son of Aristobulus II           3
      30   Hannaneel, son of                         13
#55   30   Aristobulus III, grandson of Hyrcanus II  15
      17   Hannaneel 2nd                             10
      15   Jesus, son of Fabi                         7
       7   Simon, son of Boethus                     14
  BCE 10   Mattathias, son of Theophilus             17
   CE  8   Joseph, son of Ellem 1 day March 10th 10:21 PM Lunar eclipse 1 hour 
       8   Joazar, son of Boethus                    30
#60    8   Eleazar, son of Boethus                    6
       8   Jesus, son of Sie                         11
      14   Joazar 2nd                                 
      14   Ananus, son of Seth                       22 23
#65   37   Joseph called Caiaphas                    11
      37   Ismael, son of Fabi                       12
      38   Simon, son of Camithus                    12
      48   Mattathias, son of Ananus                 11
      49   Elioneus, son of Cantheras                14
#70   50   Jonathan, son of Ananus                   13
      54   Theophilus, son of Ananus                  9
      55   Joseph, son of Cainus                      7
      56   Ananus, son of Ananus                     11      James the Just 
      57   Ananias, son of Nebedeus                  18
#75   61   Jonathas, son of Mehmeret                 12      Paul plead before
      62   Joseph Cabi, son of Simon                 12
      62   Jesus, son of Damneus                     11
      63   Eleazar, son of Ananus                     5
      65   Jesus, son of Gamaliel                     9      Gamaliel died 57 
#80   68   Ismael, son of Fabi                        7      last 2 
      68   Simon or Cantheras, son of Beothus         7
      74   Phinehas, son of Samuel the unworthy       1

      75   Av 9th Destruction of Herod's Temple

           Mattathias, son of Theophilus             12

     167   Mattahias          1       169   Jerusalem taken
     166   Judas             16       167   Temple defiled           3
     150   Jonathan           4+4     164   Temple purified by Judas
     142   Simon              8       153   No High Priest (HP)      7
     134   Hyrcanus           8+31     67   No High Preiest (HP)     7
      95   Aristobulus        1    481
      94   Alexander         27
      69   Alexandra          9
      60   Aristobulus II     3             Judas    HP  3
      57   Hyrcanus II       24             Jonathan HP  4 after Judas for 4
      33   Antigonus          3             Simon    HP  4
      30   Herod             37             Hyrcanus HP 31


Events of T & Y cycles plus:

Abraham            2045 BCE  T  Sodom & Gomorrah destruction on Passover
Isaac              2015      T  Sacrifice age 25
Jacob              1893      T  Ladder of Heaven
Joseph age 17      1863      T  Sun & Moon disturbance - 4th year of Pharaoh
Israel             1833      T  died age 147
Hebrew dynasty     1773      T  Manetho's 15th dynasty for 244 years
Job                1622      T  Assyrian battle loses to India
Moses' birth       1530      T  three months afterwards Ogyges flood occurs 
Amram     end      1529      Y  foreign domination of Egypt for 511 years
Exodus             1440      T  Four polar reverals - Red Sea Nisan 21
Joshua  began      1410      T  Jordan Nisan 10 - Jerico     - Sun & Moon 
                                polar reversal
Jabin  began       1279      Y  
Jabin     end      1259      T  
Gideon    end      1199      T  Cosmic worldwide event 1199 BCE June 8th 
Ammonites  began   1169      T     
Shishai II began   1139      T     10,498   Adam             930 
Samson    end      1108      T      9,568   Seth             912
Eli       end      1078      T      8,656   Enos             905
Samuel  began      1060      Y      7,751   Cainan           910 
Saul after 5 years 1018      T      6,841   Maleleel         895
David  began        999      Y      5,946   Jared            947 
David's plague      988      T      4,999   Enoch            365
David     end       966      Y      4,634   Mathusela        949  962
Solomon   end       928      T      3,685   Lamech           648  653  777
Asa after 10 years  898      T      3,037   Noah             950 600 flood
Omri middle         868      T     
Ahaziah middle      838      T      2,525   Shem             100
Amaziah 14th        808      T      2,437   flood             12
Joash     end       776      T      2,425   Arphaxad          35
Jotham  began       747      T & Y  2,390   Sala              30
Ahaz    (16th)      717      T      2,360   Eber              34
Hezekiah 14th       687      T      2,326   Phaleg            30
Joash II 8th        687      T      2,296   Ragau             32
Pekahiah  began     626      T      2,264   Sarug             30
Samaria sacked      595      T      2,234   Nahor             29   79
HP interregnum      153      Y      2,205   Terah             70
Aristobulus II HP    60      Y      2,135   Abram             75
Herod 7th            24 BCE  T      2,061   year of famine at Ur 

A flood            2437 BCE  Y  Josephus:  Arphaxad born 12 years after a flood
Jerusalem sacked    598 BCE     Tammuz 9 (June 30th) 
Temple burned       598 BCE     Ab 9 (July 29th) 
Pompey               57 BCE     May 2nd 
Herod                30 BCE     Enters Jerusalem in a sabbatical year Sivan 6 

Jerusalem fell       75 CE      Av 9 (July 11th) 



     BCE  Byblos 14 kings 380 years             BCE  Maria

    1515  -               23                   1519  Anbu            32
    1492  Abichemou       19                   1487  Anba            17
    1473  Rib-Hadda       21 *                 1470  Bazi            30
    1452  Yakin           27                   1440  Zizi            20
    1425  Yantin          36                   1420  Zimrilim         6
    1389  Zakar-Baals     21                   1414  End
    1368  -                3 
    1365  -               17
    1348  -               28
    1320  -               15
    1305  3 kings        106
    1199  Ahiram          24
    1175  Ithobaal        18 * Ruler not a king
    1157  Yahimilik       22
    1135  End


    Tyre                                       Heraclides 22 kings  505

     BCE                                        BCE  

    1168  -                      15            1228  Heraclides       5
    1153  Pygmalion              39            1223  Hyllus          45
    1114  -                      16
    1098  -                      12            1178  15 kings       366
    1086  Hiram                  18
    1068  -                      20             812  Adyattes        36
    1048  -                      18             776  Ardys           14
    1030  -                      14             762  Meles           12
    1016  Hiram II               30             750  Myrsus          10
     986  Abibaal                12             740  Candaules       17
     974  Hiram II      12th     34
     940  Baleazarus              7 17          723  Gyges           17
     933  Abdastartus             9             706  Ardys           49
     924  Methusastartus         12             657  Sadyattes       12   
     912  Astartus               12             645  Alyattes        57
     900  Aserymus                9             588  Croesus         14
     891  Pheles                8m              574  Cyrus II
     890  Ithobalus              32
     858  Badezorus               6             Mitanni
     852  Matgenus               29  9
     823  Pygmalion II 7th       47             948  Kirta           28
     776  Ethbaal II             34             920  Shuttarna       20
     742  Hiram III               9             900  Saussatar       30
     733  Mattan                  1             870  Artatama        30
     732  Eloulaios              35             840  Satturna II     22
     697  Baal                   20             818  Tusratta        22
     677  kingless period        70             
     607  Ethbaal III            18             
     589  Baal II                10             816  Arbaces         28
     579  Iakinbaal             2m              788  Mandauces       20
          Chelbes              10m              768  Artycas         30
     578  Abbar                 3m              738  Arbianes        22
          Mattan II + Ger-asthart 6             716  Artaeus         40
     572  Interregnum             1             676  Artynes         22
     571  Balatorus               1             654  Astibaras       40
     570  Morbalus                4             614  Astyages        38
     566  Hiram IV       14th    20             576  Darius the Mede


Q. Sheba 9th year (951 BCE) visits Solomon after 20 years of his building TC 
Pygmalion 7th year - Dido Founds Carthage in 816 BCE
Alyattes (50th) year 595 BCE (T) Thales of Milesian predicted eclipse
Syennesis of Cilicia and Labynetus of Babylonia mediated treaty 595 BCE



     BCE  Persia                                BCE  Medes

     702  Achaimenes             25             731  Deioce          55 53
     677  Teispes                35             676  Praortes        22
     642  Cyrus                  40             654  Cyaxares        40
     602  Interregnum             2             614  Astyages        38
     600  Cambyses               24             576  Cyrus II        29
     576  Cyrus II                 


     702  Achaimenes             25             731  Medes          
     677  Teispes                35             576  Cyrus II
     642  Ariaramne              15             650  Scythians       28
                                 27             622  Fall of Nineveh 27
     600  Arsames                22             600  5 year war start 
     578  Hystaspes              39             595  Eclipse of Thales 28th year
     539  Darius                 36                  after the fall of Nineveh
                                   


Roman chronology

     816 BCE Carthage founded - Medes capital sacked by Suppiluliumas
     808 BCE Hercules sacks Troy - Aeneas leaves Troy - Jason kidnaps
              Amazon princess by the shore of the Black Sea
     776 BCE Twins Romulus and Remus born in Rome - First Olympiad
              Jason kidnaps Helen during the sack of Thebes Egypt
     757 BCE Trojan war begins
     747 BCE Troy falls Thursday February 26th - Rome founded April 21st

     753   Romulus          38th  First 6 years with Remus
     715   Interregnum       1 
     714   Numa             47    47 years of continuous peace
     667   Tullus           41
     626   Ancus            25
     601   Tarquinius       37
     564   Servius          39
     525   Tarquinius II    21
     504   Republic founded
     354   Rome sacked (400th)
     142   Carthage sacked
      58   First Triumvirate
      24   Battle of Actium
Common Era
           Augustus         56
      19   Tiberius         23
      42   Caligula          4
      46   Claudius         13
      59   Nero             14
      73   Year of three     1
           Vespasian        10
      83   Titus             2
      85   Domitian         15
     100   Nerva             2
     102   Trajan           19
     121   Hadrian          21
     142   Antoninus        23
     165   Marcus           19
     165   Lucius            8
     180   Commodus         17
     197   Pertinax
     197   Didius
     197   Septimius        18
     202   Caracalla        19
     213   Geta              3
     221   Macrinus          1
     222   Elagabalus        4
     226   Alexander        13
     239   Maximin           3
     242   Gordian I,II,III  6
     248   Philip 1st year   5  Millennia Games
     253   Decius            2
     255   Gallus            2
     257   Valerian          7
     257   Gallienus        15
     272   Claudius II       1
     273   Quintillus
     274   Aurelian          5
     279   Tacitus
     280   Probus            6
     286   Carus             1
     287   Carinus           2
     289   Numerian                 288   Diocletian       21
     289   Maximian         20
     309   Constantius       1      309   Galerius          6
     310   Severus           1      315   Maximius          2
     310   Maxentius         6      317   Licinius         11
     310   Constantine      31
     341   Constantius II   24
     365   Julian            2
     367   Jovian            1
     368   Valentianian     11      368   Valens           15
     379   Gratian           8      383   Theodosius       16
     379   Valentianian II  17

     399   Honorius         29      399   Arcadius         13
     428   Valentianian III 29      412   Theodosius II    42
     457   Maximus                  454   Marcianus         7
     457   Avitus            1      461   Leo + Leo II     17
     458   Majorianus        5      478   Zeno             17
     463   Severus           4      495   Anastasius       27
     467   Anthemius         5      522   Justin            9
     472   Olybrius                 531   Justinian   5th  38
     472   Nepos             2      569   Justin II        13
     474   Romulus II        1      582   Tiberius II       4
     475   Odocer           16      586   Maurice          20
     491   Thodericus       33      606   Phocas            8
     524   End                      614   Heraclius        31
                                    645   Constantine III
                                          Constans II      27
                                    672   Constantine IV   17
                                    689   Justinian II     10
                                    699   Leontius          3
                                    702   Tiberius III      6
                                    708   Justinian II 2nd  7
                                    715   Philippicus       2
                                    717   Anastasius II     4
                                    721   Leo III          24
                                    745   Constantine V    34
                                    779   Leo IV            5
                                    784   Constantine VI   17
                                    801   Irene             5
                                    806   Nicephorus        9
                                    815   Michael           2
                                    817   Leo V             7
                                    824   Michael II        9
                                    833   Theophilus       13
                                    846   Michael III      25
                                    871   Basil            19
                                    890   Leo VI           25
                                    915   Constantine VII  48
                                    963   Romanus II        4
                                    967   Nicephorus II     6
                                    973   Constantine IX   59
                                   1032   Romanus III       6
                                   1038   Michael IV        8
                                   1046   Constantine X    12
                                   1058   Theodora          2
                                   1060   Michael VI        1
                                   1061   Isaac             2
                                   1063   Constantine XI    8
                                   1071   Romanus IV        4
                                   1075   Michael VII       7
                                   1082   Nicephorus III    3
                                   1085   Alexis           37
                                   1122   John II          25
                                   1147   Manuel           38
                                   1185   Alexius II        2
                                   1187   Andronicus        2
                                   1189   Isaac II         10
                                   1199   Alexis III        8
                                   1207   Alexis IV + V     1
                                   1208   Latin empire     57
                                   1265   Michael VIII     21
                                   1286   Michael IX       46
                                   1332   Andronicus III   14
                                   1346   John V           13
                                   1359   John VI          36
                                   1395   Manuel II        34
                                   1429   John VII         23
                                   1452   Constantine XIII  5
                                   1457   Fall of Constantinople


     BCE 
 
     753   Roman Era                                   Remus & Romulus 6 years 
     747   Founding of Rome - April 21st               T & Y 
     715   Romulus  end                                T  April 12th 
     504   Founding of the Republic (250th year)       T  February 24th 
     354   Sack of Rome (400th year)                   T 
      24   Battle of Actium                            T  October 2nd 
     CE
       4   Augustus' 42nd year - birth of Jesus        Y  Star of Bethelhem
      33   Tiberius' 15th year - baptism of Jesus      
      37   Tiberius' 19th year - crucifixion non Moon  T  solar eclipse
      48   Claudius (3rd year)   800 years of Rome        Sothis date
      73   Vespasian 1st year                             Sothis date
      98   Domitian 14th year                             Sothis date
     123   Hadrian 3rd year                               Sothis date
     143   Antoninus Pius 2nd year                    Old Sothic cycle
     147   Antoninus Pius 6th year                        900th year of Rome
     148   Antoninius 7th year   900 years of Rome        Sothis date
     222   Macrinus - eclipse                          Y  
     248   Phillip the Arab 1st year                      millennium of Rome
     249   Disturbance - March 20th  250 - plague 2/5  T  New era equinox
     310   Constantius end                             T
     316   Constantine's cross                         Y
     340   Constantine's comet                         T
     369   Valen's 2nd year earthquake and tidal wave  T
     400   Honorius' 2nd year - earthquake and eclipse T
     410   Rome's 1163rd year - solar eclipse          Y
     461   Marcian end  Darkness Michael 1             T
     491   Thodericus                                  T
     535   Justinian's 5th year - Antioch earthquake   Y
     672   Constantine IV  began                       T
     702   Tiberius III  began                         T
     817   Leo V  began                                Y
     973   Constantine IX  began                       T
    1286   Michael IX  began                           Y
    1349   John V (4th)                                Y  Black Plague
    1456   Constantinople - comet                      T



Ancient Britian Chronology BCE

    808  Aeneas leaves Troy
         Ascanius
         Sylvius

    747  Brutus leaves Italy and later Greece ariving in Britain after 2 years

    745  Brutus rules in Britain 24 years    CE  
    721  Locrin                  10           3  Cimbeline               35
    711  Guendoloena             15          38  Guiderius  Aruiragus    28
    696  Maddan                  40          66  Marius                  40
    656  Mempricius              20         106  Coillys                 46
    636  Ebraucus                40         114  Lucius                  59
    596  Brutus II               12         173  Severus                 21
    584  Leil                    25         194  Q Victoria              10
    559  Hudibras                39         204  Bonosus                 27
    520  Bladud                  20         231  Carausius                4
    500  Leir                    60         235  Alectus                  3
    440  Cordeilla                5         238  Asclepiodotus Coellus C 10
    435  Cunedagius              33         294  Constantine             25
    402  Rivallo                  2         319  Octavius                41
    400  civil war                          360  Maximianus              30
         Dunwallo                40         390  Gracianus               19
    360  Belinus +               26         409  Constantine II          10
         Brennius                              
    334  Gurgiunt                19         322  Vortigerne   4th year   18
    315  Guithelin               27         340  Vortimer                 6
    288  Sisillius               15         346  Vortigerne 2nd 25th year 4
    273  Kimarus                  3         419  Aurelius Ambrose        11
    270  Danius                   8         430  Uther Pendragon         30
    262  Morvidus                 8         460  Arthur                  85
    254  Gorbonian               11         545  
    243  Arthgallo                1        
    242  Elidure                  3        
    239  Arthgallo  2nd          10         545  Constantine III          4 
    229  Elidure    2nd           1         549  Aurelius Conan           3
    228  Peredure +              11         552  Vortiporus               7
         Vigenius                 7         559  Malgo                   22
    217  Elidure    3rd           4         581  Careticus                3
    213  Regniel                 10         584  Q Lazi-...              14 
    203  Morgan                  14         596  Coinmail                45
    189  Emnan                    6              Condidan                35
    183  Iyall                   20              Fairnmail               40
    163  Rymo                    16         616  Cadwan                  24
    147  Bledud                  10         640  Cadwallo                22
    137  civil war               20         662  Cadwallader             10
    117  Elynguellus              7         672  Famine                  11 
    110  Helie                   40         683  Cadwallader             26
     70  Lud                     11         709  -                       27
     59  Angrogaenus &                      736  Peter                   22
         Theomantius              7th       758  -                       40
     53  Cassibellane            33            
     20  Tenvantius              22         798  End


    BCE                                     CE

    747  Brutus leaves Italy      T & Y     310  Constantius end          T
    656  Maddan end               T         316  Octavius                 Y
    596  Ebraucus end             T         430  Uther began              T
    559  Leil end                 Y         460  Arthur began             T
    435  Cordeilla end            Y         642  Cadwallader - plague     T
    354  Belinus 7th year         T         
    203  Regniel end              T         


455 third Roman consul of Aetius in Gaul  Marcian and Valentinian III 454-6



Kings of Kent

         5 kings                130

    325  -                       28
    353  -                       19
    372  -                       25
    397  -                        2
    399  -                       56
    455  Horsa                    6
    461  Hencgest                27
    488  Aese                    24
    512  Eormenric               48
    560  Aethelberht             56
    616  Eadbald                 24
    640  Earconberht             24
    664  Ecgberht                 9
    673  Hlothhere               12
         Swaefhard               17
    685  Eadric                   1
    687  Oswine                   3
    690  Wihtred                 35
    725  Aethelberht II          37
         Eadberht                40
    765  Ecgberht II             20
    785  Ealhmund                12
    797  Eadbert                  2
    799  Cuthred                  9
    808  Baldred                 17
    825  West Saxon       



   Kings of West Saxon                      Kings of Scotland

    291  9 kings                213         213  14 kings              290

    291  -                                  213  -                      18
         -                                  231  -                      22
         -                                  253  3 kings    106
         -                                       -
         -                                       -
         -                                  359  -                      33
         -                                  392  4 kings    158
         -                                       -
         -                                       -
    504  Cerdic 20th             36              -
    540  Cynric                  26         448  -                      18
    566  Ceawlin                 30         466  3 kings    37
    596  Ceol                     5              -
    601  Ceolwulf                14              -
    615  Cynegils                31         503  Fergus + Loarn          3
    646  Cenwealh                31         506  Domangart               5
    677  Seaxburh                 1         511  Comgal                 24
    678  Escwine                  2         535  Gauran                 22
    680  Centwine                 8         557  Conal                  14
    688  Caedwalla                2         571  Aidan                  34
    690  Ine                     37         605  Eoacha-Bur             16
    727  Ethelheard              13         621  Kenneth-Cear            
    740  Cuthred                 16              Ferchar                16
    756  Sigeberht                1         637  Donal-Breac             5
    757  Cynewulf                29         642  Conal II + Dungal      10
    786  Brihtric                16         652  Donal-Duin             13
    802  Ecgberht                37         665  Maol-Diun              16
    839  Ethelwulf               16         681  Ferchar-Fada           21
    855  Ethebald                 5         702  Eoacha-Rinevel          3
    860  Ethelberht               6         705  Ainbhcealah             1
    866  Ethelred                 6         706  Duncha-Beg             14
    872  Alfred the Great        28         720  Eaocha III             13
    900  Edward the Elder        25         733  Muredach                3
    925  Elfweard                           736  Eogan                   3
         Ethelstan   928         14         739  Aodh-Fin               30
    939  Edmund                   7         769  Fergus                  3
    946  Eadred                   9         772  Selvach II             24
    955  Eadwig                   2         796  Eoacha-Annuine IV      30
    957  Edward the Martyr       21         826  Dungal                  7
    978  Ethelred the Unready    35         833  Alpin                   3
   1013  Swegn Forkbeard          1         836  Kenneth   843          23
   1014  Ethelred 2nd term        2         859  Donald                  4
   1016  Edmund II                          863  Constantine            14
         Cnut                    20         877  Aed                     1
   1036  Harold Harefoot          4         878  Eochaid                11
   1040  Harthacnut               2         889  Donald II              11
   1042  Edward II               25         900  Constantine II         42
   1067  Harold II                          942  Malcom                 12
         William the Conqueror   21         954  Indulf                  8
   1088  William II              13         962  Dubh                    5
   1101  Henry                   35         967  Cuilean                 4
   1136  Stephen                 18         971  Kenneth II             24
   1154  Henry II                36         995  Constantine III         2
   1190  Richard                 10         997  Kenneth III             8
   1200  John                    17        1005  Malcolm II             29
   1217  Henry III               56        1034  Duncan                  6
   1273  Edward                  35        1040  MacBeth                17
   1308  Edward II               20        1057  Lulach                  1
   1328  Edward III              50        1058  Malcolm III            35
   1378  Richard II              22        1093  Donald Ban + Edmund     4
   1400  Henry IV                14        1097  Edgar                  10
   1414  Henry V                  9        1107  Alexander              17
   1423  Henry VI                39        1124  David                  29
   1462  Edward IV               22        1153  Malcolm IV             12
   1484  Edward V                          1165  William the Lion       49
         Richard III              2        1214  Alexander II           35
   1486  Henry VII               24        1249  Alexander III          37
   1509  Henry VIII              38        1286  Margaret                4
   1547  Edward VI                6        1290  Interregnum             2
   1553  Jane                              1292  John Balliol            4
         Mary                     5        1296  Interregnum            10
   1558  Elizabeth               45        1306  Robert the Bruce       23
   1603  James of Scotland       22        1329  David II               42
   1625  Charles                 24        1371  Robert II              19
   1649  Abolishment              4        1390  Robert III             16
   1653  Oliver Cromwell LP       5        1406  James                  31
   1658  Richard Cromwell LP      2        1437  James II               23
   1660  Charles II              25        1460  James III              28
   1685  James II                 4        1488  James IV               25
   1689  William III + Mary II   13        1513  James V                29
   1702  Anne                    12        1542  Mary                   25
   1714  George                  13        1567  James VI King of       59
   1727  George II               33              Scotland & England     
   1760  George III              60          
   1820  George IV               10
   1830  William IV               7          
   1837  Victoria                64
   1901  Edward VII               9          
   1910  George V                26
   1936  Edward VIII              1
   1937  George VI               15   
   1952  Elizabeth II              
   to the present day


    461  Hencgest began           T
    504  Cerdic began             Y
    535  Gauran began             Y
    642  Conal II + Dungal began  T
    672  Ecgbeht 8th year         T
    702  Eoacha-Rinevel began     T
    942  Malcolm began            Y
    973  Edward's 2nd coronation  T&Y
   1005  Malcolm II began         Y
   1014  Ethelred 2nd term began  T
   1034  Duncan began             T
   1067  William began            Y
   1124  David began              T
   1286  Margaret                 Y
   1486  Henry VII plague         T
   1567  James VI                 Y



  Bernicia kings               Deria Kings           South Saxon Kings

    430 4 kings         121    446 6 kings 120       331 8 kings        150

    430 -                42    446 -                 331 -               21
    472 -                37        -                 352 -               17
    509 -                19        -                 369 Hawl...         23
    538 -                21        -                 392 -               17
    549 Ida              12        -                 409 -                7
    561 Interregnum       2        -                 416 -               42
    563 Glappa                 566 Aelle             458 -                9
    564 Adda                   596 Edwin             467 -               14
    572 Aethelric              641 Osric             481 Aelle           14
    576 Theodric               642 Oswald            495 -               11
    583 Frithuwald             651 Oswine            506 -                5
    589 Hussa                  660 Oethelwald        511 End
    596 Aethelfrith 11th       664 Oswiu             
    624 Edwin                      Northumbria       East Saxon Kings
    641 Eanfrith                    
    642 Oswald                                       401 10 kings       203
    651 Oswiu 13th and 22nd                          604 Sabert
        Northumbria                                  616 Sigbert the Little
                                                     653 Sigbert the Good
                                                         Swidhelm
                                                     665 Sibhere + Sebbi
                                                     694 End



    Northumbria Kings          Mercia Kings          East Angle Kings

    522 4 kings           74   518 6 kings     100   401 7 kings  150

    522 -                 24   518 -            18   401 -
    546 -                 18   536 -            22       -
    564 -                 12   558 -            24       -
    576 -                 20   582 -            12       -
    596 Aethelfrith 11th       594 2 kings      24       -
    624 Edwin                      -                     -
    641 Oswald 2nd year        618 Cearl                 -
    651 Oswiu (Oswy)           635 Penda             551 Wehha
    680 Ecgfrith               664 Oswiu             579 Wuffa
    685 Aldfrith               670 Wulfhere 3rd 672  586 Tytili
    705 Osred                  687 Aethelred         606 Raedwald
    715 Cenred                 716 Cenred            624 Earpwald
    717 Osric                  721 Ceolred           635 Interregnum
    728 Ceolwulf               728 Aethelbald        636 Sigweberht +
    736 Eadberht               769 Offa                  Ecgric
    757 Oswulf                 808 Ecgfrith          644 Anna
        Aethelwald Moll            Cenwulf           662 Aethelhere
    764 Alhred                 833 Ceolwulf          664 Aethelwald
    773 Aethelred              835 Beornwulf         671 Aldwulf
    777 Aelfwald               837 end               721 Aelfwald
    789 Aethelred 2nd                                757 end
    795 Osbald
        Eardwulf
    805 Eelfwald II
    807 Eanred
    840 Aethelred II
    847 Osberht
    865 end


    642 Oswald began      T
    660 Oethelwald began  Y
    672 Wulfhere 3rd      T
    791 Aethelred 2nd     T


455 third Roman consul of Aetius in Gaul  Marcian and Valentinian III 454-6
Battle of Mountbaton 500
Ella and Ceaulin died same year 592
Earconbert king of Kent died - eclipse of May 3, 664 [May 1st]
Wulfere 3rd year and eclipse of Feb. 14, 672 [Irish annals].
Lothere king of Kent and Egfrid king of Northumbria died same year [685]



Ireland  BCE                           CE

   1920 Slainghe mac Deala          1      1 Conchobhar Abhradhruadh      1
   1919 Rudhraige mac Deala         2      2 Crimhthann Niadhniar        16
   1917 Gann + Geanann              4     18 Cairbre Cinncait             5
   1913 Sengann                     5     23 Fearadhach Finnfeachtnach   22
   1908 Fiachaidh Cennfinnan        5     45 Fiatach Finn mac Daire       3
   1903 Rinnal mac Geanann          5     48 Fiacha Finnfolaidh          17
   1897 Foidhbhgen mac Sengann      4     65 Elim mac Conra              20
   1893 Eochaidh mac Erc           10     85 Tuathal Teachtmhar          30
   1883 Breas mac Ealathan          7    115 Mal mac Rochraidhe           4
   1876 Nuadhat Airgeatlamh        20    119 Feidhlimidh Reachtmhare      9
   1856 Lugh Lamhfhada             40    128 Cathaeir Mor                 3
   1816 Eochaidh Ollathair         80    131 Conn  (Hundred Battles)     35
   1736 Dealbhaeth mac Ogma        10    166 Conaire mac Modh - Lamha     8
   1726 Fiacha mac Dealbhaeth      10    174 Art mac Conn                30
   1716 Mac Cuill, Ceacht, Greine  30    204 Lughaidh mac Maicniadh      30
   1686 Eremhon + Emher             1    234 Fearghus Duibhdheadach       1
   1685 Eremhon + Emhear           28    235 Cormac mac Art              40
   1657 Eithrial mac Faidh         20    275 Eochaidh Gonnat              1
   1637 Conmael mac Emer           30    276 Cairbre Liffeachair         17
   1607 Tighernmas mac Folloch     77    293 Fothadh Cairptheach          1
   1530 Halloween  3/4 die inter   (7)   294 Fiacha Sraibhtine           37
   1530 Eochaidh Eadghadhach        4    331 Colla Uais mac Doimhlen      4
   1526 Sobhairce + Cearmna Finn   40    335 Muireadhach Tireach         30
   1486 Eochaidh Faebhar-ghlas     20    365 Caelbhadh mac Crunn Badhrai  1
   1466 Fiacha Labhrainne          24    366 Eochaidh Muighmheadoin       8
   1442 Eochaidh Mumho             21    374 Crimhthann mac Fidhach      13
   1421 Aengus Olmucadha           18    387 Niall of the Nine Hostages  27
   1403 Enna Airgtheach            27    414 Dathi mac Fiachra           23
   1376 Roitheachtaigh mac Maen    25    437 Laeghaire  (4th) Patrick    30
   1351 Sedna mac Airtri            5    467 Oilioll Molt mac Dathi      20
   1346 Fiacha Finscothach         20    487 Lughaidh mac Laeghaire      25
   1326 Muinemhon mac Cais !plague  5    512 Muircheartach (Muirdhaigh)  24
   1321 Faildeargdoid              10    536 Tuathal Maelgarbh           11
   1311 Ollamh Fothla (Eochaidh)   40    547 Diarmaid mac Fearghus 5th   20
   1271 Finnachta O !plague (20)   22    567 Domhnall + Fearghus macs M   3
   1249 Slanoll mac Ollamh Fothla  17    570 Eochaidh D + Baedar M        2
   1232 Gedhe Ollghothach          12    572 Ainmire mac Sedna            3
   1220 Fiacha Finnailches         20    575 Baedan mac Ninnidh           1
   1200 Bearnghal mac Gedhe        12    576 Aedh mac Ainmire            27
   1188 Oilioll mac Slanoll        16    603 Aedh Slaine + Colman Rimidh  6
   1172 Sirna mac Dian            150    609 Aedh Uairidnach              7
   1022 Roitheachtaigh mac Roan     7    616 Maelcobha mac Aedh           3
   1015 Elim Oillfinshneachta       1    619 Suibhne Meann mac Fichna    13
   1014 Giallchaidh mac Oilioll     9    632 Domhnall mac Aedh mic A     16
   1005 Art Imleach mac Elim  (6)  12    648 Conall Cael + Ceallach      17
    993 Nuadhat Finnfail           40    665 Diarmaid mac Slaine + (8th)  8
    953 Breas mac Art Imleach       9        Blathmac S  May, 3rd eclipse
    944 Eochaidh Apthach            1    673 Seachnasach mac Blathmac     5
    943 Finn mac Bratha            22    678 Ceannfaeladh mac Blathmac    4
    921 Sedna Innarraigh           20    682 Finnachta mac Fleadhach     20
    901 Simon Breac mac Aedh Glas   6    702 Loingseach mac Aenghus       8
    895 Duach Finn mac Sedna       10    710 Congal of Ceann Maghair      7
    885 Muireadhach Bolgrach        1    717 Fearghal mac Maelduin       10
    884 Enda Dearg died of plague  12    727 Fogartach mac Niall          1
    872 Lughaidh Iardonn mac Enda   9    728 Cinaeth mac Irgalach         3
    863 Sirlamh mac Finn           16    731 Flaithbheartach              7
    847 Eochaidh Uaircheas         12    738 Aedh Allen mac Fearghal      9
    835 Eochaidh F + Conaing B      5    747 Domhnall mac Murchadh       20
    830 Lughaidh Laimhdhearg        7    767 Niall Frosach mac Fearghal   7
    823 Conaing Begeaglach  2nd    20    774 Donnchadh mac Domhnall      27
    803 Art mac Lughaidh            6    801 Aedh Oirdnidhe mac Niall    25
    797 Fiacha Tolgrach            10    826 Conchobhar mac Donnchadh    14
    787 Oilioll Finn mac Art       11    840 Niall Caille mac Oirdnidhe  13
    776 Eochaidh mac Oilioll Finn   7    853 Maelseachlainn              16
    769 Airgeatmhar mac Sirlamh    30    869 Aedh Finnliath mac Niall    16
    739 Duach Ladhgrach            10    885 Flann Sinna                 38
    729 Lughaidh Laighdhe           7    923 Niall Glundubh mac Aedh      3
    722 Aedh Ruadh mac Badharn 1st  7    926 Donnchadh mac Flann Sinna   25
    715 Dithorba mac Deman     1st  7    951 Conghalach mac Maelmithigh  12
    708 Cimbaeth mac Fintan    1st  7    963 Domhnall mac Muircheartach  24
    701 Aedh Ruadh             2nd  7    987 Maelseachlainn Mor    17th  23
    694 Dithorba               2nd  7   1010 Brian Borg mac Ceinneidigh  12
    687 Cimbaeth               2nd  7   1022 Maelseachlainn Mor  2nd      8
    680 Aedh Ruadh             3rd  7   1030 Interregnum                 20
    673 Dithorba               3rd  7   1050 Diarmaid mac Mael-na-mbos   30
    666 Cimbaeth               3rd  7   1080 Toirdhealbhach Ua Briain    14
    659 Macha + Cimbaeth            7   1094 Muircheartach Ua Briain     33
    652 Macha of the Golden Hair    7   1127 Domhnall mac Ardghar         2
    645 Reachtaidh Righdhearg      20   1129 Interregnum                 15
    625 Ugaine Mor (the Great)     40   1144 Toirdhealbhach Ua Conchobh  20
    585 Laeghaire Lorc mac Mor      2   1164 Muircheartach Ua Lochlainn  10
    583 Cobhthach Cael Breagh      50   1174 Ruaidhri Ua Conchobhair     16
    533 Labhraidh Loingseach Maen  19   1190 end
    514 Melghe Molbhthach          17
    497 Modhcorb mac Caemh          7
    490 Aenghus Ollamh             18
    472 Irereo mac Melghe           7
    465 Fearcorb Mac Modhcorb      11
    454 Connla Caemh mac Irereo    20
    434 Oilioll Caisfhiaclach      25
    409 Adamair mac Fearcorb        5
    404 Eochaidh Ailtleathan       17
    387 Fearghus Fortamhail        11
    376 Aenghus Tuirmheach         60
    316 Conall Collamhrach          5
    311 Nia Sedhamain mac Adhamair  7
    304 Enna Aighneach             20
    284 Crimhthann Cosgrach         4
    280 Rudhraighe mac Sithrighte  70
    210 Innathmar mac Nia           9
    201 Breasal Boidiobhadh        11  mortality
    190 Lughaidh Luaighne          15
    175 Congal Claroineach         15
    160 Duach Dallta Deadhadh      10
    150 Fachtna Fathach mac Rossa  16
    134 Eochaidh Feidhleach        12
    122 Eochaidh Aireamh mac Finn  15
    107 Ederscel mac Eoghan         5
    102 Nuadha Neacht mac Sedna   1/2
        Clann - Eimhir - Finn     1/2
    101 Conaire Mor mac Ederscel   70
     31 Interregnum                 5
     26 Lughaidh Sriabh-ndearg     26
Common Era


BCE

Tighernmas        end     1530      T    3/4 of the island died
Muinemhon         end     1321      T    King dies of plague
Finnachta         end     1249      T    King dies of plague
Sirna          between  1171-1021        Plague
Enda               end     872      Y    King dies of plague
Breasal        between   201-191         Severe animal mortality

CE

Laeghaire         6th      442      Y    St. Patrick destroys idol
Diarmaid          5th      551      T    Plague; 1/3 die
Diarmaid +        8th      672      T    Eclipse Feb 14th 
Blathmac                                 The Yellow Plague
Finnachta (20)    mid      692      Y    Severe animal mortality
Fearghal          8th      724      Y    Shower of silver, honey, + blood
Donnchadh        13th      786      Y    Terrible thunder + lightning
Aedh Finnliath   15th      883      T    Great storm and showers of Blood
Donnchadh Sinna  15th?     940      Y    Fire from Heaven
Maelseachlainn   17th     1003      T    Lightning of Vengence



Egyptian chronology BCE

   The Ten Kings            Middle Kingdom           New Kingdom

   3398 Athothis        62  2045 Mentuhotpe II 14th  1018 Amosis          25
   3336 Athothis II     57  2007 Mentuhotpe III  12   993 Tuthmosis       13
   3279 Kenkenes        31  1995 Mentuhotpe IV    3   980 Amenophis       20
   3248 Uenephes        42  1992 Atepmun         15   960 Tuthmosis II    12
   3206 Usapaidos       20                            959 Q Hatshepsut    21
   3186 Meibidos        26  1983 Ammenemes       20   948 Tuthmosis III   42
   3160 Semempses       41  1963 Sesostris  29th 45   906 Amenophis II    26
   3119 Bieneches       26  1918 Ammenemes II    33   880 Tuthmosis IV    31
   3093 Sirius          18  1885 Sesostris II    19   849 Amenophis III   37
   3075 Chnubos         22  1866 Sesostris III   36   812 Akhenaten       22
                            1830 Ammenemes III   44   790 Smenkhkare       1
   3053 Menes  363rd    28  1786 Ammenemes IV     9   789 Tutankhamun      9
   3025 Iti             46  1777 Q Sobkneferu     4   780 Ay               4
   2979 Itef             7  
   2972 Iterty          23  1773 Saites          19   776 Ammenemes VII   20
   2949 Khasty          14  1754 Bnon            44   756 Ammenemes VIII   5
   2935 Merpebia        52  1710 Pachnan         61   751 Thuoris          7
   2883 Irynetjer        8  1649 Staan           50   
   2875 Qaa             25  1599 Khamudy          9   812 Ramess Aegyptus 66
                            1590 Khyan           20   749 Ammenophis      40
   2850 Hetep           38  1570 Apopi           41   
   2812 Nubneter        39                            766 Tefnakhte       38
   2773 Nynetjer        44  1529 Piankhi         26   728 Bocchoris        6
   2729 Weneg           19  1503 Shabaka         12   
   2710 Sened           14  1491 Shabataka        8   722 Sabacon         14
   2696 Peribsen        15  1483 Taharka         26   710 Sebeco          12
   2681 Neferkasokar     8  1457 Tanutamon        7   698 Taracus         26
   2673 Khasekhem       20  
   2653 Khasekhemuy     27  1450 Thoum           10   706 12 king period  15
                            
   2626 Djoser          20  1440 Smendes         26   691 Ramesses        19
   2606 Nebka           19  1414 Amenemnisu       4   672 Seti            54
   2587 Teti             7  1410 Psusennes       46   624 Ramesses II     33
   2580 Nebkare          6  1364 Amenemope        9   591 Seti II          6
   2574 Huni            24  1355 Osokhor          6
                            1349 Siamun          20   585 Apries          19
   2550 Sneferu         24  1329 Psusennes II    19
   2526 Cheops          23                            566 Amasis          24 
   2503 Redjedef         8  1310 Sheshonk        21   542 Seti III        
   2495 Chephren        27  1289 Osorkon         24
   2468 Baufre           7       Sheshonk II              Cambyses II 5th  3
   2461 Mycerinus       28  1265 Takeloti        15   539 Darius          36
   2433 Shepseskaf       7  1250 Osorkon II      37   503 Xerxes          21
   2426 Thamphthis       9  1213 Takeloti II     25   482 Artaxerxes      40
                            1199 Sheshonk III    52   442 Xerxes II       
   2417 Userkaf         28  1147 Piami            6       Darius II       19
   2389 Sahure          12  1141 Sheshonk IV     37   
   2377 Neferirkare     21  1104 Osorkon IV      23   424 Amyrteos         6
   2356 Shepseskare      7  
   2349 Neferefre       17  1083 Pedubast        25   418 Nepherites       5
   2332 Nyuserre        11  1058 Sheshonk V       6   413 Mouthis          2
   2321 Menkauhor        8  1052 Osorkon III     24   411 Psamut           1
   2313 Djedkare        28  1028 Takeloti III     7   410 Hakoris         12
   2285 Unas            30  1021 Amenrud          3   398 Nepherites II
                            1018 Input           31   
   2255 kingless period  6                            403 Sethnakhte       2
                            1622 Anat-Her        20   401 Ramesses III    32
   2249 Teti             7  1602 User-anat       18   372 Ramesses IV      4
   2242 Userkare         6  1584 Semqen          15   368 Ramesses VI     28
   2236 Pepi            20  1569 Zaket           21   
   2216 Merenre          6  1548 Wasa            21   340 Artaxerxes III   2
   2210 Pepi II         94  1527 Qar             26   338 Arses            2
   2116 Merenre II       1  1501 Pepi III        12   336 Darius III       4 
        Q Nitocris      12  1489 Bebankh         22   
   2104 Neferka         20  1467 Nebmaatre       15   332 Alexander III    8
   2084 Kufe             2  1452 Nikare II       19   324 Philip III       8
   2082 Kakare Ibi       4  1433 Aahotepre       12   316 Alexander IV     6
   2078 -                2  1421 Aneterire       28   
   2076 -                1  1393 Nubankhre       17   331 Ptolemy Soter   40
                            1376 Nubuserre       18   291 Ptolemy II      36
   2128 Menkare          1  1358 Khauserre       15   255 Ptolemy III 9th 25
   2127 Neferkare        1  1343 Khamure         23   230 Ptolemy IV      19
   2126 Nefers II        1  1320 Jacob-Baal      13   211 Ptolemy V  8+24 32
   2125 Neferkare Neby   1  1307 Yakbam          14   179 Ptolemy VI      36
   2124 Tefkara Mara     1  1293 Yoam            13   169 Ptolemy VIII     6
   2123 Neferkare Khendu 1  1280 Amu             19       Antiochus IV     1
   2122 Merenhor            1261 Seneferankhre Apopi  143 Ptolemy VII     29
        Seneferka        1  1237 End                  114 Ptolemy VIII     9
   2121 Nykare           1                            105 Ptolemy IX      20
   2120 Neferkare Tereru 1  1457 Sehetepibre           85 Ptolemy VIII     8
   2119 Neferkahor       1       Khutawire Wegaf  2    77 Ptolemy X       
   2118 Neferkare Pepy   1  1455 Sekhemre         6       Ptolemy XI      29
   2117 Seneferka Annu   1  1449 Amenemhat        3    48 Ptolemy XII      4
   2116 Ankare Ibi II    1  1446 Sehetepibre II   1    44 Cleopatra VII   20
   2115 Neferkaure       1  1445 Iufeni                24 Rome
   2114 Neferkamin Anu   2       Amenemhat VI      
   2112 Neferauhor       1       Semenkare        4
   2111 Wadjkare         4  1441 Sehetepibre III  3  1440 Nahasi-(ra     390
   2107 Sekhemkare       2  1438 Sewadjkare       6       Nebfawre        
   2105 Ibi III          4  1432 Nedjemibre               Sehabre         
   2101 Imhotep          1       Sebekhotep               Merdefare       
   2100 Uatchkara        1       Renseneb     4m          Nebdjefare      
   2099 Neferirkare II   1       Hor              7       Webenre         
                            1425 Amenemhat VII            -
                                 Sebekhotep II            [...]djefare      
                                 Khendjer                 [...]webenre   
                                 Imire-mesha              Awibre         
                                 Antef IV                 Heribre        
                                 Seth                     Nebsenre       
                                 Sebekhotep III   1       -
                            1424 Neferhotep      11       Sekheperenre    
                            1413 Sihathor      3m         Djedkherure     
                                 Sobkhotpe IV    15       Sankhibre      
                            1398 Neferhotep II   46       Nefertemkare   
                            1352 Djedhetepre      3       Semkhem[...]re 
                            1349 Djedneferre     10       Kakemure       
                            1339 Mershepesre Ini  2       Neferibre      
                            1337 Mentuemsaf       1       I[...]re      
                            1336 Mentuhotep V     1       Kha[...]re      
                            1335 [Bz...]mentuwoser        Aakare            
                                 Senwosret IV     1       Semen[...]re     
                            1334 Wepwawetemsaf    1       Djed[...]re     
                            1333 Senebmiu                 -
                                 Sobkhotpe V      4       -
                            1329 Ibya            11       -
                            1318 Menoffire Ai    24       -
                            1294 Merhetepre S VI  2       - 
                            1292 Mersekhemre N 3  5       -
                            1287 Merkaure         2       Senefer[...]re  
                                 (Sobkhotpe VII)          Menibre         
                            1285 -               19       Djed[...]re    
                            1266 -               21       -
                            1245 Sebekhotep VIII 26       -
                            1219 Menkhaure Senaaib        -
                            1203 End                      -
                                                          Inenek         
                                                          Ineb           
                                                          Ap[...]       
                                                          Hibi         
                                                          Apel         
                                                          Hapi         
                                                          Shemsi         
                                                          Meni          
                                       Menoffire Ai       Werqa[...]
                                                          -             
                                                          -
                                                          [...]kare      
                                                          -
                                                          [...]kare Hap[...]
                                                          [...]kare Anati  
                                                          [...]kare Bebenmi
                                                          -
                                                          I[...]        
                                                          Seth            24
                                                          Sainu           32
                                                          Hor             21
                                                          -               26
                                                          -               22
                                                     1286 Enibef          18
                                                     1268 Mer?en?...      12
                                                     1256 Penensetensepet 41
                                                     1215 Kherhemwat      32
                                                     1183 Khuhemwat       21
                                                     1162 Mare Sebekhotep IX
                                                     1153 4 kings        103
                                                          -
                                                          -
                                                          -
   2116 Abmerira Khety   1                           1050 End
   2115 Neferhotep VI    1                           
   2114 Khety II         1                           
   2113 Senen(re)        1                            786 Osorkon         20
   2112 Kety III         1                            766 Tefnakhte       38
   2111 Shed...y         1                            728 Bocchoris        6
   2110 H[ezi]           1                            722 Tefnakhte II    27
   2109 Wahkare Khety   15                         
   2094 Meriaah          1                            776 Kashta          14
   2093 Neferhotep VII   1  1168 Inyotef V       10   762 Piye        31  40
   2092 Se...re Khety V  1  1158 Rehotpe          4   712 Ammeris     12  18
   2091 Kamerira II      1  1154 Sobkemsaf II    16   700 Stephinates  7  27
   2090 Nebkaure Khety   1  1140 Djehuti          1   693 Sethos       6  20 
   2089 Meryibre Khety   1  1139 Mentuhotpe VI    1
                            1138 Nebiryerawet    19   704 Horemheb        31
   2098 Meryhathor      48  1123 Nebiryerawet II  1
   2050 Neferkare IV   }    1122 Interregnum      2   673 Ramesses I       1
        Wankare        }    1120 Semenenre            674 Tanwetamani     11
        Neferkare V    }         Seuserenre      16      (Tandamane) 
        Merykare       } 2  1106 Sebekemsaf II   28  
                                                      599 Merenptah   5th  8
   2131 Mentuhotpe     }    1110 Inyotef VI      10   591 Amenmesses       6
        Inyotef        }16  1102 Inyotef VII     24   585 Siptah           6
   2115 Inyotef II 27th 49  1080 Tao the Elder   59   579 Q Tausert        2
   2066 Inyotef III      8  1024 Tao the Brave     
   2058 Mentuhotpe II   51       Kamose           6   338 Khababash        6


The Turin document for the Egyptian 13th dynasty is in a very damaged 
condition after the 29th king to the start of the 14th dynasty. I 
reordered the known kings of the 13th dynasty into two complete groups, 
which is not unreasonable due to the condition of the document, in order 
to see if placing Donovan A. Courville's 13th dynasty choice of Menoffire 
Ai as Menophreus would fit the known date of 1318 BCE. It slipped into 
place without effort which would seem to confirm the reordering since 
Neferhotep is independently proved and synchronizes the entire dynasty as 
well as the 14th. Documents state:

Neferhotep 1st year equals Yantin 5th year    =        1424 BCE
Yantin 9th year equals Zimri Lim 1st year     =        1420 BCE
Zimri Lim 7th year equals Hammurabi 35th year =        1413 BCE



                      BCE

Sothic                5698     22nd Sothic cycle 1460 
Moon                  5114  Y  waged beyond reckoning from 14 day orbit to 26
new spring equinox    3760     Victorian cycles of 25 years for Sothis dates 
Ten Kings Era         3398     Athothis - kings of men not gods 
Mestraim Era          3398     Lower Kingdom 
Uenephes              3248  T  Famine
Sesonchosis           3119     Mid Holocene gravity event - (Semempses) calamity
Menes                 3037  T  War uniting the 2 lands ends a year afterwards
                               in the 363rd year of the Era of Mestraim
Hetep                 2812  Y  Earthquake (Beothis) - (Bochus) at Bubastus huge 
                               hole swallowing many - Early Bronze Age I ends
                               irregular dendrochronology ring 2811 BCE
Concharis        6th  2778     Sothic 24th cycle 1460
Sened           (2nd) 2706  T  Nile flowed with honey 11 days (Sethenes)
Djoser         began  2616  T  Moon waxed beyond reckoning (Necherophoes)
End of 3rd dynasty    2550     Hall of Records closed on Sabbath & Jubilee year
Cheops         began  2526  T
Unas             end  2255  T  Calamity - Early Bronze Age II ends
                               irregular dendrochronology ring 2254 BCE
Kingless period       2255  T  six year interregnum 
Teti           began  2249  Y  6th dynasty begins after 6 year kingless period
                               irregular dendrochronology ring 2248 BCE
Q Nitocris       end  2104  T  Queen and top officials are killed 
Mentuhotpe II    9th  2150     Battle - MK start dated after 9th year 
Middle Kingdom        2045  T  (14th) year of Mentuhotpe II 
Sesostris III    4th  1863  T  Joseph 17 years old sold into Egypt
Sesostris III    7th  1860     Sothis date Pharmuthi 16th July 14th
Sesostris III         1842  Y  (25th) start of 9 year war and 7 year famine
Sesostris III         1833  T  (34th) end of 9 year war - Jacob dies
Ogyges         Flood  1530  T  Moses born 3 months prior to flood of October 31
Piankhi        began  1529  Y  Foreign Kings for 511 years began & 16th dynasty 
Shepherd Kings        1440  T  14th dynasty began 
Menoffire Ai          1318     Sothic 25th cycle 1460 Era of Menophreus
Psusennes II     end  1310  Y
Sheshonk         end  1289  T
Osorkon II       3rd  1248  Y  flood
Takeloti II     15th  1199  T  omen June 8th 
Sheshonk III    15th  1185  Y  flood
Inyotef V      began  1168  T  Mare Sebekhotep IX
Seuserenre      11th  1110     Sothis date
Pedubast         6th  1078  T
New Kingdom           1018  T
Amosis           9th  1010     Sothis date
Amosis          20th   998  Y  999 BCE
Tuthmosis II    (1st)  960     Sothis date
Tuthmosis III   23rd   927  T  926 BCE year new Moon
Akhenaten        5th   808  T
Ay               end   776  T
Thuoris         (5th)  747  T&Y
Sethos           end   687  T
Merenptah        5th   595  T
Ramesses II      end   591  Y
Amasis         began   566  T
Ramesses VI      9th   360     Nectanebo II - Last old style Sothis date
Ramesses VI     15th   354  T  First years of 365.25 days begins
Ramesses VI     16th   353  T  New era (Victorian cycles 25 years) Sothis cycle
Artaxerxes III  20th   340  Y  Persia reconquers Egypt
Alexander III    end   324  T
Alexander IV     end   310  Y
Ptolemy co-reign       294  T
Ptolemy II     (14th)  278  Y  
Ptolemy III      9th   247  Y  Asacid Era
Ptolemy V        9th   203  T  New era Sothis date
Ptolemy VI       2nd   178     Sothis date
Ptolemy VI       7th   173  T
Ptolemy VII    began   143  T
Ptolemy VIII    (2nd)  113  T
Cleopatra VII    end    24  T


   The Book of Sothis                BCE          Ramesses III = Nectanebo I
                                                  Ramesses IV  = Teos
     1 Mestraim                  35  3398         Ramesses VI  = Nectanebo II
     2 Kourodes                  63  3363
     3 Aristarchus               34  3300
     4 Spanius                   36  3266
     5 + 6                      (72)
     7 Osiropis                  23  3230
     8 Sesonchosis           41  49  3207
     9 Amenemes                  29  3166
    10 Amasis                     2  3137
    11 Acesephthres              13  3135
    12 Anchoreus                  9  3122
    13 Armiyses                   4  3113
    14 Chamois                   12  3109
    15 Miamus                    14  3097
    16 Amesesis                  65  3083
    17 Uses                      50  3018
    18 Rameses                   29  2968
    19 Rames(s)omenes            15  2939
    20 Usimare(s)                31  2924
    21 Ramesseseos               23  2893
    22 Ramessameno               19  2870
    23 Ramesse Iubasse           39  2851
    24 Ramesses, son of Uaphres  29  2812
    25 Concharis 5th year  700th  5  2783
       620 years to Sothic cycle     2778

The 72 years for kings #5 and #6 plus 8 additional years from king #8 equals
80 years too many for the period from the start of the kingdom to the 24th 
Sothic cycle at 2778 BCE.



Assyrian chronology BCE

         Kings in tents                    Traditional

                                     2520  Cush son of Shem       60
                                     2460  Nimrod  (Ninus)        56
                                     2404  Belus                  55
                                     2349  Ninus II               52 
                                     2297  Semiramis (Ishtar)     42

                                     2255  Ninyas (Zames)         38
                                     2217  Arish (Arioch)         30
   2151  Imsu                   14   2187  Aralius (Amyrus)       40
   2137  Hanu                   10   2147  Xerxes (Balaeus)       30
   2127  Nuabu                  18   2117  Armamithres            38
   2109  Apiasal                27   2079  Belochus               35
   2082  Ushpia                 11
   2071  Belu                    3
   2068  Interregnum            23

   2045  Zariqum                23   2044  Balaeus                52
   2022  Iakmeni                33   1992  Sethos Zaztagus Atadas 35 Altallus
   1989  Tudija                 27   1957  Mamythus               30
   1962  Jangi                  32   1927  Aschalius (Mcchaleus)  30 28
   1930  Iazkur-ilu             17   1897  Shaperus               20 22
   1913  Aminu                  24   1877  Mamylus                30
   1889  Kikkia                 14   1847  Sparaethus (Spartheus) 42 Spareus
   1875  Akia                   27   1805  Ascatades              38
   1848  Hale                    9   1767  Amyntes                45
   1839  Ilu-mer                 6   1722  Belochus               25
   1833  Interregnum            10   1674  Beletares (Belochus)   45 34
   1823  Samani                 26   1629  Attosa (Semiramis II)   7
   1797  Haynai                 18
   1779  Interregnum            11
   1768  Iakmesi                12
   1756  Azuzu                  10
   1746  Interregnum            15
   1731  Ilushuma               46
   1685  Shallim-ahum           32
   1653  Puzur-Assur            24
                                  
   1629  Erisum                 40   1622  Beletares Keeper Royal 30 Gardens
   1589  Ikunum                 14   1592  Lamprides              32
   1575  Sharru-kin             40   1560  Sosares                20
   1535  Naram-Suen             27   1540  Lampares               30
   1508  Erisum II              20   1510  Panyas                 45 42
   1488  Samsi-Adad             33   1465  Sosarmus               19 22
   1455  Isme-Dagan             40   1446  Mithraeus              35
                                     1411  Teutamus               32 31
   1415  Assur-dugul             6   1379  Teutaeus               44 40
   1410  Assur-apal-idi          1   1335  Thinaeus               29 30
         Nasir-Sin                   1306  Dercylus               40
         Sin-namir                   1266  Empacmes               38
         Ipqi-Istar                  1228  Laosthenes             45
         Adad-salulu                 1183  Pertiades              30
         Adasi                       1153  Ophrataeus             21
   1409  Belu-bani              10   1132  Ephecheres (Ophrtanes) 52
   1399  Libaja                 17   1080  Acraganes              42
   1382  Sarma-Adad             12   1038  Thonos Concolerus      20
   1370  Iptar-Sin              12   1018  end
   1358  Bazaja                 28
   1330  Lullaja                 6         Teutaeus 24th year
   1324  Kidin-Ninua            14   1355  Mithraeus began        26
   1310  Sarma-Adad II           3   1329  Arabelus               42
   1307  Erisum III             13   1287  Chalaus                45
                                     1242  Anebus                 38
   1294  Samsi-Adad II           6   1204  Babius (Tautamus II)   37
   1288  Isme-Dagan II          16
   1272  Samsi-Adad III         16   1167  Ninurta-apil-Ekur       3
   1256  Assur-nirari           26         seized the throne
   1230  Puzur-Assur III        24
   1206  Enlil-nasir            13
   1193  Nur-ili                12
   1181  Assur-saduni    1 month
         Assur-rabi              4
   1177  Assur-nadin-ahhe       10

   1167  Ninurta-apil-Ekur      13    son of Ilu-ihadda seized throne
   1154  Assur-dan              36
   1118  Ninurta-tukulti-Assur
         Mutakkil-Nusku          1
   1117  Assur-res-isi          18
   1099  Tiglath-pileser        39    end of reign chaos - dendro event
   1060  Asarid-apil-Ekur        2
   1058  Assur-bel-kala         18
   1040  Eriba-Adad II           2
   1038  Samsi-Adad IV           4
   1034  Assurnasirpal          19
   1015  Shalmaneser I [II]     12
   1003  Assur-nirari II         6
    997  Assur-rabi II          41
    956  Assur-res-isi II        5
    951  Tiglath-pileser II     32 33      Assur kings
    919  Assur-dan II           23   
    896  Adad-nirari I          21 20 888  -          died at 55   4
    875  Tukulti-Ninurta II      7    884  -Zi-       died at 62   9
    868  Assurnasirpal II       25    875  -Bel       died at 55  13
    846  Shalmaneser II [III]   29    862  Enlil-nasir II          6
    817  Arbaces the Mede        1    856  Assur-nirari III        7
    816  Semiramis III          24    849  Assur-bel-nisesu        9 
    808  Samsi-Adad V           13    840  Assur-rim-nisesu        8
    795  Adad-nirari II         28    832  Eriba-Adad             27
    767  Shalmaneser III [IV]   10    805  Assur-uballit          36
    757  Assur-dan III          18    769  Enlil-nirari           10
    739  Assur-nirari IV         8    759  Arik-den-ili           12
    731  Interregnum             2    747  Adad-nirari            32
    729  Tiglath-pileser III    19    717  Shalmaneser IV [V & I] 30
    710  Sennacherib            23    687  Tukulti-Ninurta        37
    687  Esarhaddon             11    652  Assur-nadin-apli        4
    676  Assurbanipal           42    648  Assur-nirari V          6
    634  Assur-etel-ilani        5    642  Enlil-kudurri-usur     13
         Sin-sumu-lisir          1    629  Belkudur-usur           5
    632  Sin-sar-iskun          10    624  Fall of Assur 
    622  Fall of Nineveh in March     
    622  Assur-uballit II        2    
    620  Fall of Assyrian Empire at Haran Abu 12 (July 24) 


Semiramis        end       2255 BCE  T
Sulili                                   a contemporary of Mamylus
Semiramis II     end       1622 BCE  T   Battle of India
Belu-bani      start       1409 BCE  T   Year 38 Hammurabi - polar reversal
Puzur-Assur III            1230 BCE  T   Puzur-Assur III is Ninus 520
Tiglath-pileser  end       1060 BCE  Y   chaos 
Assurnasirpal II 1st year   868 BCE  T   Calah founded
Shalmaneser II[I] 6th year  838 BCE  T   Assur-rim-nisesu (3rd) year
Assur-dan III (11th) year   747 BCE  T+Y plague
Sargon II                   710 BCE      last 5 years as king of Babylon 
Shalmaneser IV [V & I]      709 BCE      9th year 
Sennacherib      end        687 BCE  T  
Tukulti-Ninurta II [I] 1st  687 BCE  T   earthquake - destruction of Babylon
Sack of Nineveh March 13th  622 BCE  Y   Assur-uballit II start in Haran
Fall of Assyria             620 BCE      Ninus 520 years previous


Assur-dugul began to reign in Year 32 of Hammurabi
Assurnasirpal II last three years co-reign with son Shalmaneser II [III] 
Semiramis II = Puzur-Assur IV
Semiramis III co-reigned with her son's (Adad-nirari II) first 3 years
Sargon II only has 14 eponyms with last 5 synchronized with Sennacherib first 5 
Shalmaneser IV [V & I] 5 eponyms are the first 5 years of Sennacherib 
Enlil-kudurri-usur kills Adad-shuma-usur?
Assur-etel-ilani and Enlil-kudurri-usur died in the same battle


Eponyms:  

  896  Adad-nerare II king of Assyria
  895  Shei-Ashur governor of Kilizi 
  894  Ashur-dainanni 
  893  Ashur-deni-amur 
  892  Barmu 
  891  Abi.... 
  890  Ashur-taklak 
  889  Q[urdi-ili]ma? 
  888  ...inanni 
  887  Dur-mati-Ashur 
  886  Illeqayu 
  885  Ninuayu 
  884  Likberu 
  883  Adad-ahu-iddin governor of the citadel
  882  Adad-dan 
  881  Ina-iliya-allak 
  880  Shamash-abua 
  879  Shamash-belu-usur 
  878  Nergal-zar...me? 
  877  Tab-eter-Ashur 
  876  Ashur-la-kenu-ubasha 

  875  Tukulti-Ninurta II king of Assyria 
  874  Taklak-ana-beliya 
  873  Abu-ilayu 
  872  Ilu-milku 
  871  Naid-ilu 
  870  Yari 
  869  Ashur-shezibanni 

  868  Ashurnasirpal II king of Assyria 
  867  Ashur-iddin 
  866  Miqti-adur 
  865  Sha-ilima-damqa 
  864  Dagan-belu-nasir 
  863  Ninurta-piya-usur 
  862  Ninurta-belu-usur 
  861  Ishshiak-Ashur-lilbur 
  860  Shamash-upahhir 
  859  Nergal-apil-kumua chief of palace governor of Kalah 
  858  Qurdi-Ashur 
  857  Ashur-lei 
  856  Ashur-natkil 
  855  Bel-mudammiq 
  854  Dayan-Ninurta 
  853  Ishtar-emuqaya governor of Tushhan 
  852  Shamash-nuri 
  851  Mannu-dan-ana-ili 
  850  Shamash-belu-usur 
  849  Ninurta-ilaya 
  848  Ninurta-eteranni 
  847  Ashur/Nergal-ilaya 
  846  Neral-nirka-dain 
  845  Tab-belu 
  844  Sharru-balti-nishi 

  843  Shalmaneser III king of Assyria 
  842  Ashur-belu-kain commander 
  841  Ashur-bunaya-usur chief butler 
  840  Abi-ina-ekalli-lilbur palace herald 
  839  Dayan-Ashur commander 
  838  Shamash-abua governor of Nisibin  
  837  Shamash-belu-usur governor of Kalah 
  836  Bel-bunaya palace herald 
  835  Hadi-lipushu governor of Nairi 
  834  Nergal-alik-pani 
  833  Bur-Ramman 
  832  Ninurta-mukin-nishi 
  831  Ninurta-nadin-shumi 
  830  Ashur-bunaya 
  829  Tab-Ninurta 
  828  Taklak-ana-sharri governor of Nemed-Ishtar 
  827  Adad-remanni 
  826  Shamash-abua  [to the] cedar [mountain] 
  825  Shulmu-beli-lamur [to Arz]uhina to Que
  824  Ninurta-kibsi-usur of Rasappa to Malahi 
  823  Ninurta-ilaya [of Ahi]zuhina to Danabi 
  822  Qurdi-Ashur [of] Raqmat to Tabal 
  821  Shep-sharri [of H]abruri to Melid 
  820  Nergal-mudammiq [of N]ineveh to Namri 
  819  Yahalu chamberlain  to Que 
  818  Ululayu [of Ki]lizi to Que 
  817  Sharru-hattu-ipel   to Que; the great god went from Der

  817  Shalmaneser (III) king of Assyria to Mannea      revolt 
  816  Dayan-Ashur                                      revolt 
  815  Ashur-bunaya-usur                                revolt 
  814  Yahalu                                           revolt 
  813  Bel-bunaya                                       revolt 
  812  Yahalu                                           revolt 

  811  Semiramis III 
  811  Nergal-ilaya [of Is]ana to Urartu 
  810  Hubayu [of ...]hi to Unqi 
  809  Ilu-mukin-ahi [of ...h]a to Ulluba 

  808  Shamshi-Adad V king of Assyria
  807  Yahalu                          
  806  Bel-dan palace herald 
  805  Ninurta-ubla         to Mannea 
  804  Shamash-ilaya [to ...]shumme 
  803  Nergal-ilaya governor of [ ] to Tille 
  802  Ashur-bunaya-usur chief butler to Tille 
  801  Sharri-hattu-ipel governor of Nisibin to Zarate
  800  Bel-lu-balat commander to Der; the great god went to Der 
  799  Musheknish governor of Habruri to Ahsana 
  798  Ninurta-ashared governor of Raqmat to Kaldu 
  797  Shamash-kumua governor of Arrapha to Babylon 
  796  Bel-qate-sabat governor of Mazamua of the land 

  795  Adad-nerari III king of Assyria to Media 
  794  Nergal-ilaya commander to Guzana 
  793  Bel-dan palace herald to Mannea 
  792  Sil-beli chief butler to Mannea 
  791  Ashur-taklak chamberlain to Arpad 
  790  Ilu-issiya governor of the land to Hazazu 
  789  Nergal-eresh governor Rasappa to Baalu 
  788  Ashur-balti-ekurri governor of Arrapha to the Sea; plague 
  787  Ninurta-ilaya of Ahi-zuhina to Hubushkia 
  786  Shep-Ishtar of Nisibin to Mannea 
  785  Marduk-ishmanni of Amedi to Mannea 
  784  Mutakkil-Marduk chief eunuch to Lushia 
  783  Bel-tarsi-iluma of Kalah to Namri 
  782  Ashur-belu-usur of Habruri to Mansuate 
  781  Marduk-shaduni of Raqmat to Der 
  780  Mukin-abua of Tushhan to Der 
  779  Mannu-ki-Ashur of Guzana to Media 
  778  Mushallim-Ninurta of Tille to Media 
  777  Bel-iqishanni of Shibhinish to Hubushkia 
  776  Shep-Shamash of Isana to Itua 
  775  Ninurta-mukin-ahi of Nineveh to Media 
  774  Adad-mushammer ofKilizi to Media; Nabu temple foundations laid 
  773  Sil-Ishtar of Arbela to Media; Nabu entered temple in Nineveh 
  772  Nabu-sharru-usur of Talmusa to Kiski 
  771  Adad-uballit of Tamnunna to Hubushkia; the great god went to Der 
  770  Marduk-sharru-usur of Arbela to Hubushkia 
  769  Ninurta-nasir of Zamua to Itua 
  768  Iluma-lei of Nisibin to Itua 

  767  Shalmaneser IV king of Assyria to Urartu 
  766  Shamshi-ilu commander to Urartu 
  765  Marduk-remanni chief butler to Urartu 
  764  Bel-lesher palace herald to Urartu 
  763  Nabu-ishdeya-kain chamberlain to Itua 
  762  Pan-Ashur-lamur governor of the land to Urartu 
  761  Nergal-eresh governor of Rasappa to the ceder mountain 
  760  Ishtar-duri governor of Nisibin to Namri 
  759  Mannu-ki-Adad governor of Raqmat to Damascus 
  758  Ashur-belu-usur governor of Kalah to Hatarikka 

  757  Ashur-dan III king of Assyria to Gananati 
  756  Shamshi-ilu commander to Marad 
  755  Bel-ilaya of Arrapha to Itua 
  754  Aplaya of Zamua in the land 
  753  Qurdi-Ashur of Ahizuhina to Gananati 
  752  Mushallim-Ninurta of Tille to Media 
  751  Ninurta-mukin-nishi of Habruri to Hatarikka; plague 
  750  Sidqi-ilu of Tushhan in the land 
  749  Bur-Saggile of Guzana; revolt in the citadel; in Siwan a solar eclipse 
  748  Tab-belu of Amedi; revolt in the citadel 
  747  Nabu-mukin-ahi of Nineveh; revolt in Arrapha 
  746  La-qipu of Kilizi; revolt in Arrapha 
  745  Pan-Ashur-lamur of Arbela; revolt in Guzana; plague 
  744  Ana-beli-taklak of Isana to Gazana; peace in the land 
  743  Ninurta-iddin of Kurbail in the land 
  742  Bel-shadua of Tamnunna in the land 
  741  Iqisu of Shibhinish to Hatarikka 
  740  Ninurta-shezibanni of Talmusa to Arpad; return from Ashur 

  739  Ashur-nerari V king of Assyria in the land 
  738  Shamshi-ilu commander in the land 
  737  Marduk-shallimanni palace herald in the land
  736  Bel-dan chief butler in the land 
  735  Shamash-kenu-dugul chamberlain to Namri 
  734  Adad-belu-kain governor of the land to Namri 
  733  Sin-shallimanni of Rasappa in the land 
  732  Nergal-nasir of Nisibin; revolt in Kalah 

  731  Nabu-belu-usur of Arrapha; 13th Ayar T-P III took the throne 
  730  Bel-dan of Kalah to Namri 
  729  Tiglath-pileser III king of Assyria to Arpad; Urartu defeated 
  728  Nabu-dainanni commander to Arpad 
  727  Bel-Harran-belu-usur palace herald to Arpad; within 3 years taken 
  726  Nabu-eteranni chief butler to Arpad 
  725  Sin-taklak chamberlain to Ulluba; citadel captured 
  724  Adad-belu-kain governor of the land; Kullani conquered 
  723  Bel-emuranni of Rasappa to Media 
  722  Ninurta-ilaya of Nisibin to the foot of mount Nal 
  721  Ashur-shallimanni of Arrapha to Urartu 
  720  Bel-dan of Kalah to Philistia 
  719  Ashur-dainanni of Mazamua to Damascus 
  718  Nabu-belu-usur of Simme to Damascus 
  717  Nergal-uballit of Ahi-zuhina to Shapiya 
  716  Bel-lu-dari of Tille in the land 
  715  Liphur-ilu of Habruri; the king took the hands of Bel 
  714  Dur-Ashur of Tushhan to Hi[...]; the king took the hands of Bel 
  713  Bel-Harran-belu-usur of Guzana; Shalmaneser sat on the throne of Babylon 
  712  Marduk-belu-usur [of Ame]di 
  711  Mahde of Nineveh 

  710  Ashur-ishmanni [of Kili]zi
  709  Shalmaneser king of Assur took the hands of Bel 
  708  Ninurta-ilaya 
  707  Nabu-taris 
  706  Ashur-nirka-dain 
  705  Nashur-bel governor of Amedi; 12th Ab Sennacherib took the throne 
  704  Nabu-deni-epush governor of Nineveh t[o   ] Larak, Sarabanu, [   ] 
  703  Nuhshaya governor of Kilizi 
  702  Nabu-lei governor of Arbela 
  701  Hananu governor of Til-Barsip from Halzi-... 
  700  Metunu governor of Isana; [As]hur-nadin-shumi, son of [Sennacherib] 
  699  Bel-Sharrani governor of Kurbail 
  698  Shulmu-sharri governor of Halziatbar 
  697  Nabu-duru-usur governor of Tamnunna 
  696  Shulmu-beli governor of Talmusi 
  695  Ashur-belu-usur governor of Shaluppa/Kadmuhi 
  694  Ilu-issiya governor of Damascus 
  693  Iddin-ahhe of Dur-Sharruken 
  692  Zazaya governor of Arpad 
  691  Bel-emuranni governor of Carchemish 
  690  Nabu-kenu-usur governor of Samaria 
  689  Gihilu governor of Hatarikka 
  688  Iddin-ahhe governor of Simirra 

  687  Sennacherib king of Assyria 
  686  Bel-emuranni commander of the right 
  685  Ashur-dainanni of Que 
  684  Manzerne governor of Kullania 
  683  Mannu-ki-Adad of Supite 
  682  Nabu-sharru-usur governor of Marash 
  681  Nabu-ahhe-eresh governor of Samal 
  680  Dananu governor of Mansuate 
  679  Issi-Adad-anenu governor of Megiddo 
  678  Nergal-sharru-usur chief butler 
  677  Abi-ramu chief vizier 
  676  Banba chief/second vizier 

  675  Nabu-ahhe-iddin (chief) chamberlain 
  674  Sharru-nuri governor of Barhalzi 
  673  Atar-ilu governor of Lahira 
  672  Nabu-belu-usur governor of Dur-Sharruken 
  671  Kanunayu chief judge 
  670  Shulmu-beli-lashme governor of Der 
  669  Shamash-kashid-ayabi governor of Asdi[...] 
  668  Marlarim commander of Kummuh 
  667  Gabbaru of Dur-Sin-ahhe-eriba 
  666  Kanunayu governor of the new palace 
  665  Mannu-ki-sharri palace herald/royal officer 
  664  Sharru-lu-dari governor of Dur-Sharruken
  663  Bel-naid commander 
  662  Tab-shar-Sin governor of Rasappa 
  661  Arbailayu chief chamberlain 
  660  Girsapunu 
  659  Silim-Ashur second vizier 
  658  Sha-Nabu-shu chief (eunuch) 
  657  Labasi revenue officer 
  656  Milki-ramu colonel 
  655  Amyanu governor of Que 
  654  Ashur-nasir 
  653  Ashur-ilaya chief vizier 
  652  Ashur-duru-usur governor of Barhalzi 
  651  Sagabbu governor of Harran 
  650  Bel-Harran-shadua governor of Tyre 
  649  Ahu-ilaya governor of Carchemish 
  648  
  647
  646  Belsunu 
  645  Nabu-nadin-ahi 
  644  Nabu-sar-ahhesu; 6 years after Sagabbu 
  643  Sin-sarru-usur governer of Hindanu 
  642  Samas-dainanni 
  641  
  640  
  639  
  638  
  637  
  636  
  635  
  634  
  633  Assurbanipal 

Assur-sar-usur

Musallim-Assur 
Assur-gimilli-tirri 
Zababa-eriba 
Sin-sar-usur governor of Hindanu 
Bel-lu-dari 

Bullutu 

  633  Assurbanipal 
  
633  Assur-etel-ilani 
632  Sin-sar-iskun 

  631  
  630  
  629  Bel-sarru-naid 
  628  
  627  
  626  
  625  
  624  
  623  

Assur-matu-taqqin 
Bel-ahu-usur 
Daddi 
Nabu-tapputu-alik 
Sailu 

Salmu-sarru-iqbi 
Sin-sarru-usur palace scribe 


622  Assur-uballit II 

  622  Sin-sar-iskun - Sin-kena-idi 
  621  Sin-kena-idi 
  620  Assur-uballit II - End of the Assyrian Empire 





  719  Sargon II king of Assyria 
  718  Zeru-ibni governor of Rasappa [to Ta]bal 
  717  Tab-shar-Ashur chamberlain; [Dur-Sharru]ken founded 
  716  Tab-sil-Esharra governor of the citadel [to] Mannea 
  715  Taklak-ana-beli governor of Nisibin; governors appointed 
  714  Ishtar-duri governor of Arrapha [to Ur]artu, Musasir, Haldia 
  713  Ashur-bani governor of Kalah; the nobels in Ellipa; [t]o Musasir 
  712  Sharru-emuranni governor of Zamua in the land 
  711  Ninurta-alik-pani governor of Simme to Marash 
  710  Shamash-belu-usur governor of Arzuhina to Bit-Zeri; king stayed in Kish 
  709  Mannu-ki-Ashur-lei governor of Tille; Sargon II took the hands of Bel 
  708  Shamash-upahhir governor of Habruri; Kummuh conquered; appointed officers
  707  Sha-Ashur-dubbu governor of Tushhan; king returned from Babylon 
  706  Mutakkil-Ashur governor of Guzana; 6th Ayar Dur-Sharruken completed 

  708  Yahalu chamberlain  to Que 
  707  Ululayu [of Ki]lizi to Que 
  706  Sharru-hattu-ipel   to Que; the great god went from Der



Sumerian/Babylonian chronology BCE

   3398  Jucur               1200  20     2045  Deserted               7
   3378  Kullassina-bel       900  15     2038  Ishbi-Erra            33
   3363  Palakinatim          900  15     2005  Shu-ilishu            10
   3348  Nangishlishma   401  420   7     1995  Iddin-Dagan           21
   3341  Bahina               300   5     1974  Ishme-Dagan           20
   3336  Buanum               840  14     1954  Lipit-Ishtar          11
   3322  Kalibum              900  15     1943  Ur-Ninurta            28
   3307  Galumum              840  14     1915  Bur-Sin               21
   3293  Zukakip              900  15     1894  Lipit-Enlil            5
   3278  Atab                 600  10     1889  Erra-imitti            8
   3268  Mashda               840  14     1881  Enlil-bani            24
   3254  Arurim               720  12     1857  Zambia                 3
   3242  Etana               1500  25     1854  Iter-pisha             4
   3217  Balih                410   7     1850  Ur-Dukuga              4
   3210  Enmenunna            660  11     1846  Sin-magir             11
   3199  Melam-Kish          1560  26     1835  Damiq-ilisu           23
   3173  Barsalnunna         1200  20
   3153  Meszamug             140   2     1812  Naplanum              21
   3151  Tizkar              1620  27     1791  Emisum                28
   3124  Ilku                 900  15     1763  Samium                35
   3109  Iltasadum           1200  20     1728  Zabaia                 9
   3089  Enmebaraggesi        900  15     1719  Gungunum              27
   3075  Agga                 625  10     1692  Abisare               11
                                          1681  Sumuel                29
   3065  Meskiaggasher        324   5     1652  Nur-Adad              16
   3060  Enmerkar             420   7     1636  Sin-iddinam            7
   3053  Lugalbanda          1200  20     1629  Sin-eribam             2
   3033  Dumuzi               100   2     1627  Sin-iqisham            5
   3031  Gilgamesh            126   2     1622  Sili-Adad              1
   3029  Urnungal                  30     1621  Warad-Sin             12
   2999  Udulkalamma               15     1609  Rim-Sin               61
   2984  Labasher                   9
   2975  Ennundaranna               8     1548  Sumuabum              14
   2967  Meshede                   36     1534  Sumulael              36
   2931  Melamanna       900       15     1498  Sabium                14
   2916  Lugalkidul      420        7     1484  Apil-Sin              18
                                          1466  Sin-muballit          20
   2909  Mesannepadda          80   1     1446  Hammurabi             46
   2908  Meskiagnunna              30     1400  Samsuiluna            38
   2878  Elulu                     25     1362  Abi-eshu              28
   2853  Balulu                    36     1334  Ammiditana            37
                                          1297  Ammisaduqa            21
   2858  -     Awan  356           41     1276  Samsuditana           26
   2817  -                         23
   2794  Kul...                    36     1250  Ilumael               60
                                          1190  Itti-ili-nibi         56
   2758  Susuda              +201   3     1134  Damiq-ilisu II        22
   2755  Dadasig               81   1     1112  Ishkibal              15
   2754  Mamagal              420   7     1097  Shushshi              24
   2747  Kalbum               195   3     1073  Gulkishar             55
   2744  Tuge                 360   6     1018  Peshgaldaramas        50
   2738  Mennumna             180   3      968  Adara-kalamma         28
   2735  Ibbi-Ea              290?  5      940  Akurulanna            26
   2730  Lugalmu              420   7      914  Melamkurkurra          7
                                           907  Ea-gamil               9
   2723  Hadanish             420   7      
                                           898  Mursilis (Hattusilis)  
   2716  Enpirigdu             60   1           Hantilis              12
   2715  Lugalure             120   2      886  Zidantas              16
   2713  Argandea                   7      870  Ammunas                9
                                           861  Huzziyas              11
   2706  Nani     total +116  +54   1      850  Telepinus              5
   2705  Meckiajnanna II  60        1      845  Alluwamnas            10
   2704  Elili                      2      835  Interregnum            4
                                           831  Shallemeser III       14
   2702  Lugalannemundu        90   2      817  Arbaces the Mede       1
                                           816  Suppiluliumas         40
   2700  Ilshu            90        1      776  Tudhalis              16
   2699  Anba                       7      764  Arnuwandas            24
   2692  Bazi                      30      745  Hattusilis II         22
   2662  Zizi                      20      726  Tudhalis II           26
   2642  Limer                     30      702  Tudhalis III          22
   2612  Nizi                       7      684  Tudhalis IV           30
                                           656  Suppiluliumas II      27
   2605  Ku-Bau               100   2      629  Arnuwandas II          1
                                           628  Mursilis II           29
   2603  Unzi                      30      599  Muwatallis             7
   2573  Undalulu                  12      592  Urhi-Tesup             1
   2561  Ur-ur                      6      591  Hattusilis III        12
   2555  Puzur-Nirah               20      579  Tudhalis V             2
   2535  Ishu-Il                   24      577  Arnuwandas III         4
   2511  Shu-Sin                    7      573  Suppiluliumas III     17
                                                Karunta co-ruler      
   2504  Puzur-Sin                 25
   2479  Ur-Zababa            400   7      556  Cyrus II  21st year    9
   2472  Simudarra                 30      547  Cambyses II            8
   2442  Usiwatar                   7      539  Darius                36
   2435  Ishtar-muti               11      508  Xerxes                26
   2424  Ishme-Shamash             11      482  Artaxerxes            40
   2413  Nannia                     7      442  Xerxes II
                                                Darius II             19
   2406  Lugalzaggesi              25      423  Artaxerxes II         64
                                           359  Artaxerxes III        21
   2381  Sargon                    55      338  Arses                  2
   2326  Rimush                    15      336  Darius III             5      
   2311  Manishtushu                7
   2304  Naram-Sin                 56      331  Alexander III          7
   2248  Sharkalisharri            24      324  Philip III             7
   2225  Igigi                             317  Antigonus             11      
         Nanum                       
         Imi                        3      284  Seleucus Nicator       9
         Elulu                             275  Antiochus Soter       20
   2222  Dudu                      21      255  Antiochus II Theos    15
   2201  Shudurul                  15      240  Seleucus II Cal       20
                                           222  Seleucus III Ceraunos  3
   2186  Urnigin                    3      219  Antiochus III Great   35
   2183  Urgigir                    6      191  Seleucus IV Philop    12
   2177  Kudda                      6      179  Antiochus IV Epiphan  11
   2171  Puzur-ili                  5      168  Antiochus V Eupator    2
   2166  Ur-Utu                     6      166  Demetrius Soter       13
                                           153  Alexander Balas       10
   2160  Utuhegal             427   7      143  Demetrius II Nicator   6
                                                Antiochus VI the God   5
   2153  Ur-Nammu                  18      142  Diodotus Tryphon       4
   2135  Shulgi                    48      138  Antiochus VII Euerget  9
   2086  Amar-Sin                   9      129  Demetrius II 2nd       3
   2076  Shu-Sun                    7      126  Cleo V Antiochus VIII  5
   2069  Ibbi-Sin                  24           Seleucus V son Demetr  1
                                           121  Antiochus VIII P G    25
   2249  Erridupizir               20      115  Antiochus IX Cyzicen  20
   2246  Imta                       3       96  Seleucus VI Ep N       1
   2243  Inkishush                  6       95  Antiochus X Euseb Pp  12
   2237  Sarlagab                   6       94  Philip Ep Ph          11
   2231  Shulme                     6       92  Demetrius III T Pp SII 8 E
   2225  Elulumesh                  6       87  Antiochus XI Ep Ph     3
   2219  Inimbakesh                 5       84  Antiochus XII Dionysus 1
   2214  Igeshaush                  6       83  Tigranes II Armenia   14
   2208  Iarlagab                  15       69  Antiochus XIII Asiatic 5
   2193  Ibate                      3       64  Philip II              3
   2190  Jarlagab                   3       61  Rome            
   2187  Kurum                      1
   2186  Habilkin                   3      628  Nabopolassar          29
   2183  Laerabum                   2      622  Nebuchadnezzar II     43
   2181  Irarum                     2      620  Nabopolassar Era      21
   2179? Ibranum                    1      617  Nebuchadnezzar II command
   2177  Hablum                     2      599  Niglassar              7
   2175  Puzur-Sin                  7      592  Labosardachus         9m
   2168  Iarlaganda                 7      591  Nebuchadnezzar II     12
   2161  Simum                      7      579  Merodach               2
   2154  Tirigan              40 days      577  Niglassar II           4
                                           573  Nabonidus + Baltasar  17
                                           556  Cyrus II              21st
                                     

Era of kings of men    3398 BCE     
Gutium began           2249 BCE  Y  
Sharkalisharri  end    2225 BCE  T  Chaos - multiple kings (2224-2221 BCE)
Utuhegal (end 6/7th)   2154 BCE  Y  Gutium dynasty end
Ur III          end    2045 BCE  T
Hammurabi 7th          1440 BCE  T  Mutiple but even # of polar reversals
Hammurabi 38th         1409 BCE  T  Polar reversal 3rd and last historic
Samsuiluna 28th        1373 BCE  Y  defeated 2 armies 
Ammisaduga 9th         1289 BCE  T  Venus tablets
Ammisaduga 19th        1279 BCE  Y  Lightning bolts
Peshgaldaramas began   1018 BCE  T
Ea-gamil        end     898 BCE  T  Sack of Babylon by Hattusilis
Suppiluliumas   end     776 BCE  T  
Niglasser 4th mid rule  596 BCE  T  Eclipse predicted by Thales 595 BCE
Nebuchadnezzar II began 591 BCE  Y  34th of Rames II marries Neb daughter
Darius 11th [19th]      528 BCE  Y
Darius 36th             504 BCE  T
Xerxes 6th              497 BCE  Y  
Artaxerxes II 42nd      384 BCE  T
Artaxerxes III 19th     341 BCE  Y
Alexander III   end     324 BCE  T
Asacid Era              247 BCE  Y  
Antiochus IV 7th        173 BCE  T  Seleucus IV end
Demetrius Soter end     153 BCE  Y  Red disk
Alexander Balas end     143 BCE  T
Tigranes II starts       83 BCE  T

Sharkalisharri 18th year (2231 BCE) captures Gutium king Sarlagab
Gutium dynasty ended at the end of 6 years near the 7th year of Utuhegal 

The Hittite kings are the lost list of Lydian kings missynced 5 1/2 
centuries too early in time.

Two unknown kings ruled before Seleucus Nicator came out as the winner


Kassites   36 kings 576 years 9 months

   1199  Gandash                  16   1744
   1183  Agum                     22   1728  12
   1161  Kashtiliash              22   1706
   1139  Ushshi                    8   1684
   1131  Abirattash                4   1676  15
   1116  Kashtiliash II            3   1661  10
   1106  Urzigurumash              3   1651  10
   1096  Harbasipak               14   1641  30
   1066  Tiptakzi                 22   1611   5
   1044  Agum II                  44   1589  50
    994  Burnaburiash             25   1539  45
    949  Kashtiliash III          44   1494  30
    905  Ulamburiash               7   1450
    898  Agum III                 20   1443      Sack of Babylon 898 BCE
    878  Kadashmankharbi           5   1423   
    873  Kurigalzu                11   1418
    862  Kadashman-Enlil          21   1407
    841  Karaindash               10   1386
    831  Shalmaneser II [III]                14
    817  Burnaburiash II          29   1376    
    788  Karakhardash                  1347   
         Nazibugash                2          1
    787  Kurigalzu II             24   1345  22
    763  Nazimaruttash            26   1321  25
    738  Nadashman-Turgu          15   1295  18
    723  Kadashman-Enlil II        9   1277  15
    714  Kudur-Enlil               6   1262   9
    708  Shagarakti-Shuriash      13   1253
    695  Kashtiliash IV            8   1240
    687  Interregnum               7   1232    Tukulti-Ninurta
    680  Enlil-nadin-shumi )           
         Kadashmankharbe II)       3   1225
    677  Adad-shuma-iddina         6   1222
    671  Adad-shuma-usur          30   1216
    641  Meli-shiskhu             15   1186    Melisipak
    626  Zababa-shuma-iddina       1   1171
    625  Enlil-nadin-akhi          3   1170

Isin II

    777  Marduk-kabit-ahheshu     18   1167  17
    759  Itti-Marduk-balatu        8   1149   6
    751  Ninurta-nadin-shumi       6   1141
    745  Nebuchadrezzar I         22   1135    Hattusilis II  16th
    723  Enlil-nadin-apli          4   1113
    719  Marduk-nadin-addhe 10th  18   1109   7th eclipse
    701  Marduk-shapik-zeri       13   1091  17
    688  Adad-apal-iddina         22   1078
    666  Marduk-ahhe-eriba         1   1056
    665  Marduk-zer-e...          12   1055
    653  Nabu-shumu-libur          8   1043
    645  -                         2           unknown king - not on list

Sealand II

    643  Simbar-sipak             18   1035   12 or 13 years
    625  Ea-mukin-zeri           5m    1017
         Kassu-nadin-ahi           3

Bazi

    642  Eulmas-sakin-sumi        17   1014
    625  Ninurta-kudurri-usur      3    997
    622  Sirikti-Suqamuna        3m

Elamite

    634  Mar-biti-apla-usur        6    994

8th Babylonian dynasty

    988  Nabu-mukin-apli          36    Earthquake begins dynasty
    952  Ninurta-kudurri-usur II 8m
    951  Mar-biti-akhe-iddin      16
    935  Samash-mudammik          14 
    921  Nabu-shuma-ukin          25
    896  Nabu-apla-iddin          19
    877  Marduk-bel-usate         18
    859  Marduk-zakir-shumi       27
    832  Marduk-balatsu-ikbi      24
    808  Bau-akh-iddin            22
         5 kings  2, 3, 1, 2, 1    9
    799  Ninurta-apla-x           23
         Adad-shum-ibni           29
         Marduk-bel-zeri          17
    781  Marduk-apla-usur         22
    779  Eriba-Marduk             19
    760  Nabu-shuma-iskun         13
    747  Nabu-nasir               14    Era of Nabonassar
    733  Nabu-nadin-zeri           2   
    731  Nabu-suma-ukin II       1m   

9th dynasty

    731  Nabu-mukin-zeri           2    3rd year 729 BCE Pul takes Babylon 
    729  Marduk-apla-iddina       12    Merodach-Baladan 
    717  Ululayu                   5    Ululayu = Shalmaneser 
    712  First kingless period     2   
    710  Sargon II                 5    
         Bel-ibni                  3   
    707  Marduk-zakir-sumi II  1 m     
         Marduk-apla-iddina    9 m      2nd time 22nd year
    706  Assur-nadin-sumi          6   
    700  Nergal-usezib             1   
    699  Musezib-Marduk            4   
    695  Second kingless period    8    Sennacherib 
    687  Esarhaddon               11    Babylon destroyed 
    676  Samas-sum-ukin           20 
    656  Kandalanu                22 

Elamite

    634  Mar-biti-apla-usur        6

Lydian

    628  Nabopolassar             29   Mursilis II
    622  Nebuchadnezzar II        43   Hattusilis III
    620  Nabopolassar             21   Era of Nabopolassar
    599  Neriglissar               7   Muwatallis
    592  Labasi-Marduk           9m    Urhi-Tesup
    591  Nebuchadnezzar II        12   Hattusilis III
    579  Amel-Merodach             2   Tudhalis III
    577  Neriglissar II            4   Arnuwandas III
    573  Nabonidus                17   Suppliluliumas III

Persia

    556  Cyrus II                  9


   1060 BCE Tiglath-pileser end - chaos
    988 BCE Nabu-mukin-apli - omens & earthquake
    898 BCE Agum III sacked Babylon also Mursilis/Hattusilis
    868 BCE Nabu-apal-iddina - confusion in Babylon
    838 BCE Shalmaneser the Great 6th year is the mid reign of Ahaziah (5th) 
    747 BCE Era of Nabonassar - Assur-dan III (11th) year 
    709 BCE Shalmaneser IV [V & I] 9th year sacrifices in Babylon
    687 BCE Babylon destroyed 
    656 BCE Kandalanu start 
    651 BCE Nineveh and Jonah
    626 BCE Simbar-sipak - Fire in sky (Simba-Sihu)
    624 BCE Assur sacked
    622 BCE March 13th Nineveh sacked and Nebuchadnezzar II reigns in Babylon
    620 BCE Era of Nabopolassar - fall of Assyrian Empire at Haran Abu 12 
    617 BCE Nebuchadnezzar II as commander of the army of Chaldea
    598 BCE Jerusalem sacked July 2nd in the 22nd year of Nabopolassar Era - 
            and the 19th year of Nebuchadnezzar II as army commander 
    595 BCE Neriglissar 4th year eclipse predicted by Thales the Milesian 
    576 BCE Era of Cyrus II the Great 
    556 BCE 1st year of Cyrus II in the city of Babylon


Girkishar 696 to Nebuchadrezzar (Alexander)
10th year of Marduk-nadin-akhe - Tiglath-pileser I start and T-P III end 
Tiglath-pileser I 641 years after Shamshi-Adad son of Ishme-Dagan
Nabonidus 800 years after Shagraki-Buriash son of Kudur-Bel
Naram-Sin 3200 years before Nabonidus
Asshurbanapal 1,635 years after Kudu-nankhund [675-42+1635= 2310-2268 BCE]
Marduk-nadin-akhe 418 years before Sennacherib (1129 BCE)


Asshurdan son of Ninibapal-esharra 60 years before Tiglath-pileser I (70)
Hammurabi 700 years before Burnaburiash had built E-barra (600)
Karaindash peace treaty with Asshur-bel-nisheshu
Tukulti-Ninib 600 years before Sennacherib (ruled 6 years after)
Burnaburiash letter to Amenophis III king of Egypt
Asshur-uballit letter to Napkhuriya king of Egypt - Amenophis III
Asshur-uballit - Kara-khardash - Kadashman-Kharbe - Kurigalzu II


Shalmaneser 434 Shamshi-Adad (714 BCE +434 + 242 = 1490 BCE)
Tukulti-Ninurta 720 Ilushuma (21) [540 end of Shamshi-Adad]
Tiglath-pileser 701 Shamshi-Adad
Erishum 159 (129) Shamshi-Adad
Ashur-Dan III 9th year in the 3rd month of Siwan a solar eclipse
Shalmaneser 580 Erishum (421, 422, + 434 to the end of Shamshi-Adad)
Ushpi, Shamshi-Adad, Erishum (Irishum) [350 cycle]
Ashur-uballit 135 Puzur-Shur III



China BCE                               BCE

   3398  Shennong            500        1199  Wu  Shang             7
   2898  Yellow Emperor      300        1192  Cheng                37
   2598  Shaohao              85        1155  Kang                 26
   2513  Zhuanxu              78        1129  Chao     end         51
   2435  Ku                   70        1078  Mu                   55
   2365  Zhi                   9        1023  Kung                 12
   2356  Yao      42nd       101        1018  I         1st        25
   2255  Shun      1st        50         993  Hsiao     6th         9
                                         984  I'                   16
   2205  Yu  Xia               8         968  Li                   51
   2197  Qi                    9         917  Hsuan                46
   2188  Taikang              29         871  Yu        3rd        11
   2159  Zhongkang 5th        13         860  Ping     51st        51
   2146  Xiang                27         809  Huan                 23
   2119  Hanzhuo              40         786  Chuang               15
   2079  Shaokang             22         771  Hsi                   5
   2057  Zhu      13th        17         766  Hui                  25
   2040  Huai                 26         741  Hsiang               33
   2014  Mang                 18         708  Ching I               6
   1996  Xie                  16         702  Kuang                 6
   1980  Bujiang              59         696  Ting                 21
   1921  Juan                 21         675  Chien                14
   1900  Jin       8th         8         661  Ling                 27
   1892  Kongjia               9         634  Ching II  10th &13th 25
   1883  Gao                   3         609  Ching III 14th &43rd 44
   1880  Fa        7th         7         565  Yuan       6th        7
   1873  Jie      10th + 31st 31         558  Cheng'ting           28
                                         530  Kao                  15
   1843  Tang  Shang          13         515  Wei-lieh             24
   1830  Taijia               33         491  An        15th       26
   1797  Woding               29         465  Lieh                  7
   1768  Taigeng              25         458  Hsien     23rd       48
   1743  Xiaojia              17         410  Shen-ching            6
   1726  Yongji               12         404  Nan                  59
   1714  Taiwu                53 75
   1661  Zhongding            13         345  Chao-hsiang  Tsin     5
   1648  Wairen               15         340  Hsiao-wen             1
   1633  Hetanjia              9         339  Chuang-hsiang         3
   1623  Zukyi                19         336  Shih-hung Ti         37
   1604  Zuxin                16         299  Enh-shih              2
   1588  Wojia                25
   1563  Zuding               32         297  Kao Tsu  W Han       11
   1532  Nangeng              25         286  Hui Ti                7
   1507  Yangjia               7         279  Kao Huo               8
   1500  Pangeng              28         271  Wen Ti               13
   1472  Xiaoxin              32 21      258  Ching Ti             16
   1440  Xiaoyi               28         242  Wu Ti                54
   1412  Wuding               59         188  Chao Ti              13
   1353  Zugeng                7         175  Hsuan Ti             25
   1346  Zujia                40         150  Yuan Ti              16
   1306  Linxin                6         134  Cheng Ti             26
   1300  Kangding             21         108  Ai Ti                 6
   1279  Wuyi                 18  4      102  Ping Ti               6
   1261  Wenwuding 3rd         3          96  Ju-tzu Ying           3
   1258  Diyi                 25 37       93  Wang Mang 2nd or 3rd 14
   1233  Dixin     5th & 35th 34          79  Huai-yang + Ti Hsuan  2
                                          77  Kuang-wu Ti  E Han   32
                                          45  Ming Ti              18
                                          27  Chang Ti             13
   CE 4  Shang Ti              1          14  Ho Ti                17
      5  An Ti                19
     24  Shao Ti
         Shun Ti              20
     44  Chung Ti
         Chih Ti               1
     45  Huan Ti              22
     67  Ling Ti              21
     88  Shao Ti
         Hsien Ti (Min)       32

    120  Chao Lieh Ti          2         904  Tai Tsu               5
    122  Hou Ti               40         909  Ming Tsung            1
    162  Wen Ti                6         910  Mo Ti                10
    168  Ming Ti              13
    181  Fie Ti               15         920  Chuang Tsung          3
    196  Shao Ti               6         923  Ming Tsung            7
    202  Yuan Ti Huan          5         930  Min Ti                1
    207  Ta Ti                30         931  Mo Ti                 2
    237  Fe Ti                 6
    243  Ching Ti              6         933  Kao Tsu               6
    249  Mo Ti                16         939  Chu Ti                5

    265  Wu Ti                25         944  Kao Tsu               1
    290  Hui Ti               16         945  Yin Ti                3
    306  Huai Ti               7
    313  Min Ti                4         948  Tai Tsu               3
                                         951  Shih Tsung            5
    317  Yuan Ti               5         956  Kung Ti               1
    322  Ming Ti               3
    325  Cheng Ti             17         957  Tai Tsu              16
    342  Kang Ti               2         973  Tai Tsung            21
    344  Mu Ti                17         994  Chen Tsung           25
    361  Ai Ti                 4        1019  Jen Tsung            41
    365  Hai Hsi Kung          6        1060  Tin Tsung             4
    371  Chien Wen Ti          1        1064  Shen Tsung           18
    372  Hsiao Wu Ti          24        1082  Che Tsung            15
    396  An Ti                22        1097  Hui Tsung            25
                                        1122  Chin Tsung            2
    418  Kung Ti               2        1124  Kao Tsung            35
                                        1159  Hsiao Tsung          27
    420  Wu Ti                 2        1186  Kuang Tsung           5
    422  Shao Ti               2        1191  Ning Tsung           30
    424  Wen Ti               29        1221  Li Tsung             40
                                        1261  Tu Tsung             10
    453  Hsiao Wu Ti          11        1271  Kung Tsung            2
    464  (Chien) Fei Ti        1        1273  Tuan Tsung            2
    465  Ming Ti               7        1274  Ti Ping               1
    472  Fie Ti                5
    477  Shun Ti               2        1208  Tai Tsu              21
                                        1229  Tolui                 2
    479  Kao Ti                3        1231  Tai Tsung            12
    482  Wu Ti                11        1243  Toregene Khatun       5
    493  Yu-lin wang           1        1248  Ting Tsung            3
    494  Hai-ling wang                  1251  Oghul Ghaimash        2
         Ming Ti               4        1253  Hsien Tsung           9
    498  Tung-hun hou          3        1262  Shih Tsung 14th DW   34
    501  He Ti                 1
                                        1296  Cheng Tsung          13
    502  Wu Ti                47        1309  Wu Tsung              4
    549  Chien Wen Ti          2        1313  Jen Tsung             9
    551  Yu-chang wan          1        1322  Yin Tsung             3
    552  Yuan Ti               3        1325  Tai Ting Ti           5
    555  Chen-yang hou                  1329  Wen Tsung             1
         Ching Ti              2        1330  Ming Tsung
                                              Wen Tsung     2nd     3
    549  Wu Ti                 2        1332  Ning Tsung            1
    551  Wen Ti                7        1333  Shun Ti              35
    558  Fei Ti                2
    560  Hsuan Ti             14        1368  Tai Tsu Ming         30
    574  Hou Chu               7        1398  Hui Ti                4
                                        1402  Cheng Tsu            22
    577  Wen Ti (Kao Tsu)     23        1424  Jen Tsung             1
    600  Yang Ti              13        1425  Hsuan Tsung          10
    613  Kung Ti               1        1435  Ying Tsung           14
                                        1449  Tai Tsung             8
    613  Kao Tsu               8        1457  Ying Tsung  2nd       7
    621  Tai Tsung            23        1464  Hsien Tsung          23
    644  Kao Tsung            34        1487  Hsiao Tsung          18 25?
    678  Chung Tsung           1        1505  Chu Hou-chiao        16
    679  Jui Tsung             6
    685  Wu Hou               15        1521  Chu Hou-tsung        46
    700  Chung Tsung 2nd       5        1567  Chu Tsai-kou          5
    705  Jui Tsung 2nd         2        1572  Chu I-chung          48
    707  Hsuan Tsung          44        1620  Chu Chang-lo          1
    753  Su Tsung              6        1621  Chu Yu-chiao          6
    759  Tai Tsung            17        1627  Chu Yu-chein         17
    776  Te Tsung             26
    802  Shun Tsung                     1644  Shun-chih            18
         Hsien Tsung          15        1662  Kang-hsi             60
    817  Mu Tsung              4        1722  Yung-cheng           13
    821  Ching Tsung           2        1735  Chien-lung           61
    823  Wen Tsung            14        1796  Chia-ching           24
    837  Wu Tsung              6        1820  Tao-Kuang            30
    843  Hsuan Tsung          13        1850  Hsien-feng           11
    856  I Tsung              14        1861  Tung-chih            14
    870  Hsi Tsung            15        1875  Kuang-hsu            33
    885  Chao Tsung           16        1908  Hsuan-Tung            4
    901  Chao Hsuan Ti         3        1912  Republic



    BCE

   2315  Yao         42nd  brilliant star appeared in Yin                (T
   2255  Shun         1st  brilliant star came out in Fang               (T
   2155  Zhongkang    5th  9m kang-seuh day [47] eclipse October 12th    (Y
   2045  Zhu         13th  Ho river kills Ming                           (T
   1893  Jin          8th  inauspicius portents in the sky - ten suns    (T
   1873  Fa           7th  Mt Tae shook                                  (Y
   1863  Jie         10th  planets went out of their courses, stars fell (T
                           like rain, and the rivers E and Loh became dry
   1842  Tang         2nd  drought of 5 years begins                     (Y
   1259  Wenwuding    3rd  river flow interrupted 3 times                (T
   1229  Dixin        5th  shower of earth                               (T
   1202  Dixin       32nd  Mandate of Heaven - 5 planets lined up 
   1199  Dixin       35th  great famine                                  (T
   1078  Chao        52nd  comet then death of king and 6 armies         (T
   1018  I            1st  two sun rises in one day                      (T
    868  Yu           3rd  thunder and lighting - no clouds              (T
    810  Ping        51st  eclipse                                       (Y
    808  Huan         3rd  2nd month day jen-chen [29] (April 10th)      (T
    625  Ching II    10th  eclipse                                       (T
    622  Ching II    13th  star                                          (Y
    596  Ching III   14th  Milky Way not visible                         (T
    566  Ching III   43rd  Tan river stopt                               (T
    560  Yuan         6th  Kwie and Tan rivers interrupted               (Y
    476  An          15th  great wind and dusk at noon                   (T
    435  Hsien       23rd  earth rent                                    (Y
    340  Chao-Hsiang  6th  Solar eclipse                                 (Y
    247  Ching Ti   (12th) Sun moved back 3 solar houses                 (Y 
    184  Cheng-ho     4th                                                (T
     91  Wang Mang    2nd  Yellow river changed course (Dhillon, B. S.)  (Y
                      3rd  given as 11 AD (101 years forward)
   CE
      4  Shang Ti     1st  beginning of reign                            (Y
    249  Mo Ti Wu     1st                                                (T
    254  Mo Ti Wu     5th                                                (Y
    279  March 30    (3rd, 4th, and 7th months):  Po comet - Ho 150      (T
    285  ping-hsu day 1st day of 8th month (Sept. 16):  Eclipse          (Y
    310  Huai Ti      4th  10th month keng-tzu day (Nov. 18):  Large star
                           fell NW (SW) producing a noise                (T
    316  Min Ti       4th  ?6th month ting-ssu day (July 6):  Eclipse?   (Y
    340             (16th) March 25:  Po comet - Ho 169                  (T
    348  Mu Ti        5th  8th month chi-mao night:  Heavens disrupted,
                           thunder, wild birds heard                     (Y
    368  Sheng-ping   4th  8th month day hsin-chou [38] s eclipse (Chueh)(T
    369  Hai Hsi Kung 4th  2nd - 7th month:  Guest star                  (T
    379
    400  An Ti        4th  ?2nd month chi-chou day (March 19):  Po comet
                           Ho 183 [Oct. 4, 5th year:  Heavens roared]    (T
    410  An Ti       14th                                                (Y
    431  Yuan-chia    6th 11th m d chi-chou [26]; stars; hour fu ended   (T
    491  Yung-ming   10th 12th m day kuei-wei [20] hour wei; s eclipse   (T
    504  Ching-ming   4th  5th m day ting-mao [4]                        (Y
    551  Yu-chang wan 1st  5th m day chi-wei [56]; solar eclipse         (T
    551  Wen Ti       1st  year                                          (T
    581  Kai-huang    5th  6th m day 30                                  (T
    702  Chung Tsung  2nd  9th m day hsin-yu [58];                       (T
    723  Hsuan Tsung 17th 10th m day hsin-yu [58]?                       (Y
    822  Ching Tsung  2nd  4th month day hsin-yu [58]; 3/4 s eclipse     (T
    974  Ten-en       3rd  7th m day hsin-wei [8] hours mao and chen     (Y
   1034  Pao-yuan     1st  1st m day ping-chen [53] solar eclipse        (T
   1064  Hsi-ning     1st  1st m day chia-hsu [11]                       (T
   1094  Yuan-yu      9th  3rd m day jen-shen [9]                        (T
   1098  Yuan         3rd  4th m day ting-mao [4]                        (Y
   1161  Chein-tao    4th  2nd m day 14 ting-wei [44]                    (Y
   1245  Shun-yu      5th?                                               (T
   1274  Shih        14th 10th m day ping-chen [53]; Divine wind         (T
   1275  Te-yu        1st  6th m day keng-tzu [37] hours szu to wu; se   (T
   1286  Chih-yuan   29th  1st m day chia-wu [31] sun golden ring        (Y
   1516  Cheng-te     9th  8th m day hsin-mao [28] hour wu til yu        (T
   1457  Ying Ming    1st  beginning of reign                            (T
   1487  Hsiao Tsung  1st  beginning of reign                            (T
   1516  Chu Hou-chao 9th  8th m day hsin-mao [28] e                     (T
   1577  Chu I-chung  3rd  4th m day chi-szu [6] at wu hour (noon)       (T
   1662  Kang-hsi     1st  beginning of reign                            (Y
   1912  Republic          beginning                                     (Y



Korea

    BCE

   3398 first Han-ung,       Kuh-bal-han
   3304 second Han-ung,      Kuh-bul-li
   3218 third Han-ung,       U-ya-go
   3119 fourth Han-ung,      Mo-sa-ra
   3028 The son of crown prince Tae-u-ui, Tae-ho, also Fuxi
   3012 fifth Han-ung,       Tae-u-ui
   2919 sixth Han-ung,       Da-ui-bal
   2821 seventh Han-ung,     Kuh-ryon
   2740 eighth Han-ung,      An-bu-ryon
   2667 ninth Han-ung,       Yang-un
   2571 tenth Han-ung,       Gal-go
   2471 eleventh Han-ung,    Kh-ya-bal
   2379 twelfth Han-ung,     Ju-mu-shin
   2274 thirteenth Han-ung,  Sa-wa-ra
   2207 fourteenth Han-ung,  Ja-o-ji
   2098 fifteenth Han-ung,   Chi-aek-teuk
   2009 sixteenth Han-ung,   Chuk-da-ri
   1953 seventeenth Han-ung, Hyuk-da-sae
   1881 eighteenth Han-ung,  Kuh-bul-dan
   1833 first Tangun,        Im-gom

 SILLA eastern                 KOGURYO northern         PAEKCHE southwest

  BCE                           37 Tongmyong Wang   18
                                19 Yurimyong Wang    1
   57 Pak Hykkose Kosogun  60   18 Taemusin Wang    61   18 Ongjo Wang   45
 CE
    4 Namhae Ch'ach'aung   20   44 Mingjung Wang     4   28 Taru Wang    49
   24 Yuri Isagum          33   48 Mobong Wang       5   77 Kiru Wang    51
   57 Sok T'arhae Isagum   23   53 T'aejo Taewang   93  128 Kaeru Wang   38
   80 Pak P'asa Isagum     32  146 Ch'adae Wang     19  166 Kusu Wang    48
  112 Chima Isagum         22  165 Sindae Wang      14  214 Sabang Wang  20
  134 Ilsong Isagum        20  179 Kogukch'ong Wang 18  234 Koyi Wang    52
  154 Adalla Isagum        30  197 Sangsang Wang    30  286 Ch'aekkyo W  12
  184 Sok Porhyu Isagum    12  227 Tongch'ong Wang  21  298 Punso Wang    6
  196 Naehae Isagum        34  248 Ch'ungch'ong W   22  304 Piryu Wang   40
  230 Chobun Isagum        17  270 Soch'ong Wang    22  344 Kye Wang      2
  247 Ch'omhae Isagum      14  292 Pongsang Wang     8  346 Kunch'ogo W  29
  261 Kim Mich'u Isagum    23  300 Mich'ong Wang    31  375 Kungusu Wang  9
  284 Sok Yurye Isagum     14  331 Kogukwong Wang   40  384 Ch'imnyu Wang 1
  298 Kirim Isagum         12  371 Sosurim Wang     13  385 Chinsa Wang   7
  310 Hurhae Isagum        46  384 Kogukyang Wang    8  392 Asin Wang    13
  356 Kim Naemul Maripkan  46  392 Kwangaet'o Wang  21  405 Chongji Wang 15
  402 Silson Maripkan      15  413 Changsu Wang     78  420 Kungsin Wang  7
  417 Nulji Maripkan       41  491 Munja Wang       28  427 Piyu Wang    28
  458 Chabi Maripkan       21  519 Anjang Wang      12  455 Kaero Wang   20
  479 Soji Maripkan        21  531 Angwong Wang     14  475 Mungju Wang   2
  500 Chijung Wang         14  545 Yangwong Wang    14  477 Samgung Wang  2
  514 Pop'ung Wang         26  559 P'yongwang Wang  31  479 Tongsong W   22
  540 Chinghung Wang       36  590 Yonyang Wang     28  501 Munyong Wang 22
  576 Chingji Wang          3  618 Yongnyu Wang     24  523 Song Wang    31
  579 Chingp'yong Wang     53  642 Pojang Wang      26  554 Widok Wang   44
  632 Sondok Yowang        15  668 SILLA                598 Hye Wang      1
  647 Chindok Yowang (fem)  7                           599 Pob Wang      1
  654 T'aejong Muyol Wang   7                           600 Mu Wang      42
  661 Munmu Wang           20                           642 Uyja Wang    18
  681 Sinmun Wang          11                           660 SILLA
  692 Hyoso                10
  702 Songdok Wang         35
  737 Hyosong Wang          5
  742 Kyondok Wang         23
  765 Hyegong Wang         15
  780 Sondok Wang           5
  785 Wonsong Wang         14
  799 Sosong Wang           1
  800 Aejang Wang           9
  809 Hondok Wang          17
  826 Hongdok Wang         10
  836 Huigang Wang          2
  838 Minae Wang            1
  839 Sinmu Wang           18
  857 Honan Wang            4
  861 Kyogmun Wang         14
  875 Hongong Wang         11
  886 Chonggang Wang        1 Kim
  887 Chinsong Yowang      10 (female)
  897 Hyogong Wang         15
  912 Sindok Wang           5
  917 Kyong Myong Wang      7

      WANG
  924 T'aejo I             20
  944 Hyejong               2
  946 Chongjong I           4
  950 Kwangjong            16
  976 Kyongjong             5
  981 Songjong I           16
  997 Mokshong             13
 1010 Hyonjong I           22
 1032 Tokjong               3
 1035 Chongjong II         12
 1047 Munjong I            36
 1083 Sunjong               1
 1084 Sonjong              11
 1095 Honjong I             1
 1096 Sokjong              10
 1106 Yejong I             17
 1123 Injong I             24
 1147 Uijong               23
 1170 Myongjong            28
 1198 Sinjong               7
 1205 Huijong               7
 1212 Kangjong              1
 1213 Kojong I             47
 1260 Wonjong              15
 1275 Ch'unguyol           34
 1309 Ch'ungson             5
 1314 Ch'ungsuk            16
 1330 Ch'unghye             2 d. 1344
 1332 Ch'angsuk             7
 1339 Ch'unghye             5  restored
 1344 Ch'ungmok             5
 1349 Ch'unajong            2
 1351 Kongmin              23
 1374 Sin U                15
 1389 Sinch'ang
      Kongyang              3

      YI
 1392 T'aejo II             6
 1398 Chongjong III         3
 1401 T'aejong             17
 1418 Sejong               32
 1450 Munjong II            2
 1452 Tanjong               4
 1456 Sejo                 12
 1468 Yejong II             2
 1470 Songjong II          24
 1494 Yonsan Gun           12
 1506 Chungjong            38
 1544 Injong II             2
 1546 Myonjong             21
 1567 Sonjo                42
 1609 Kwan Naegun          14
 1623 Injo                 27
 1650 Hyojong              10
 1660 Hyonjong II          15
 1675 Sukchong             45
 1720 Kyonjong              5
 1725 Yongjo               52
 1777 Chongjo              24
 1801 Sunjo                34
 1835 Honjong II           15
 1850 Ch'oljong            14
 1864 Kojong II            43 d. 1919
 1907 Sungjong              3

 1905 Japanese "Protectorate"     5
 1910 Annexed to Japan           35
 1945 Allied Military Occupation  3
 1948 Democratic Peoples Republic (North)
 1948 Republic of Korea (South)


  BCE

 3398 First Han-ung  began              
 3119 Mo-sa-ra  began                     Mid Holocene gravity event
 1953 Hyuk-da-sae  began               T
 1833 Tangun  began                    T

 CE
    4 Namhae Ch'ach'aung  began        Y
  310 Hurhae Isagum  began             T
  491 Mauja Wang  began                T
  642 Pojang Wang  began               T
  660 Uyja Wang  end                   Y
  692 Hyoso  began                     Y
  702 Songdok Wang  began              T
 1275 Ch'unguyol  began                T
 1349 Ch'unajong  began                Y
 1456 Sejo  began                      T
 1567 Sonjo  began                     Y
 1660 Hyonjong II  began               Y



Emperors  Japan

    #   BCE                born - died         #   CE

    1   660  Jimmu          711 - 585         63    967  Reizi
    2   581  Suizei         632 - 549         64    969  En-yu
    3   549  Annei          567 - 511         65    984  Kazan
    4   510  Itoku          553 - 477         66    986  Ichijo
    5   475  Kosho          501 - 393         67   1011  Sanjo
    6   392  Koan           427 - 291         68   1016  Go-ichijo
    7   290  Koren          342 - 215         69   1036  Gozuzaku
    8   214  Kogen          273 - 158         70   1045  Goreizi
    9   158  Kaika          208 -  98         71   1068  Gasanjo
   10    97  Sujin          148 -  30         72   1072  Shirakawa
   11    29  Suinin          69 -  70 CE      73   1086  Horikawa
       CE                                     74   1107  Toba
   12    71  Keiko       BCE 13 - 130 CE      75   1123  Sutoku
   13   130  Seimu           84 - 190         76   1141  Konoe
   14   192  Chuai          149 - 200         77   1155  Goshirakawa
        201  Empress Jingu                    78   1158  Nijo
   15   270  Ojin           201 - 310         79   1165  Rokujo
   16   313  Nintoku        290 - 399         80   1168  Takakura
   17   400  Richu          339 - 405         81   1180  Antoku
   18   406  Hanzei         352 - 410         82   1183  Gotoba
   19   412  Ingyo          374 - 453         83   1198  Tsuchimikado
   20   453  Anko           410 - 456         84   1210  Juntoku
   21   456  Yuryaku        418 - 479         85   1221  Chukyo
   22   480  Seinei         444 - 484         86   1221  Gohorikawa
   23   485  Kenzo          450 - 487         87   1232  Shijo
   24   488  Ninken         449 - 498         88   1242  Gosaga
   25   498  Buretsu        489 - 506         89   1246  Gofukakusa
   26   507  Keitai         450 - 531         90   1260  Kameyama
   27   531  Ankan          466 - 535         91   1274  Go-uda
   28   535  Senka          467 - 539         92   1288  Fushimi
   29   539  Kimmei         509 - 571         93   1298  Gofushimi
   30   572  Bidatsu        538 - 585         94   1301  Gonijo
   31   585  Yomei            ? - 587         95   1308  Hanazono
   32   587  Sushun           ? - 592         96   1319  Godaigo
   33   593  Suiko          554 - 628         97   1339  Gomurakami
   34   629  Jomei          593 - 641         98   1368  Chokei
   35   642  Kogyoku        594 - 661         99   1371  Gokameyama
   36   645  Kotoku         597 - 654        100   1384  Gokomatsu
   37   655  Saimei 35      594 - 661        101   1413  Shoko
   38   661  Tenji          626 - 672        102   1429  Gohanazono
   39   672  Kobun          648 - 672        103   1464  Gotsuchimikado
   40   672  Temmu            ? - 686        104   1501  Gokashiwabara
   41   686  Empress Jito   645 - 703        105   1527  Gonara
   42   697  Mommu          683 - 707        106   1558  Ogimachi
   43   707  Empress Gemmei 661 - 722        107   1587  Goyozei
   44   715  Empress Gensho 680 - 748        108   1612  Gomizuno-o
   45   724  Shomu          701 - 756        109   1630  Empress Meisho
   46   749  Koken          718 - 770        110   1644  Gokomyo
   47   758  Junnin         733 - 765        111   1655  Gosai
   48   764  Shotoku 46     718 - 770        112   1663  Reigen
   49   770  Konin          709 - 782        113   1687  Higashiyama
   50   781  Kammu          737 - 806        114   1709  Nakamikado
   51   806  Heizei         774 - 824        115   1737  Sakuramachi
   52   809  Saga           786 - 842        116   1748  Momozono
   53   823  Junna          786 - 840        117   1763  Gosakuramachi
   54   833  Nimmyo         810 - 850        118   1771  Gomomozono
   55   850  Montoku        827 - 858        119   1780  Kokaku
   56   858  Seiwa          850 - 881        120   1817  Ninko
   57   876  Yozei          869 - 949        121   1847  Komei
   58   884  Koko           830 - 887        122   1866  Meiji
   59   887  Uda            867 - 931        123   1912  Yoshihito (Taisho)
   60   897  Daigo          885 - 930        124   1926  Hirohito (Showa)
   61   930  Suzaku         923 - 952        125   1989  Akihito (Heisei)
   62   946  Murakami       926 - 967



Bharat BCE

   4428  6 kings          270
   4158  Samvarna          88
   4089  Kuru              72
   4017  Sudhanva          80
   3937  Suhotra           93
   3844  Chyavana          38
   3806  Krimi             37
   3769  Chaidya           42
   3727  Brihadradha       72 Founder of Magadha 571 before Mahabharata war

   3709  Brihadradha       72 Founder of Magadha 571 before Mahabharata war
   3637  Kusagra           70
   3567  Rishabha          70
   3497  Satyahita         60
   3437  Punya             43
   3394  Satyadhruti       43
   3351  Sudhanva II       43
   3308  Sarva             43
   3265  Bhuvana           43
   3222  Jarasandha        42   Hastinapure          Kosa
   3180  Sahadeva          42
   3138  Somapi            58   3156  Yudhisira      3156  Brihatkshana
   3080  Srutasrava        64   3119  Parikshit            Uruyaksha
   3016  Yutayu            36         Janamejaya           Vatsavyuha
   2980  Niramitra         40         Satanika             Prativyoma
   2940  Sunaksatra        58         Aswamedhadat         Divakara

   2882  Brhatsena         23         Adhisima krishna     Sadeva
   2859  Karmajit          50         Nichaknu             Brihadaswa
   2809  Sutanjaya         40         Ushna                Bhanuradha
   2769  Vipra             35         Chitraradha          Pratitasya
   2734  Suci              58         Suchiradha           Supratika
   2676  Ksema             28         Vrishnimanta         Marudeva
   2648  Suvrata           64         Sushena              Sunakshatra
   2584  Dharmasutra       35         Suneedha             Kinnara
   2549  Sama              58         Nrupegakshu          Anadharaksha
   2491  Suvrata           38         Sukhibala            Suprana
   2453  Dyumatsena        58         Pariplava            Amitrajit
   2395  Sumati            33         Sunaya               Brihatbhaja
   2362  Subala            22         Medhavi              Dharmi
   2340  Sunitha           40         Ripunjaya            Krutanjaya
   2300  Satyajit          83         Urva                 Rananjaya
   2217  Visvajit          35         Thigma               Sanjaya
   2182  Ripunjaya         50         Bruhadradha          Sakya
                                      Kasudana             Suddhodana
   2132  Pradyota          23         Sataneeka II         Siddhardha
   2109  Palaka            24         Udayana              Rahula
   2085  Visakhayupa       50         Kihinara             Prasenajit
   2035  Rajaka            21         Dandapani            Kahudraka
   2014  Nandivardhana     20         Niramitra            Kundaka
                                      Kshemaka             Suradha
   1994  Sisunaga          40         End 1634             Sumitra
   1954  Kakavarna         36                              End 1634
   1918  Ksemadharma       26
   1892  Ksetrajna         40
   1852  Vidhisara         38
         Kanvayana         (9)
   1814  Ajatasatru        27
   1787  Darbhaka          35
   1752  Ajaya             33
   1719  Nandivardhana     42
   1677  Mahanandi         43


 India                      Kashmir                Nepal

  BCE

 4159 Samvarna          88  3450 5 kings      212  4159 Bhuktamanagata   88
 4071 Kuru              72  3238 Gonanda       50  4071 Jaya Gupta       72
 3999 Sudhanva          80  3188 Yasovati      48  3999 Parama Gupta     80
 3919 Suhotra           93  3140 Gonanda II    57  3919 Harsha Gupta     93
 3826 Chyavana          38  3083 Parikshit         3826 Bhima Gupta      38
 3788 Krimi             37       Hernadeva         3788 Mani Gupta       37
 3751 Chaidya           42       Ramandevea        3751 Vishnu Gupta     42
 3709 Brihadradha       72       Vyasadeva         3709 Yaksha Gupta     72
 3637 Kusagra           70       Drunadeva         3637 Varasimha       200
 3567 Rishabha          70       Simhadeva              Jayamatasimh   
 3497 Satyahita         60       Gopaladeva             Bhuvanasimha
 3475 Punya             43       Vijayananda       3437 Yalambara       300
 3432 Satyadhruti       43       Sukhandeva             Pavi
 3389 Sudhanva II       43       Ramananda              Skandara
 3346 Sarva             43       Sandhiman              Valamba
 3283 Bhuvana           43       Marahandeva &          Hriti
 3240 Jarasandha        42       Kamandeva              Jitedasti
 3198 Sahadeva          42       Chandradeva       3138 Gali            818
 3156 Somapi            58       Anandadeva             Pushka
 3080 Srutasrava        64       Drupadadeva            Suyarma
 3016 Yutayu            36       Harnamdeva             Parbha
 2980 Niramitra         40       Sulkandeva             Thunka
 2940 Sunaksatra        58       Sinaditya              Svananda
 2882 Brhatsena         23       Mangaladitya           Stunco
 2859 Karmajit          50       Khimendra              Gighri
 2809 Sutanjaya         40       Bhimasena              Nane
 2769 Vipra             35       Indrasena              Luk
 2734 Suci              58       Sundarasena            Thor
 2676 Ksema             28       Galgendra              Thoko
 2648 Suvrata           64       Baldeva                Varma
 2584 Dharmasutra       35       Nalasena               Guja
 2549 Sama              58       Gokarna                Pushkara
 2491 Suvrata           38       Prahlada               Kesu
 2453 Dyumatsena        58       Bambru                 Sunsa
 2395 Sumati            33       Pratapaseela           Sammu
 2362 Subala            22       Sangramachandra        Gunana
 2340 Sunitha           40       Larikchandra           Kimbu
 2300 Satyajit          83       Biramchamdra           Patuka
 2217 Visvajit          35       Babighana              Gasti
 2182 Ripunjaya         50       Bhagavanta        2319 Nimisha         464
                            1752 Lava          39       Manaksha
 2132 Pradyota          23  1713 Kusa          39       Kakavarman
 2109 Palaka            24  1674 Khagendra     39  1855 Bhaskaravarman  143
 2085 Visakhayupa       50  1635 Surendra      39  1712 Bhumi Varman     67
 2035 Rajaka            21  1596 Godhara       39  1645 Chandra Varman   61
 2014 Nandivardhana     20  1557 Suvarna       39  1584 Jaya Varman      82
                            1518 Janaka        39  1502 Varsha Varman    61
 1994 Sisunaga          40  1479 Sachinara     31  1441 Sarva Varman     78
 1954 Kakavarna         36  1448 Dharmasoka    48  1363 Prithvi Varman   76
 1918 Ksemadharma       26  1400 Jalauka       56  1287 Jyestha Varman   75
 1892 Ksetrajna         40  1344 Damodara II   50  1212 Hari Varman      76
 1852 Vidhisara         38  1294 Hushka        60  1136 Kubera Varman    88
      Kanvayana         (9) 1234 Abhimanyu     52  1048 Siddhi Varman    61
 1814 Ajatasatru        27  1182 Gonanda III   35   987 Haridatta Varman 81
 1787 Darbhaka          35  1147 Vibhishana    55   906 Vasudatta Varman 63
 1752 Ajaya             33  1092 Indrajit      35   843 Pati Varman      53
 1719 Nandivardhana     42  1057 Ravana        30   790 Sivavriddhi V    54
 1677 Mahanandi         43  1027 Vibhishana    35   736 Vasanta Varman   61
 1634 Nanda             88   992 Kinnara       40   675 Siva Varman      62
 1546 Sumalya           12   952 Siddha        60   613 Rudra Varman     66
                             892 Utpalaksha    31   547 Vrishadeva V     61
 1534 Candragupta       34   861 Hiranyaksha   37   486 Sankaradeva      25
 1500 Varisara          28   824 Hiranyakula   60   461 Dharmandeva      24
 1472 Asoka             36   764 Vasukula      60   437 Manadeva         20
 1436 Suyasa             8   704 Mihirakula    70   417 Mahideva         20
 1428 Dasaratha          8   634 Baka          40   397 Vasantadeva      15
 1420 Indrapalita       70   594 Kshitinamdana 30   382 Udayadeva Varman  5
 1350 Harsa              8   564 Vasunamdana   52   377 Manadeva Varman  30
 1342 Sangata            9   512 Nara          35   347 Gunakamadeva V   10
 1333 Salisuka          13   477 Aksha         60   337 Sivadeva Varman  61
 1320 Somasarma          7   417 Gopaditay     60   276 Narendradeva V   42
 1313 Satadhanva         8   357 Gokarna II    35   234 Bhimadeva Varman 36
 1305 Brihadratha       87   322 Kinkhila      37   198 Vishnudeva V     47
                             285 Andha Yudhstira    151 Viswadeva Varman 51
 1218 Pushyamitra       60                          101 Amsuvarman       68
 1158 Agnimitra         50   272 Pratapaditya  32    33 Kritavarman      87
 1108 Vasumitra         36   240 Jalaukasa     32  CE
 1172 Sujyeshtha        17   208 Tunjina       36    54 Bhimarjuna       94
 1055 Andhraka          30   172 Vijaya         8   147 Nandadeva (25)  152
 1025 Pulindaka         33   164 Jayendra      37   299 Viradeva         95
  992 Ghosha             3   127 Sandhimati    47   394 Chandraketudeva  66
  989 Vajramitra        29                          460 Narendradeva     56
  960 Bhagavata         32    80 Meghavahana   34   516 Varadeva          4
  928 Devabhuti         10    46 Pravarasena   30   570 Naramude         45
                              16 Hiranya       30   615 Sankaradeva      12
  918 Vasudeva          39  CE                      627 Vardhamanadeva   13
  879 Bhumlmitra        24    15 Matrigupata    5   640 Balideva         13
  855 Narayana          12    20 Pravarasena   60   653 Jayadeva         15
  843 Susarman          10    80 Yudhistira II 39   668 Balarjunadeva    17
                             119 Lakshmana     13   685 Vikramadeva      12
  833 Simhaka Sri       23   132 Tunjina       42   697 Gunakamadeva     51
  810 Krishna           18   174 Vikramaditya  42   748 Bhojadeva         8
  792 Malla             10   216 Baladitya     37   756 Lakshmikamadeva  22
  782 Purnothsanga      18                          778 Jayadevamalla    10
  764 Sri Satakarni     56   252 Durlabhavard  36
  708 Skandhastambhi    18   288 Durlabhaka    50   765 Manadeva         10
  690 Lambodara         18   338 Chandrapida   59   775 Narasimhadeva    22
  672 Apilaka           12   397 Tarapida      34   797 Nandadeva        21
  660 Meghaswaati       18   431 Lalitaditya   36   818 Rudradeva        19
  642 Swataswati        18   467 Kuvalayaditya  1   837 Mitradeva        21
  624 Skandasvati        7   468 Vajraditya    57   858 Arideva          22
  617 Mrugendra          3   525 Prithivyapida 44   880 Abhayamalla
  614 Kuntala            8   569 Sangramapida           Jayadevamalla    10
  606 Soumya            12       Jayapida      51   890 Anandamalla      25
  594 Satasatakarna      1   620 Lalitapida    52
  593 Puloman           36   672 Sagramapida   57   880 Nanyadeva        50
  557 Megha             38   729 Chipyata-Jaya 52   930 Gangandeva       41
  519 Arishtakarna      25   781 Ajitapida     56   971 Narasimhadeva    31
  494 Hala               5   837 Anangapida     3  1002 Saktideva        39
  489 Mandalaka          5   840 Utnalanida     5  1041 Ramasimhadeva    58
  484 Purindrashena     21   845 Sukhavarma     7
  463 Sundara            1                         1099 Thakuris        225
  462 Chakora          1/2   852 Avantivarma   28
      (Mahendra        1/4)  880 Sankaravarma  20  1324 Harisimhadeva    24
  461 Sivasvati         28   900 Gopalavarma    2  1348 Matisimhadeva    15
  433 GoutamiPutra      25   902 Sankata        1  1363 Saktisimhadeva   33
  408 Puloman II        32   903 Sugandha          1396 Syamasimhadeva   15
  376 Sivasri            7       Suravarma      1  1411 -
  369 Sivaskandha        7   904 Partha        14
  362 Yajna             19   918 Nirjitavarma   2  1301 Jayabhadramalla  15
  343 Vijaya             6   920 Charkravarma  14  1316 Nagamalla        15
  337 Chandasri          3   934 Unmattavanti   2  1331 Jayajagatmalla   11
  334 Puloman III        7                         1342 Nagendramalla    10
                             936 Yasaskara     10  1352 Ugramalla        15
  327 Chandragupta       7   946 Parvagupta     2  1367 Asokamalla       19
  320 Samudragupta      51   948 Kshemagupta    9  1386 Jayastitimalla   43
  269 Chandragupta II   36                         1429 Yakshamalla      43
  233 Kumaragupta       42   957 Abhimanyu     14  1472 -
  191 Skandagupta       25   971 Nandigupta     1
  166 Narasimhagupta    40   972 Tribhuvana     2  1470 Jayarayamalla    32
  126 Kumaragupta II    44   974 Bhimagupta     5  1502 Suvarnamalla     18
                             979 Dida          33  1520 Pranamalla       23
  399 Maues             28                         1543 Viswamalla       15
  371 Azes              21  1012 Sangramaraja  15  1558 Trilokamalla     30
  350 Azilises          19  1027 Hariraja          1588 Jagajjyotirmalla 32
  331 Azes II           27       Anantadeva    35  1620 Narendramalla    21
  257 Chandragupta II   38  1062 2nd term      16  1641 Jagatprakasamal  21
                            1078 Kalasa        10  1662 Jitamitramalla   21
  392 Parmara            6  1088 Utkarsha          1683 Bhupatindramalla 34
  386 Mahamara           3       Harsha        22  1717 Ranjitamalla
  383 Devapi             3
  380 Devaduta           3  1110 Uchchala          1490 Ratnamalla       11
  377   Saka remove    195       Sankharaja    10  1501 Amaramalla       47
  182 Gandharva Sena    50  1120 Sussala        8  1548 Suryamalla +
  132 Shankha Maha Raja 30  1128 Jayasimha     20       Narendramall     18
  102 Gandharva 2nd     20  1148 end               1566 Mahindramall +
   82 Vikramaditya      75                              Sadasivamalla    19
    7 Devahakta         35                         1585 Sivasimhamalla   10
   CE                                              1595 Lakshminarasimha 44
   29 Devahaktason      49                         1639 Pratapamalla     18
   78 Salivahana        60                         1657 Mahipatindra     37
  138 Salihotra        500                         1694 Bhaskaramalla     8
      Salivardhana                                 1702 Jagajjayamalla   30
      Suhotra                                      1732 Jayaprakasa      36
      Havirhotra                                   1768 King Ghorka
      Indrapala                                         conquors
      Malyavan
      Sambhudatta
      Bhauma
      Vatsa
  636 Bhoja             56
  692 Sambhudatta II   300
      Bindupala
      Rajapala
      Mahinara
      Somavarma
      Kamavarma
  932 Virasimha         60
  992 Rangapala        200
      Kalpasimha
      Gangasimha       (90)
 1192 End


Chronology of Ancient Hindu History, Pandit Kota Venkatachela Paakayaji,
Gandhinagar Vijayawada - 2, 1957

Azes Era (476 BCE)? or Harsha era
Sri Harsha Era 457 BCE
Vikrama Era 57 BCE
Salivahana Era 78 CE

Mahabharata war, Yudhjishtira Era 3139 BCE - Kali yuga Feb. 20th, 3102 BCE
Saptarshis Saka, Yudhishtira kala, Loukikabda, Kashmir Era - 3076 BCE
Malawa Gana-Saka Era 725 BCE, Saka kala Era = Cyrus Era or 576 BCE



 Kashmir BCE                       Nepal BCE

                                   4161  Bhuktamanagata Gupta  88
                                   4073  Jaya Gupta            72
                                   4001  Parama Gupta          80
                                   3921  Harsha Gupta          93
                                   3828  Bhima Gupta           38
                                   3790  Mani Gupta            37
                                   3753  Vishnu Gupta          42
                                   3711  Yaksha Gupt           72
                                   3639  Varasimha            200
                                         Jayamatasimh
                                         Bhuvanasimha
                                   3439  Yalambara            300
                                         Pavi
                                         Skandara
                                         Valamba
   3450  1-5               212           Hriti
   3238  Gonanda            50           Humati
   3188  Yasovati           48           Jitedasti
   3140  Gonanda II         57     3139  Gali                 818
   3083  Parikshit                       Pushka
         Hernadeva                       Suyarma
         Ramandevea                      Parbha
         Vyasadeva                       Thunka
         Drunadeva                       Svananda
         Simhadeva                       Stunco
         Gopaladeva                      Gighri
         Vijayananda                     Nane
         Sukhandeva                      Luk
         Ramananda                       Thor
         Sandhiman                       Thoko
         Marahandeva                     Varma
         & Kamandeva                     Guja
         Chandradeva                     Pushkara
         Anandadeva                      Kesu
         Drupadadeva                     Sunsa
         Harnamdeva                      Sammu
         Sulkandeva                      Gunana
         Sinaditya                       Kimbu
         Mangaladitya                    Patuka
         Khimendra                       Gasti
         Bhimasena                 2321  Nimisha              464
         Indrasena                       Manaksha
         Sundarasena                     Kakavarman
         Galgendra                       Pasuprekshadeva
         Baldeva                   1857  Bhaskaravarman       143
         Nalasena
         Gokarna
         Prahlada
         Bambru
         Pratapaseela
         Sangramachandra
         Larikchandra
         Biramchamdra
         Babighana
         Bhagavanta
   1752  Lava               39
   1713  Kusa               39     1714  Bhumi Varman          67
   1674  Khagendra          39     1647  Chandra Varman        61
   1635  Surendra           39     1586  Jaya Varman           82
   1596  Godhara            39     1504  Varsha Varman         61
   1557  Suvarna            39     1443  Sarva Varman          78
   1518  Janaka             39     1365  Prithvi Varman        76
   1479  Sachinara          31     1289  Jyestha Varman        75
   1448  Dharmasoka         48     1214  Hari Varman           76
   1400  Jalauka            56     1138  Kubera Varman         88
   1344  Damodara II        50     1050  Siddhi Varman         61
   1294  Hushka             60      989  Haridatta Varman      81
   1234  Abhimanyu          52      908  Vasudatta Varman      63
   1184  Gonanda III        35      845  Pati Varman           53
   1147  Vibhishana         55      792  Sivavriddhi Varman    54
   1092  Indrajit           35      738  Vasanta Varman        61
   1057  Ravana             30      677  Siva Varman           62
   1027  Vibhishana II      35      615  Rudra Varman          66
    992  Kinnara            40      549  Vrishadeva Varman     61
    952  Siddha             60      488  Sankaradeva           25
    892  Utpalaksha         31      463  Dharmadeva            24
    861  Hiranyaksha        37      439  Manadeva              20
    824  Hiranyakula        60      419  Mahideva              20
    764  Vasukula           60      399  Vasantadeva           15
    704  Mihirakula         70      384  Udayadeva Varman       5
    634  Baka               40      379  Manadeva Varman       30
    594  Kshitinamdana      30      349  Gunakamadeva Varman   10
    564  Vasunamdana        52      339  Sivadeva Varman       61
    512  Nara               35      278  Narendradeva Varman   42
    477  Aksha              60      236  Bhimadeva Varman      36
    417  Gopaditya          60      200  Vishnudeva Varman     47
    357  Gokarna II         35      153  Viswadeva Varman      51
    322  Kinkhila           37
    285  Andha Yudhstira    13
    272  Pratapaditya       32
    240  Jalaukasa          32
    208  Tunjina            36
    172  Vijaya              8
    164  Jayendra           37
    127  Sandhimati         47
     80  Meghavahana        34
     46  Pravarasena        30      102  Amsuvarman            68
     16  Hiranya            30       34  Kritavarman           87
   CE                              CE
     14  Matrigupta          5       54  Bhimarjuna            93
     19  Pravarasena II     60      147  Nandadeva       (25) 152
     79  Yudhistira II      39      299  Viradeva              95
    118  Lakshmana          13      394  Chandraketudeva       66
    131  Tunjina            42      460  Narendradeva          56
    173  Vikramaditya       42      516  Varadeva              54
    215  Baladitya          37      570  Naramudi              45
                                    615  Sankaradeva           12
    252  Durlabhavardhana   36      627  Vardhamanadeva        13
    288  Durlabhaka         50      640  Balideva              13
    338  Chandrapida        59      653  Jayadeva              15
    397  Tarapida           34      668  Balarjunadeva         17
    431  Lalitaditya        36      685  Vikramadeva           12
    467  Kuvalayaditya       1      697  Gunakamadeva          51
    468  Vajraditya         57      748  Bhojadeva              8
    525  Prithivyapida      44      756  Lakshmikamadeva       22
    569  Sangramapida 7 days        778  Jayakamadeva          20
         Jayapida           51
    620  Lalitapida         52      765  Manadeva              10
    672  Sagramapida II     57      775  Narasimhadeva         22
    729  Chipyata-Jayapida  52      797  Nandadeva             21
    781  Ajitapida          56      818  Rudradeva             19
    837  Anangapida          3      837  Mitradeva             21
    840  Utpalapida          5      858  Arideva               22
    845  Sukhavarma          7      880  Abhayamalla
                                         Jayadevamalla         10
    852  Avantivarma        28           Anandamalla           25
    880  Sankaravarma       20
    900  Gopalavarma         2      880  Nanyadeva             50
    902  Sankata             1      930  Gangadeva             41
    903  Sugandha                   971  Narasimhadeva         31
         Suravarma           1     1002  Saktideva             39
    904  Partha             14     1041  Ramasimhadeva         58
    918  Nirjitavarma        2
    920  Chakravarma        14     1099  Thakuris             225
    934  Unmattavanti        2
                                   1324  Harisimhadeva         24
    936  Yasaskara          10     1348  Matisimhadeva         15
         Varnata                   1363  Saktisimhadeva        33
         Sangramadeva              1396  Syamasimhadeva        15
    946  Parvagupta          2     1411  -
    948  Kshemagupta         9     1301  Jayabhadramalla       15
                                   1316  Nagamalla             15
    957  Abhimanyugupta     14     1331  Jayajagatmalla        11
    971  Nandigupta          1     1342  Nagendramalla         10
    972  Tribhuvanagupta     2     1352  Ugramalla             15
    974  Bhimagupta          5     1367  Asokamalla            19
    979  Dida               33     1386  Jayastitimalla        43
                                   1429  Yakshamalla           43
   1012  Sangramaraja       15     1472  -
   1027  Hariraja  22 days         1470  Jayarayamalla        150
         Anantadeva         35           Suvarnamalla
   1062  2nd                16           Pranamalla
   1078  Kalasa             10           Viswamalla
   1088  Utkarsha                        Trilokamalla
         Harsha             22           Jagajjyotirmalla
                                   1620  Narendramalla         21
   1110  Uchchala                  1641  Jagatprakasamalla     21
         Sankharaja         10     1662  Jitamitramalla        21
   1120  Sussala             8     1683  Bhupatindramalla      34
   1128  Jayasimha          20     1717  Ranjitamalla
   1148  end
                                   1490  Ratnamalla            11
                                   1501  Amaramalla            47
                                   1548  Suryamalla             }
                                         Narendramall          18
                                   1566  Mahindramall           }
                                         Sadasivamalla         19
                                   1585  Sivasimhamalla        10
                                   1595  Lakshminarasimhamalla 44
                                   1639  Pratapamalla          18
                                   1657  Mahipatindramalla     37
                                   1694  Bhaskaramalla          8
                                   1702  Jagajjayamalla        30
                                   1732  Jayaprakasa           36
                                   1768  Ghorka King of
                                   Prithoinarayana conquors Kashmir